Investigation time: 2011121to 12 6.

Survey object: Left-behind children in this town.

Survey methods: questionnaire survey, interview, etc.

Objective: What is the current situation of left-behind children? What is the root of the present situation of left-behind children? What are the outstanding problems among left-behind children? How to solve it? In view of these problems, with all kinds of confusion, we conducted this survey. Through the investigation and analysis of the existing problems in the survival education of left-behind children in rural areas, this paper finds out the reasons and puts forward constructive suggestions.

Investigation plan:

1, interview, talk with left-behind children and their guardians, interview some schools where left-behind children are concentrated, conduct detailed investigations on related issues, and obtain first-hand information.

2. Organize information, rationally analyze and think about the interview content, consult relevant materials, form a social practice investigation report, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to solve problems to families, schools, social levels and the government.

Abstract: Left-behind children in rural areas are not only family problems, but also social problems concerned by all walks of life. By using the questionnaire of rural left-behind children, this paper makes a sample survey and field visit to rural left-behind children in Wantouqiao Town, Wugang City, analyzes their family life, study and ideological status quo, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems from the aspects of family, school, society and government.

Keywords:: Investigation of Rural Left-behind Children in Wugang City

I. Research background

At present, there are 65.438+0.2 billion farmers working and doing business in cities all the year round in China, resulting in more than 43.9 million "left-behind children" under the age of 65.438+0.4. Among them, there are nearly 20 million left-behind children in rural areas of China. Our city is a big exporter of rural labor force, and the problem of left-behind children in rural areas caused by population mobility has become a social problem that cannot be ignored in our city. The total population of our city is 8 10000, including children 198500, rural children 1 1.9 10000, and most of them are left-behind children. Taking Wantouqiao Town in Wugang City as an example, the present situation of left-behind children was investigated. More than 6 1% of migrant workers in wantouqiao town, and only a few migrant workers take their children to work.

Second, the process and results of the investigation

(A) the investigation process

1, preparation stage

(1) Develop a questionnaire

(2) Identify researchers and conduct relevant training for researchers.

(3) Make a questionnaire. ① For the masses (making 200 copies) and ② for left-behind children (making 400 copies).

(4) Making publicity materials about left-behind children.

2. Implementation stage

(1) Grouping survey-5- 10 people in each group, and go to different directions for investigation.

(2) Division of labor in each group-one person speaks, one person takes photos, and others record (the specific situation depends on the actual investigation.

3. Summary stage

65438+Summarize achievements, gains, experiences, papers and other research achievements before February 6th.

(ii) Findings

Through the investigation of the survival and education of left-behind children, we find that there are many universal problems in the survival and education of left-behind children. Looking at the essence through the phenomenon, the lack of the three major mechanisms of rural family, school and society is the key to the above problems, which is specifically manifested in:

1, in life: lack of parental affection.

Most guardians are elderly people, so it is not convenient to move and it is difficult to take care of children. Three meals are hard to cook, and children's clothes are hard to wash. Some old people have to take three or four children, looking at their thin bodies, one child in their left hand and one child in their right hand, which is really chilling.

Few left-behind children take care of themselves, or their brothers and sisters take care of their younger brothers and sisters. But occasionally, because children are young and have weak ability to do things, they have to bear the burden of managing themselves, managing their siblings and handling housework. These left-behind children are basically in a state of laissez-faire

2. In learning: less involved in learning.

Left-behind children are often fostered in grandmothers, grandmothers and other elderly people's homes. And they are all intergenerational supervision. The age difference between grandparents and grandchildren is more than 40 years old, and their concepts are quite different. In addition, grandparents are uneducated and even illiterate, so it is difficult to guide their grandchildren to study normally and their educational level is low. They can't help children solve learning problems and effectively manage the life and study of left-behind children. Even if one parent is at home, because the father or mother who stays at home is responsible for housework and field work, they have little time to pay attention to their children's study and have relatively little guidance on their study. The guardians of left-behind children are mostly farmers with low education level, and the heavy farm work at ordinary times does not attach importance to children's learning, which leads to the lack of hard constraints for children. In addition, insufficient investment in school education, especially in small teaching points in rural areas, can not solve deeper problems in teaching.

