First, the original design intention is different: the original design intention of the 64-bit operating system is to meet the needs of customers who need a lot of memory and floating-point performance in mechanical design and analysis, three-dimensional animation, video editing and creation, scientific computing and high-performance computing applications. In other words, to put it simply, it is the operating platform for high-tech personnel to use the industry-specific software. The 32-bit operating system is designed for ordinary users.
Second, the addressing ability is different: the advantage of 64-bit processor is also reflected in the system's control of memory. Because addresses use special integers, ALU (arithmetic logic operators) and registers can handle larger integers, that is, larger addresses. For example, the x64 version of Windows Vista supports 128 GB memory and 16 TB virtual memory at most, while the 32-bit CPU and operating system can only support 4G memory at most.
Third, the configuration is different: 64-bit operating system can only be installed on 64-bit computers (CPU must be 64-bit). At the same time, 64-bit common software needs to be installed to give full play to the best performance of 64-bit (x64). A 32-bit operating system can be installed on a 32-bit (32-bit CPU) or 64-bit (64-bit CPU) computer. Of course, the 32-bit operating system is installed on a 64-bit computer, and its hardware is like a "big horse-drawn car": 64-bit efficiency will be greatly reduced.
Fourth, the running speed is different: the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit systems is complicated. Here, we must first understand the architecture technology of CPU. Usually we can see signs of X86 and X64 on computer hardware. In fact, these are two different CPU hardware architectures. X86 stands for 32-bit operating system and x64 stands for 64-bit operating system. So what does "bit" mean between 32 bits and 64 bits? Compared with 32-bit technology, this bit number of 64-bit technology means that the data width of CPU GPRS (general register) is 64 bits, and the 64-bit instruction set is an instruction to run 64-bit data, which means that the processor can run 64-bit data at a time. Give a simple but not particularly accurate example: the throughput of 32 bits is 1M, and the throughput of 64 bits is 2M. That is, theoretically, the performance of a 64-bit system is 1 times higher than that of a 32-bit system.
Fifth, the popularity of software is different: at present, 64-bit commonly used software is much less than 32-bit commonly used software. The reason is simple: relatively few users use the 64-bit operating system. Therefore, software developers must consider the "input-output ratio" and put limited funds into the software of more users. This is also an important reason why 64-bit software is relatively expensive.