(1) Glyphosate can competitively inhibit the action of the enzyme EPSPS in chloroplasts, which can catalyze the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. Therefore, the reason for the death of common soybean after glyphosate application is that the synthesis of protein on chloroplast thylakoid membrane is blocked, which leads to the damage of chloroplast structure and function.

(3) The common method to detect whether the target gene is integrated into the chromosome of the recipient cell is DNA molecular hybridization, or the DNA sequence on the chromosome of the recipient cell can be directly determined.

(4) Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation is a common method to introduce recombinant plasmid into recipient cells in genetic engineering, and soybean resistant buds introduced with recombinant plasmid should be screened on glyphosate-containing medium. Plant cells can form complete plants after culture, which shows that plant cells are totipotent.

(5) According to the data analysis in the table, with the increase of 6-BA concentration in the medium, the induction of resistant buds first increased and then decreased. The optimum concentration of 6-BA for inducing resistant buds was 2 mg/L, and the formation of resistant buds required dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. The principle was that plant cells were highly totipotent.

Therefore, the answer: (1) protein (2 points) thylakoid (2 points).

(3)DNA molecular hybridization (1)? DNA sequence (1)

(4) totipotency of Agrobacterium containing recombinant plasmid (1) and glyphosate (1) (2)

(5) Increase first and then decrease (2 points)? 2 mg/L (2 points) Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation (2 points)