3. In the psychological aspect: correctly guide the lack.

Left-behind children are lax and go their own way on weekdays, and some students behave strangely and are immature and mature. The communication between students is uncivilized and the language is vulgar. About 30% students have the mantra of "Laozi". Some left-behind students have poor self-care ability, untidy clothes, messy clothes and messy hair. The behavior anomie of left-behind children is related to the upbringing of left-behind children by guardians. Most left-behind children are taken care of by grandparents, lacking the care of their parents. Over time, they have psychological barriers and personality defects. In addition, relatives dare not be strict with the custody of the left-behind children they accept, for fear of accidents, inability to do work, little or no questions about the children's behavior, only care about the children's food and clothing, let the children develop freely, and just want to give the parents of the left-behind children a complete person, and everything is fine. Long-term laissez-faire also makes it easy for left-behind children to commit crimes, and the crime rate of left-behind children is increasing year by year.

Third, the analysis of the investigation status quo

In the questionnaire of social adults:

(1) In the survey, the question "Do you know what is left-behind children in rural areas?" . Know 20%; I don't know, accounting for 30%. I have a little impression, but I don't know the details, accounting for 50%. Therefore, the government and the media should play an active guiding role, promote the whole society to have a deep concern and understanding of this issue, and give more care and help to left-behind children with the help of the whole society.

(2) In the survey, the root cause of the problem of left-behind children is the poverty and backwardness of rural families and the obvious gap between urban and rural areas. Therefore, most rural families go out to work in order to improve their living standards, and live apart from their children all the year round, lacking psychological communication and emotional contact.

(3) The masses are willing to have a deep understanding and cognition of the problem of left-behind children. The masses believe that the government should play a leading role in the problem of left-behind children, which is the fundamental solution to the problem of left-behind children.

The problems reflected by the questionnaire survey of left-behind children themselves;

1, left-behind children are big. 42.4% of parents go out to work; 57.5% of parents go out to work. In fact, 59% of them are not directly supervised by their parents, and 80% of them are "left-behind children" whose parents go out to work. These children lack the care of their parents, and of course, there is a great possibility of lack of personality development. Especially in their management and living arrangements, they lack due care and love. Many of their problems are not solved in time, which affects their own development, schools and society.

2. Guardianship cannot be implemented. The survey results show that grandparents' guardianship accounts for 77.9%; Other relatives and friends and others (unsupervised) accounted for 2 1. 1%. Parental guardianship, first, the psychological generation gap is too deep, it is difficult for grandparents to communicate, second, grandparents are too spoiled and obedient, and third, there is no educational concept; After a long period of supervision by relatives, the children are more or less at fault. As long as relatives criticize and blame, they may have psychological barriers and even serious conflicts; Without supervision, these children are not only insecure, but many things may go wrong because of uncertainty.

3. Parents' affection is weak. 14% of left-behind children have no contact with their parents, and 54% have no fixed contact; Frequent telephone conversations with parents accounted for12.5%; Only 46% of my parents will call me frequently. It is also found in the survey that 8 1% do not want their parents to go out to work; 49% left-behind children feel insecure without their parents. Parental care is irreplaceable. It shows that parents communicate less with left-behind children, let alone give their children proper family education. In this way, children feel that they have no foundation, no dependence, no autonomy and no purpose, such as fallen leaves in the air, and they are often at a loss.

4. Do housework passively. 90% left-behind children have done housework, but they are all passive, so most of them are tired of housework. This has brought psychological depression and concrete difficulties to the left-behind children.

5. The study pressure is great. 84% of the left-behind children feel stressed and tired of learning; 36.3% of left-behind children obviously indicated that their academic performance was not good; There are 56% people who can't help with their studies. Originally, proper pressure was conducive to learning, but the pressure of left-behind children came from many aspects, and the other was too much pressure. In this case, if no one guides him in time, it is possible that the pressure will increase and affect his study and life.

6. The psychological pressure is too great. 22.6% often feel lonely; 3 1% was troubled by family. From this point of view, the lack of family care and love is very serious. It can be seen from the survey that 36.5% students can't communicate with their parents often, which has a great influence on the formation and development of their personality and psychology. 63.7% students just make a few phone calls or write a few letters, which is far from meeting the requirements of family education. More than 60% left-behind children said that they can't cook, can't wash clothes, can't make up their minds, and miss their parents. Left-behind children feel uncomfortable in life, accounting for 2 1%, and lonely and helpless, accounting for 63%. Some left-behind children should not only take care of themselves, but also make arrangements for their siblings, grandparents and in-laws, and handle their own affairs at home. If you can't get it, your classmates don't understand; Sometimes they are discriminated against by others. Child psychology tells us that after puberty, children have a sense of independence, but after all, they lack experience and ability and still have a strong dependence on their parents. However, these left-behind children can't cook and wash clothes, can't make up their minds, miss their parents, feel lonely, disappointed and upset, are not understood and discriminated against, and even worry about their future life. Obviously, the burden of left-behind children who are also 12 years old is definitely overloaded.

