First, the key problems in the construction of deep foundation pit supporting technology in architectural engineering
1. The design of deep foundation pit supporting structure is unreasonable.
Because deep foundation pit support construction belongs to underground operation, comprehensive exploration should be carried out before construction. Including the detailed investigation of the water quality, geology, bearing capacity and the foundation of surrounding buildings, so as to provide a powerful reference for the design of supporting buildings. However, in the concrete construction, most construction units have the phenomenon of blind design, which is often reflected in the narrow scope of investigation of the nearby environment, resulting in the lack of data during design, resulting in the lack of sufficient realistic basis for the design scheme and great uncertainty, thus burying serious security risks.
2. Ignore the influence of groundwater on supporting engineering construction.
Because of the particularity of the supporting project, the underground hydrological conditions have a great influence on it. If the supporting project is soaked in water, it will lead to landslide settlement, which will make the supporting project unable to meet the construction requirements. Therefore, if the underground drainage work is not strictly done, it will easily lead to the occurrence of security risks in the support project. In addition, the hydrological conditions of groundwater in some construction areas can not be controlled humanely, and the phenomenon that supporting projects are affected by groundwater also exists.
3. Problems existing in earthwork excavation
Earthwork excavation is an important content of deep foundation pit support construction, and the quality of earthwork excavation directly affects the quality of support engineering. In the actual construction process, due to the complexity of earthwork excavation process, it is difficult to effectively coordinate its work, and it is easy to have problems such as chaotic excavation process, disorderly construction management, dangerous construction situation, delayed construction period and hasty construction progress, which seriously affects the construction quality of deep foundation pit support.
4. Problems existing in slope repair
Slope repair is an important prerequisite for the smooth construction of deep foundation pit support engineering. However, in concrete construction, due to the irregular operation of construction personnel or inadequate construction management, the problem of over-excavation or under-excavation often occurs. Therefore, in the construction of deep foundation pit support engineering, attention should be paid to the repair of slope.
5. There is a big gap between the construction process and the construction design.
Strictly speaking, the construction process of deep foundation pit support engineering should be consistent with the construction design. However, in actual construction, there is still a big gap between the construction process and the construction design. For example, in the process of cement mixing, the parameters are often different from the design scheme, which directly affects the supporting strength of cement soil and is prone to cracks. In addition, the phenomenon of cutting corners in the construction process occurs from time to time, which also restricts the improvement of the construction quality of deep foundation pit support in construction projects to a certain extent.
Second, the improvement measures of deep foundation pit supporting technology in building engineering
1, improve the preparation work before construction.
First of all, before the official start of construction, the elevation of the construction site and the excavation depth of the deep foundation pit should be comprehensively checked, and the geological conditions of the construction site, the burial conditions of surrounding roads and pipelines, the types of nearby buildings and the specific burial depth should be investigated in detail. In the process of construction, once the actual geological conditions, survey report, construction site layout and construction technology are found to be inconsistent with the construction design scheme, the designer should be informed at the first time and adjusted accordingly in time.
2. Strictly control the water sealing effect of deep foundation pit soil.
In the construction process of deep foundation pit support in building engineering, soil water stopping in deep foundation pit is a very key content. In order to make an effective water stop scheme, the source of groundwater should be investigated in detail first. According to the different sources of groundwater, it can be divided into rainwater, diving, upper stagnant water, pipeline seepage and confined water. Because of the different sources of groundwater, its influence on supporting engineering is also different. Therefore, when making the water cut-off plan, we should have clear priorities. For example, rain, diving and water accumulation in the upper layer are easily affected by dry season and rainy season, and the water level will change accordingly. Therefore, when making the corresponding water-stop scheme, we should focus on drainage, drainage and precipitation, and combine the surrounding environmental factors to make a targeted water-stop scheme. If there are buildings near the construction site, plugging should be given priority to, supplemented by pumping, so as to reduce building sinking accidents caused by quicksand, loss and piping of foundation pit land.
3. Strengthen the management of earthwork excavation.
Earthwork excavation is the first and key link of deep foundation pit support construction in building engineering. After earthwork excavation, it should be transported away from the construction site in time to keep the traffic on the construction site smooth and ensure the normal construction process. In addition, the construction management of earthwork excavation site should be strengthened to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of construction personnel. If the underground pipeline is found damaged during earthwork excavation, the construction shall be stopped immediately and reported to the superior management department, and the construction shall not be continued until the problem is properly handled.
4, soil nailing construction
Land support construction mainly uses the interaction between soil nails and soil to reinforce the slope, which can effectively maintain the integrity and stability of soil. The deformation of soil is mainly affected by tension and bending moment. Therefore, the following matters should be paid attention to in the process of soil nailing support construction: ① First, please ask a qualified third party to carry out soil nailing pull-out test to ensure that the actual pull-out force of soil nailing meets the requirements of relevant standards, and at the same time, correctly control the grouting intensity and grouting quantity. (2) According to the total length of the drilling rig, correctly calculate the actual hole depth and mark it. (3) In strict accordance with the requirements of the construction scheme, accurately grasp the water-cement ratio of the slurry and the types and mathematics of additives, and use gravity to complete the grouting operation until it is full. In addition, slurry needs to be replenished before initial setting, which is generally 1~2 times.
5, master the technical essentials of deep foundation pit support construction.
First of all, in the support construction of deep foundation pit, the load type of construction technology should be ensured to ensure the stability of soil around the foundation pit and improve the stability of underground structure of buildings. Secondly, it is necessary to ensure that the construction designers have high professional quality and practical experience, and accurately grasp the hydrological characteristics of the construction area when formulating the construction plan. Thirdly, optimize the construction technology of deep foundation pit support, and keep the construction cost as simple as possible on the basis of quality and quantity. For the problems encountered in construction, construction personnel should communicate with designers in time, negotiate effective solutions, and repeatedly verify the mirror image.
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