With the internationalization of green building, the concept of green building has been paid attention to in China. In the construction market, some real estate developers, in order to cater to consumers' yearning for "green building", add a small garden and several waterscapes in commercial residential quarters under the banner of "green" and "comfortable living" to increase the selling point of real estate, so that residential buildings can not meet the standard of "green building".

This shows that while people pursue green, ecology and health, it is easy to lead people to misunderstand "green building", so China's green building system needs to be popularized and improved nationwide. China's first "Green Building Evaluation Standard" has been formally implemented, which is used to evaluate residential buildings and office buildings, shopping malls, hotels and other public buildings. The standard evaluation index system includes the following six indicators: 1) land saving and outdoor environment; 2) Energy conservation and utilization; 3) water saving and water resources utilization; 4) material saving and material resource utilization; 5) Indoor environmental quality; 6) Operation management (residential buildings) and comprehensive performance of the whole life cycle (public buildings).

Although there are aesthetic problems in both "green" and "ecological" buildings, it is first and foremost to adjust measures to local conditions, protect building materials and save energy and reduce consumption. In China, the definition of fe-colored buildings is: to save resources (energy, land, water, materials) to the maximum extent, protect the environment, reduce pollution, provide people with healthy, applicable and efficient use space, and live in harmony with nature. (1) In this way, the green ecological building must first have a reasonable site selection and planning, try to protect the original ecosystem and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment. The internal and external walls of the ecological building are essential, and the materials should be low-carbon building materials, which should be firm and durable, heat-insulating, heat-insulating, incombustible, fire-proof, sound-proof, waterproof, moisture-proof, antifreeze, mildew-proof and moth-proof.

In addition to light weight, high strength, heat preservation, fire prevention, sound insulation, waterproof and other properties, the ecological building materials wall also needs radioactive safety, and will not produce smoke poison in case of fire. The application and construction process have the least impact on the environment, and will not pollute the environment after demolition, which is environmentally friendly and can be reused. In order to meet the needs of saving materials and using material resources in the six indicators of green building, new wall materials products are developing along the wall direction of ecological building materials.

Examples of ecological building materials wall products

The properties of asbestos-free fiber reinforced Korean silicate/cement flat plate can meet the requirements of the above ecological building materials. This plate is made of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and cellulose fiber through the plate-making process, and is hydrated at the high temperature of 185℃ and the pressure of IMpa to form a plate-like material with Tobermorite crystal as the main component, with a width of 3050mm and a width of1220 mm. Take the test results and application process design of the product as an example: Asbestos-free calcium silicate board has low density, medium density and high density, and can be used for internal and external firewalls. The low density board (1g/cm3) is adopted, and the fire resistance time is 4 hours; Medium density board (L 1.2g/cm3) is used for interior wall partition and ceiling, and the fire resistance time can reach 2 hours. The bending strength of the inner wallboard is as high as 40 lOMpa. C-type 100 light steel keel shall be installed on the medium density boards with thickness of 0/2mm on both sides, and rock wool with bulk density 100kg/m3 shall be filled in. The sound insulation ability can meet the requirements of national civil buildings, and the total thickness of the wall is 186mm, which is 240mm thicker than other materials. Every 20m-long wall can increase the usable area by about lm2, which meets the requirements of land saving. In addition, the inner wall structure is outward >: 50mm is reserved as the air layer, and the steel profile frame is matched with the high-density board as the outer wall. The heat transfer coefficient of the wall is only about 0.5ff/m2.k, which can meet the requirements of wind load in coastal and inland areas. Its structure has passed the tests of positive pressure of 5000P and negative pressure of 4500P p. This kind of external wall board contains mineral pigments of different colors, and can also be precoated with fluorocarbon coatings of various colors, which can be combined with the internal wall to form an external wall thermal insulation and decoration system. It is suitable for building construction in areas with hot summer and warm winter and hot summer and cold winter.

The construction process of asbestos-free fiber reinforced calcium silicate/cement board is a dry operation, and the speed is very fast. Everyone can finish the wall of 8㎡ on average every working day. Various pipes can be pre-installed in the wall cavity, and each board can be disassembled for maintenance. Walls can be decorated with paint, wallpaper, stones, ceramic pieces and metal pieces. Asbestos-free fiber reinforced calcium silicate board /7 clay-deficient board has been subjected to -3(TC+2(TC) freeze-thaw cycle for 25 times, and the quality is in good condition. Radioactivity detection belongs to safety level A, and its application is not restricted. The extracts of these plates passed the oral toxicity test of animals. It can be used in houses-the material of this board determines that its service life is similar to that of cement concrete. The disassembled plate can be recycled and crushed by the production unit and reused as raw materials.

According to the research results of China Building Materials Planning and Research Institute, this kind of plate belongs to low-carbon building materials. And the energy consumption of producing gypsum board with desulfurized gypsum; I'm nearby. There is no waste water discharged in the production process, and the wet and dry scraps can be recycled, which meets the sustainable development requirements of 1.

See JC/T564. 1-2008 Asbestos-free calcium silicate board and JC/T4 12. 1-2006 Asbestos-free fiber cement board for physical properties. For details of its application, please refer to the national standard GB50574-20 10 "Unified Technical Specification for the Application of Wall Materials", and you can also obtain the application technical manual from the enterprise.

Application example of ecological building materials wall products

If it is used for firewall (3h, 4h fire resistance time), choose low density board. High-density board can be used for external wall insulation. Because of their good weather resistance and high strength (flexural strength ÷ 20Mpa), these plates are also used for exterior wall curtain wall panels. Fair-faced wallboard, such as the low-density board for the external wall of Beijing Olympic National Stadium, can also be used for tunnel fire prevention system. These panels can protect the concrete structure and water, electricity and other pipelines in the tunnel (fire resistance time is 2.5h). In Guangzhou New TV Tower, the smoke exhaust duct system and fire-proof ceiling were built with low-density plates (the interior decoration of this project was designed by the Architectural Design and Research Institute of South China University of Technology).

When the factory produces MDF, the concave-convex pattern of wood grain is pressed on the surface to become a laminated board, which is used for the external wall of the building and protecting the internal wall of the building to achieve the effects of sound insulation, heat insulation, heat preservation and decoration. Asbestos-free calcium silicate/cement board is a new wall material encouraged by the state, and its application scope is not only used in public buildings and civil buildings, but also in industrial buildings. Such as furnace insulation and firewall construction. Corresponding components are also used in nuclear power industry and shipbuilding industry.

We think it is very necessary to use ecological building materials to support ecological green buildings, which is the material to establish the product standards and application norms of ecological building materials in China. However, there are still no building materials product standards and application technical specifications that meet the ecological requirements in China, such as the weather resistance specification test of plates, the revision of the regulations on the environmental impact of plates on the application site, the operation procedures for the termination of plate application and the dismantling and recycling. In addition, the identification and assessment of carbon footprint of this kind of plate in the whole life cycle should attract the attention of construction administrative departments at all levels, silicate society, architecture, building materials, scientific research, design research, logistics departments and industry associations.

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