In the interview, we asked the left-behind children "what are the problems they are facing now", and 78%, 82% and 86% of them chose "nobody to take care of their lives", "nobody to say when they are wronged" and "not in harmony with their caregivers" respectively. The proportion of "parents come back early" has also reached 70%.

Four. Suggestions on caring for left-behind children

In view of the social problem of left-behind children, we put forward the following suggestions to families, schools and society respectively:

1, family:

(1) Remind family members to be in place and change the way parents go out. If both parents go out, it will have a greater impact on their children's academic performance. However, if one of them is at home, the impact will be much smaller. It is suggested that when parents go out to work, if their children have already gone to school and there is no reliable guardian, they will stay at home to monitor their children's study and life. At the same time, to improve the level of guardianship, it is necessary to raise education.

(2) Change the communication way between parents. Communication time: Make sure to call your child once a week and communicate with your child once. If possible, come back once in the middle of a semester and pick up the children during the winter and summer vacations. Content of communication: We should not only talk about study and exams, but also pay attention to their psychology, physiology and emotions, and their thoughts, ideas and actions. Communication mode: In addition to telephone contact, you can also use letters. In our investigation, we found that many left-behind children like to keep diaries, through which they can express and vent their inner secrets and dissatisfaction. If they communicate by mail, their children can talk to their parents.

2. School:

(1) Establish and improve the "parent school" mechanism. In the study time, we can combine busy farming with leisure, and in the teaching mode, we can adopt the mode of combining point with surface; In the form of activities, lectures and activities can be combined; In terms of assessment methods, we can adopt a unified way of written examination and oral examination. Through various methods and channels, we can change parents' educational concepts, improve the quality of education, and narrow the communication distance between left-behind children and their parents.

(2) Schools should establish personal files of left-behind children, implement dynamic management, classify and manage them according to their different characteristics such as personality and family, establish growth record cards, strengthen contact with parents, and pay more attention to life and psychology. In terms of contact with parents, we can highlight children's learning situation, psychological state, teachers' suggestions and family education knowledge propaganda through telephone, internet and letters. Schools should establish "left-behind children in Children's Home" and "paternalism" for teachers, implement closed management for all "left-behind children", reduce the time for children to be alone, avoid the phenomenon that some children contact unhealthy teenagers in society, and feel at home at school.

(3) Schools should make full use of effective resources and increase psychological education for left-behind children. Schools should offer all courses, and teachers should pay more attention to students' psychology, thoughts, living conditions, health and study. Through colorful extracurricular activities, left-behind children get more care and help from schools and teachers. Set up a love phone and email address to facilitate left-behind children to contact their parents; Regularly provide left-behind students with school supplies, books and other material help. At the same time, the school is equipped with full-time psychological counseling teachers to educate and guide left-behind children with family function deficiency. Use more advanced role models to guide their progress, improve their awareness of moral growth, and let left-behind children have better family and education compensation.

3. Social aspects:

(1) Increase investment in education. Run boarding schools well and improve the software and hardware environment of schools.

(2) Purify the educational environment. Internet cafes, game halls and billiards rooms around the school must be resolutely stopped and banned.

(3) Strengthen social care. First, set up a fund to help some poor families. The second is to provide a good background environment for migrant workers and solve the education problem of their children. Third, give full play to the role of the work committee, the Women's Federation and the Youth League Committee, organize cadres and workers, social volunteers to pair up with left-behind students, and employ local old teachers and veteran cadres as off-campus voluntary counselors to educate and guide their healthy growth. Fourth, qualified administrative villages and natural villages should set up libraries, activity rooms and other activity places to give left-behind children a place to play. Fifth, vigorously develop the local economy. Therefore, the government should do everything possible to increase the income of villagers and take measures to make them rich in many ways, so that villagers can find ways to earn money without leaving their hometown.

