Defining the topic of the thesis is to determine the research goal and the main direction of the research. Candidates should pay attention to the following three points when choosing topics:

1, the topic size should be moderate. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill. Trying to make a mountain out of a molehill

2. Pay attention to innovation in research angle. Scientific research is to find problems. Without new problems, there would be no research, let alone innovation, and the paper would have no writing value. Therefore, only by studying and studying the problems that no one has studied before from a new angle, or analyzing and demonstrating the problems that have been discussed but have different views, can we draw distinctive conclusions and see new ideas.

3. Know yourself and yourself. On the topic selection, we should understand the existing scientific research achievements in this field, understand what problems others have solved and what problems still exist; Whether there is an argument, and what is the focus of the argument; The research in those fields is relatively weak, and the research in those fields needs to be developed. Only by knowing ourselves and ourselves can we avoid repetition and similarity.

Second, according to the topic, draw up the outline of the paper.

According to the topic of the paper, collect and find a lot of information comprehensively. You can get paper materials by searching all kinds of books in the library and computer files of intelligence agencies, and logging in, querying, browsing or reading a large number of files on the Internet. You can also conduct on-the-spot investigation through meetings, interviews, observation, statistics, demonstrations, experimental research and other methods to obtain information.

There are three main types of data collection: 1, the original data directly related to the topic; 2, others about the subject or related research materials; 3. Social, cultural, linguistic and historical background materials related to the theme.

To collect information, it is necessary to have both historical materials and realistic materials; There must be both positive and negative materials; There must be both flour and flour; Only by mastering the materials in an all-round way can we produce correct and original views and have a profound and thorough discussion.

In the case of sufficient materials, we need to sort out, analyze and compare. "Get rid of the rough and the fine, get rid of the false and keep the true" to scrutinize and screen the materials, leaving the most convincing materials that can reflect the essence. At the same time, we should refine and form our own views, that is, arguments, and clearly draw up the outline of the paper.

When forming an argument, we should pay attention to: 1, the argument should be clear and not vague, and the argument should be dialectical and not extreme; 2, the argument should be scientific and correct, and do not deviate from common sense and facts; 3, the argument should be accurate, not exaggerated, to prevent bias.

The outline of a paper can be a simple outline or a detailed outline. A simple outline is only a summary of the main points of the paper; A detailed outline is a detailed list of the main arguments and expanding parts of the paper, so as to complete the writing more smoothly.

Outline can be divided into three types: title type, abstract type and chart type. Common heading types are more commonly used. The main points of each part of the paper are summarized in the form of concise titles, which can be directly used as subheadings of each part of the paper.

Third, write the text

The text is the core part of the paper, occupying the main length of the paper, and is the process of raising and solving problems. It is the concentrated expression of the author's theoretical level and creative ability, which determines the level and quality of the paper.

The text of the paper generally includes three parts: introduction, theory and conclusion.

Introduction is the beginning of the paper. Mainly explain the motivation of research, the reason, purpose and significance of writing, ask questions, outline the content, and clarify the central argument. Generally, the language is required to be concise, straightforward and eye-catching. You can also briefly explain the process of topic selection and related background materials, so that readers can better understand the main idea of the full text.

This theory is the main body of the paper, which requires sufficient and powerful materials, clear viewpoints, strict logic and solid and rich content.

This paper is mainly to expand the topic, analyze and demonstrate the arguments, which is the central part of expressing the author's views and research results. In this part, candidates must make a positive argument according to the nature of the topic, or refute different views negatively, or solve unsolved problems of others, or discuss new ideas and discoveries. Argumentation is extremely important in this part, which determines the success or failure of the paper.

To write this part well, we should pay attention to the following points: 1. The argument is clear, novel, profound and serious. Whether argument is needed or not, the argument must be arguable. 2, the argument must be supported by materials, and there must be materials that can be used to prove its establishment. 3. Argumentative paper must choose different paper structure forms according to the needs of the topic, and different argumentative paper structure forms determine the structure of this part. 4. The logic of argument should be strict. A logical argument cannot be refuted by others.

The conclusion is a summary of the whole paper, and the overall conclusion is a comprehensive summary of the problems analyzed and demonstrated in the whole paper, which is the essence of the paper. The content mainly talks about what problems the research results have explained, what laws have been drawn, what innovations have been made, what theoretical and practical problems have been solved, and what shortcomings and doubts still exist. You can also look forward to your own and others' research in this area, and thank the relevant people. The conclusion should be complete and clear, not vague or ambiguous; This theory cannot be refuted, but should echo the introduction; The evaluation of achievements should be appropriate, and complacency or belittling others should not be used as an excuse; Language should be concise and neat.

Fourth, revise and finalize the document.

After the first draft of the text is written, candidates should revise it several times, scrutinize the whole paper line by line, sentence by sentence and paragraph by paragraph, and check whether every specific argument, argument and argument are appropriate and powerful and whether the expression is logical, so as to leave no doubt until it is truly convincing.

When checking and revising the first draft, we should pay attention to the following points: 1, consistency of arguments and topics; 2. Unity of ideas and materials; 3. The closeness of the paper's structural level and logical thinking; 4. Accuracy of language expression; 5. The correctness of punctuation marks in the article; 6, data, age, name and place name is accurate; Whether the cited notes and references are true and appropriate; Cover signature, whether the binding is neat and so on.

After repeated revisions, the paper should be submitted to the tutor for review and approval again, and the paper will not be completed until the tutor signs and agrees to finalize it.

Five, the basic format of graduation thesis

The basic format of the final graduation thesis is:

(1) Title of the paper.

(2) Name of the author.

(3) Summary of contents. Generally, it is a Chinese abstract, and if there is an English requirement, an English abstract should be attached. It is necessary to clearly introduce the key points around the research purpose, research methods, research results and conclusions. Generally, 200-300 words are used to summarize the essence of the whole paper.

(4) keywords. Also known as subject words, they are words or terms selected from papers to express the content information of the full text. Generally, a line of 3-8 words is used, and the font is prominent and arranged at the lower left of the abstract.

(5) the text. 1, introduction; 2. This theory; 3. Conclusion.

(6) References. The purpose of listing references at the back of the text of the paper is to show the author's scientific attitude and respect for the achievements of predecessors' labor, and also to make it convenient for readers to list a "thank you" before consulting the references.

After all the relevant parts of the paper have been copied, the cover should also be added. If the instructor has special requirements to list the outline of the paper, it should also be attached and bound into a book. Write the title of the paper, the examiner's school, the full name of the major, the instructor, the author's name and the completion time of the paper on the cover according to the prescribed format.