Innovative design of extracurricular Chinese homework in primary schools

Just like in the process of Chinese teaching, teachers often complain that students' homework is not completed satisfactorily. One of the most important reasons is that homework is rigid and monotonous. Over time, homework gradually became a burden for students. Therefore, we should follow the principle of adapting to students' development and improving their quality, and creatively design some extracurricular assignments with various forms and novel contents from the age characteristics and actual situation of students, so as to improve students' listening, speaking, reading and writing thinking and comprehensive Chinese ability.

Keywords: primary school Chinese; Homework; Innovative design; Trial teaching

Chinese homework in primary schools is an important part of teaching activities and an indispensable link, which carries the task of stimulating students' learning motivation and interest, cultivating students' learning habits and developing students' thinking ability. However, for a long time, our homework mode is relatively simple, there are not many kinds of homework forms, the subject characteristics are obvious, and the answers are standardized, which restricts students' thinking activities. Then I will refer to my own Chinese teaching practice.

1. Inquiry homework: Cultivating students' independent inquiry spirit

Suhomlinski said, "People have a deep-rooted need to be a researcher, and this need is particularly strong in children's spiritual world." Teachers should believe that students have the same independent research and practical ability as adults, encourage them to do some "research", observe and think with the consciousness and attitude of researchers, find and collect information, read, refine their own views, and sort out articles such as: after learning from Zhao Zhouqiao, investigate the similarities and differences between local bridges and Zhao Zhouqiao; Looking for information about modern overpass, Shanghai Yangpu Bridge and Yangtze River Bridge, can you try to design it yourself? And write a brief introduction for the bridge you designed. After completing the homework of Zhao Zhouqiao, students not only gained knowledge about ancient and modern bridges, but also accumulated it through pictures and notes. If interested, they can even design a unique bridge in the world by themselves. When students think of introducing the bridge they designed, they must take pains to write this brief introduction. The observation, reading and expression of objective things are interrelated and form a whole, which not only promotes the combination of reading and writing, but also promotes the development of students.

For example, after studying & gt, carry out investigation and research on the topic of "complex relationship between things" and write it in the form of words. You can ask your favorite teacher. This is a homework with distinctive personality and originality that students have completed relatively independently through consulting materials in a period of time. In today's society, all kinds of information are dazzling. How to capture, collect and process information is the embodiment of people's comprehensive ability. Primary school Chinese should start from here, so that students can choose their own interesting research directions and learn to collect materials, organize materials and write "papers" by themselves. This kind of homework involves a wide range, which can be natural or social, and it is of positive significance to cultivate students' creative ability and innovative spirit. In this inquiry learning process, students will encounter all kinds of difficulties and setbacks, and their strong interest, thirst for knowledge and sense of responsibility will urge them to overcome them, so as to exercise their will and perseverance, enhance their self-confidence and gain a successful experience.

2. Emphasize the cultivation of interest and turn mechanical repetition into happy practice.

Traditional homework is simple in content and form, which requires students to write words or recite texts. Practice has proved that this method not only has a little effect on "taking exams", but also stifles students' interest in learning and trains them into homework machines. Today, when we are vigorously practicing the new curriculum standards, we can't take this old road any more. It is necessary to enrich the content and methods of homework, so that students can become the masters of homework and feel happy in homework practice. Tolstoy, Russia's greatest writer, put it well: "Successful teaching needs not coercion, but stimulating interest in learning." As an extension and expansion of Chinese classroom, homework must also focus on stimulating interest, turn mechanical repetition into happy exercises, and let students feel the joy of homework process and the joy brought by homework success. Therefore, we should try our best to reduce the single mechanical copying and rote learning, and change the boring and repetitive homework mode into diversified homework design, so that students can be trained in observation, practice, thinking and creativity while sublimating their knowledge, and develop their Chinese literacy on more platforms.

For example, after learning "Let's paddle", let students sing and dance; Learned the story-telling texts such as Slave Hero and Grass Boat Borrowing Arrows, and asked the students to rehearse plays and write scripts. After learning crow, drink water and do experiments. After learning The Poor, it should be said that these assignments for students' follow-up stories are more difficult than the regular copying exercises, but the completion is much better than expected. Students not only don't regard them as a burden, but finish them happily on time, and they are also different, creative and of good quality. Therefore, innovating homework design, paying attention to interesting design, paying equal attention to both hands and brains, and letting students draw a picture, sing, perform, do, say and finish homework in their favorite way not only stimulates students' strong interest in homework, but also develops students' various abilities, achieving homework goals and realizing homework significance.

3. Cultivate students' creativity, ask more questions and answer less.

Asking questions and posing difficult questions has become a very popular teaching mode. The process of students finding, asking and solving problems greatly improves students' abilities in all aspects. For a long time, students' homework is either copying or answering questions. In fact, we can let students ask questions to teachers, parents and classmates as homework. For example, compare which students' questions are valuable and which students' questions can make teachers and classmates "brain-racking" and embarrass them. For another example, after learning a new word class, go home and test your parents to see if they can read and write. If not, teach them. When students ask questions themselves, it is also a process of thinking. At the same time, their analytical and understanding ability will be improved and their learning speed will be accelerated, which will not only benefit others, but also benefit themselves. Why not? In this way, students are no longer passive "knowledge recipients" but become "pumps" of knowledge.

4. Homework design should pursue humanization.

The new curriculum standard points out that Chinese curriculum has rich humanistic connotation and has a profound influence on students' spiritual field, and text curriculum should pay attention to students' moral cultivation and aesthetic taste. Therefore, we should consider the humanity of homework when designing homework, and make every effort to increase students' knowledge and cultivate students' sentiment when completing homework. Now there are many stories of great men in Chinese textbooks, which are not only famous articles for students to read and write, but also mirrors for students to be human. We can design activities such as "Looking for Celebrity Footprints" and making "Who's Who's Who", so that students can collect stories, pictures and biographies of great men, celebrities and heroes, and we can also "talk about heroes and praise celebrities" in the form of "tabloids and class meetings". Only in this way can we draw strength from the example, get inspiration, find the "road sign" to advance on the road of life, and improve our comprehensive language ability.

In a word, the purpose of strengthening the innovative design of homework is to stimulate students' interest in learning and let them develop their Chinese ability willingly and actively in more Chinese practice, instead of letting teachers always lead them to learn Chinese. It is the best platform for the development of students' Chinese ability that students learn the method in class and benefit after class. When designing homework, let students return to life, tap their potential in practice and get development.

References:

Lu Zhiping. New Exploration of Chinese Curriculum, Northeast Normal University Press, published in 2002.

[2] Sun. 10 1 Suggestions for Chinese Teachers, Nanjing Normal University Press, published in 2003.

[3] Zhang Xiangzhu. Chinese curriculum and teaching theory in primary schools [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2009.

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