Keywords: quarry; Bian Xi village; Environmental effect
1 Introduction
At present, a large number of quarries are overloaded in pursuit of economic benefits, regardless of environmental impact, and some are even located in water source protection areas. After the stone mining of the project is completed, it has a negative impact on the surrounding natural landscape, destroying the continuity and coordination of the landscape, increasing the disorder and fragmentation of the vision, destroying the aesthetic feeling and affecting the health of the people. The impact and harm of quarries on the environment are becoming more and more serious, which seriously threatens the environmental quality and attracts more and more attention.
The influence of quarry mining is mainly manifested in two aspects: the changes of regional natural environment and social environment. Changes to the natural environment include: (1) damage to the ecological environment; (2) Impact on geology and geomorphology; (3) the impact of blasting vibration and noise on the environment; (4) Impact on air quality. The impact on the social environment mainly includes: (1) the impact on the economy; (2) Influence on regional culture; (3) Impact on traffic; (4) Influence on human health.
The mountains in the West Village of Xuanwei City are generally not high. Local farmers mainly rely on farming for a living, and their income is very limited. Due to the profitable demand for stone in recent years, with the consent of the government, quarries have blossomed everywhere in this area. Most quarries can start construction only by a stone crusher, several boxes and a simple shed. Although some quarries are close to residential areas, they start construction day and night, without considering the impact on the surrounding residents. The mining process is more extensive, the mountain has changed beyond recognition, gravel soil can be seen everywhere, and the whole quarry is completely shrouded in dust and fog. Over-exploitation leads to more and more serious soil erosion and landscape damage.
Therefore, it is very urgent and important to analyze the environmental impact in this area and put forward constructive countermeasures and measures. This is not only conducive to a clear understanding of the environmental impact caused by quarries, but also conducive to improving people's awareness of protecting their hometown environment and realizing a virtuous circle of quarry economy. It can also provide some reference for the environmental protection decision-making of rural grass-roots organizations, and form a certain dynamic support for the healthy development of quarrying industry in this area, which has certain practical significance.
1. 1 Significance and purpose of topic selection
Based on my field investigation, personal experience and the true portrayal of local farmers, this paper makes a preliminary analysis on the influence of limestone mining area on the living environment and economic development of the surrounding people, and analyzes and discusses the general situation and influence scope of the quarry, so as to make people have a clear understanding of the influence caused by the quarry, improve people's awareness of protecting their hometown environment, realize a virtuous circle of the quarry economy and implement sustainable development. At the same time, through the research of this topic, it may also provide corresponding reference for rural grass-roots organizations to make environmental protection decisions, and form certain power support for the healthy development of quarrying industry in this area.
1.2 research status at home and abroad
Research status of 1.2. 1 in China
At present, the research on the environmental impact of quarry mining abroad is relatively in-depth. They make comments from different aspects and make corresponding assumptions and predictions. On the one hand, they improve economic benefits while implementing environmental improvement and protection, on the other hand, they implement the mining strategy of sustainable development.
1.2.2 Domestic research status
At present, China's quarries are facing very serious problems of ecological environment degradation and landscape destruction, which have attracted the attention of governments at all levels and relevant experts. With the rapid development of urban and rural construction, the scale of real estate and urban infrastructure construction has been expanding, the demand for stone materials has increased sharply, and the number of quarries has also surged. On the one hand, quarries meet the needs of urban construction and development to a great extent; On the other hand, quarrying has caused great damage to the ecological environment. However, in order to reduce investment, the vertical quarrying faces with different heights left by the quarry are still messy even after the quarry is closed. Patch? , seriously damaged the surrounding natural landscape and ecological environment. In order to effectively curb the adverse impact and damage of quarries on urban and rural environment, it is urgent to strengthen the planning and management of quarries and take ecological restoration measures. Therefore, research and regulation should be carried out from the perspective of ecological environment protection and management. On the one hand, while meeting the demand of stone mining, the local economic development can be promoted to the maximum extent by improving the technical level; On the other hand, strengthen management and renovation, enhance people's awareness of environmental protection, and minimize the impact on the surrounding ecological environment and people's living environment while mining.
1.2.3 comments on the above situation
The impact of quarry mining on the environment should really arouse people's vigilance. People should pay more attention to its more serious consequences for future development while seeking temporary economic development benefits. In the process of mining, we should attach importance to environmental management and protection, implement sustainable development, strengthen publicity and education, make every citizen realize that it is everyone's responsibility to protect the environment of limestone mining areas, and strive to truly turn limestone mining into a characteristic growth point of regional economy.
2 research methods
2. 1 research ideas
Under the guidance of the teacher, determine the research direction, combine your actual investigation situation and related materials, consult and collect relevant materials in the school library and online, draw up the outline of the paper, write the first draft under the guidance of the instructor, and carefully revise it until it is finalized.
2.2 Main research methods
Investigation and analysis research method: consult and collect relevant literature, combine your own actual investigation, further think, analyze and study on the basis of previous studies, and write a paper under the guidance of teachers.
3 Discussion and analysis
3. 1 Overview of research fields
Bian Xi Village is located in the south of Xuanwei City (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2). The township government is located at an altitude of 1959 meters, which is 7 kilometers away from Xuanwei city/kloc-0. Bian Xi Village Committee is located at 10 1? 7"3 1? , 26 north latitude? 1"3 1? . The terrain is slightly triangular, with Xujiashan in the north and Xiaoyunshan in the south. The terrain is relatively high, and the east and west are relatively open and flat. This area belongs to the Lieshan system in the east of Wumeng Mountain, and the east-west low mountain is cut into small slab dams. Located in the north subtropical zone, it belongs to the monsoon climate of the south temperate plateau, with relatively concentrated rainfall and distinct dry and wet conditions, and the annual average temperature is 13.4℃. The rivers in the territory belong to the Pearl River system, and the Xihe River is a tertiary tributary of Beipanjiang River, which flows into Qiantun Reservoir at Hongqiao. The soil is mainly red soil, followed by purple soil. The vegetation belongs to the north subtropical plateau type, and the main vegetation is coniferous mixed Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus armandii and a small amount of broad-leaved forest, with a forest coverage rate of 39% 1. The parent rock in this area is mainly carbonate rock, and the vegetation herbs in the abandoned quarry area are mostly Artemisia and Setaria, and the shrubs are mostly Vitex negundo, with a few dwarf trees, such as Ailanthus altissima.
The total population of Bian Xi Village is 5 1, 2 1, and the cultivated land area is 4,978 mu. The soil is relatively poor, with low and medium yield fields accounting for 80% and per capita cultivated land area of 0.97 mu. The population density is relatively high, carrying 356 people per 1km2, which is the area with relatively high population density in Xuanwei. Agricultural production is mainly based on planting food crops, and the development scale of forestry, animal husbandry and by-fishing is small and the benefits are low. In 2005, the per capita net income was 2987 yuan, of which agricultural income accounted for more than 70%. Generally speaking, this village is a typical agricultural village [1].