The phenomenon of "left-behind children" is a new thing in China after the reform and opening up, and it is a microcosm of the progress of our country and nation. It is not enough to rely solely on the education and management of school teachers, which needs the attention of the whole society. Only with the joint efforts of school, family and society can they grow up safely and healthily. We call on schools, families and society to form a sense of * * * and pay attention to left-behind students.

Chapter II: Investigation Report on Left-behind Children

First, the purpose of the investigation:

I hope this survey can provide some reference materials and help for children in Rucheng to solve the problem of left-behind children.

Second, the survey form:

Questionnaire survey, home visit and one-on-one communication for left-behind children

Third, investigate the participating organizations and personnel:

Rucheng college student contact promotion association

He Xinshun, Ou, Zhu,,, Ou Touhong, Zhu Jingmin, Zhu, Deng Wenzi, Zhu Xianfeng, Zhu Lijuan, He Rong, Zhu Chenxing, Zhu Jian 'an, Hu Yunke, Hu Zhigang, Yuan Asu.

Four. Time, place and respondents:

2011July 28th-2011August 2nd.

Hu' nan province rucheng county maqiao town shiquancun nursery hope primary school

85 left-behind children out of 250 students in Hope Primary School of Shiquan Kindergarten.

Research content of verb (abbreviation of verb);

This teaching activity organized by Rucheng University Students' Contact Promotion Association has enrolled 250 students, including 85 left-behind children, accounting for 34% of the total number of students.

1. First of all, members of Rucheng Association for Promoting College Students' Contact conducted a questionnaire survey on 85 left-behind children in Shiquan Nursery Primary School in Maqiao Township, and a total of 85 questionnaires were sent out, with a recovery rate of 100%.

The following data are obtained from the survey:

Survey questions, survey results, survey percentage%

How often do you usually contact your parents? Rarely contact 39.9

How long has it been since you met your parents?

How often do you want your parents to contact you?

Do you miss going out to work and often miss 76.7 parents?

Who do you want to talk to most? Parents 77.4

Who do you want to live with? Parents 70.0

Have you ever been bullied while your parents were working? No or very little.

If you are bullied by others, what are the reasons? Others deliberately provoke 45.5.

Do you like group activities? I like 80.0.

Do you like making friends? I like 93.4.

What kind of people do you like to make friends with?

Do you like school? I like 90.7.

Are you satisfied with your present study? It's 6 1.8

Is there anyone in your family to help you with your studies? Yes, part of it.

What is your wish? I hope my parents can earn a lot of money and go home as soon as possible.

Learning attitude: I hope my parents can help me and win honor for my parents.

What I want to say to my parents most is similar to "Mom and Dad come back early" 99.0.

Who do you want to help your parents when you encounter difficulties in your study and life?

What do you want to do in the future to make money?

2. Secondly, Rucheng college students contact members of the Association for Promotion to make home visits to left-behind children. There are 85 left-behind children, the number of home visits is 6 1, and the home visit rate is 7 1.8%.

Among the left-behind children, the "single parent" guardianship type accounts for the vast majority, as well as grandparents or relatives and friends.

The main characteristics are: imperfect care, lack of fatherly love or maternal love, resulting in the lack of fatherly love or maternal love. Left-behind children are at the age of care and supervision, and problems will inevitably arise without supervision.

Left-behind children rarely contact their parents, 49.7% have not seen their parents for half a year, 22.2% have not seen their parents for one year, 10% have not seen their parents for more than two years. Left-behind children lack affection, guardians are mostly illiterate or semi-illiterate, and there is a big gap between their concepts and their grandchildren, so it is difficult to communicate. According to the Guardian, children generally don't open their hearts to communicate with them. Some guardians have to do farm work and have no energy to take care of their children. In addition, they lack scientific knowledge of family education, often only meet the needs of material life, and lack the correct guidance of spiritual morality. Guardians usually put children's safety first, followed by academic performance and material satisfaction, and pay less attention to children's behavioral habits and psychological and spiritual needs.

According to some parents, some primary school teachers are not high enough, and some teachers often belittle their children's performance in school in front of their parents. This is very serious. On the one hand, children's confidence is hit; In both cases, parents can't understand their children correctly, and the resulting extreme psychology puts pressure on their children in an inappropriate way. Lead to children's rebellious psychology and form a vicious circle.