Keywords: urban and rural life, thoughts, feelings, aesthetic fashion Abstract: Zhang Zeduan used rigorous and meticulous brushwork to show the scenery along the Bianhe River in the Qingming period, and artistically reproduced all aspects of urban social life in the Song Dynasty with popular and realistic methods. It is an outstanding painting with high historical document value. This paper describes the living conditions of citizens in Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the bustling scenes of shops and citizens on the Bianhe River, and depicts the busy scenes of oil tankers carrying grain, rice and goods from the southeast passing through the bridges and culverts on the Bianhe River. Text: After this period of study, as a student of art design department, I have learned more about art after learning art and after learning art appreciation this semester. After careful consideration, I decided to appreciate and analyze the line Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.
One of the most important phenomena in the Song Dynasty painting circle is the establishment of academy painting and literati painting. Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival belongs to genre painting. Genre painting reflects the life, thoughts, feelings and aesthetic fashion in urban and rural areas, and expands the vision from depicting noble immortals to the vast world of urban and rural life. On the basis of in-depth observation and understanding of the object, the vivid and concrete description shows the achievements of the development of genre painting in Song Dynasty. The panoramic composition of Zhang Zeduan's Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival shows the scenery along the Bianhe River in the Northern Song Dynasty in the Qingming period with rigorous and meticulous brushwork. This picture is divided into three parts: the first part is suburban scenery, fields, trees, villages and so on. It is pointed out that in the specific season of Qingming Festival, the Bianhe River with Hongqiao as the center is interrupted by car and boat transportation, handicrafts and commercial activities on both sides, and the second section is the street view of the city, which is criss-crossed, crowded and prosperous. The author reproduces all aspects of urban social life in Song Dynasty with popular and realistic methods. It's not just a painting. As a masterpiece of this period, The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival has been seen, appreciated and even copied by many people. At present, most of the riverside paintings on the Qingming Festival are basically imitations, because as famous paintings, the original works are hard to find, and for those painters and collectors who especially like to collect paintings, many people will still buy those high-end imitations. Moreover, there are many cross-stitches on the Qingming Festival, so many people will buy them, which will also improve people's appreciation level. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is one of the most famous paintings in the history of China. Because there are many replicas and many ways of reproduction, most ordinary people also have collections. Some people use its replica as a wall decoration, which is very eye-catching and elegant; For the convenience of sale, some large porcelain vases produced in China often draw a picture of the riverside at Qingming Festival. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is dedicated to Song Huizong and has been circulated for more than 800 years. Its theme is mainly to describe the living conditions of citizens in Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, the bustling scene of shops and citizens on the Bianhe River, and the busy scene of tankers carrying grain, rice and goods from the southeast passing through the bridges and culverts on the Bianhe River. The work is magnificent, with a length of 528.7 cm and a width of 24.8 cm. There are 587 people with different identities, all of whom have both form and spirit. There are 13 kinds of animals and 9 kinds of plants, all of which are lifelike. There are 56 livestock, more than 20 cars and more than 20 ships of different sizes. This masterpiece of realism is a precious historical material for studying the economic and social life of Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty. This picture scroll is a part of the capital chosen by the artist, and it is described in detail, just like a slice in a live video. From the vegetable garden in the outer city to the most prosperous area in the inner city, visitors can enjoy themselves. Now, whenever a volume of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is exhibited to the public in the Palace Museum, the front of the showcase is always crowded with spectators, who walk slowly in line and watch with interest, constantly exclaiming in their mouths. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival attracts the audience's artistic charm, which is not only magnificent and superb in realistic skills, but also excellent in detail description. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival vividly records the urban life of China in the12nd century, which is unique in the painting history of China and even the world.
Zhang Zeduan has rich life accumulation and skillful creative skills. He extended his brush to the lives of people from all walks of life, so he created a very vivid social genre painting describing urban and rural life. We saw that he painted a large number of various characters, and he portrayed the movements and expressions of each character very vividly. Although the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival depicts a real scene, it is not a one-day scene, but an impression synthesis after long-term observation, that is, many real details are fused together to form a grand whole. First of all, the right end of the picture is unfolded, that is, the right bank of the river. Wilderness, Woods, roads, bridges, boats, running water, farmhouses, gardens, donkey teams carrying things, sedan chairs on the river, people following behind, foreign caravans leaving Beijing and so on. Slowly come into our sight. From the map of outer suburbs, we can see the importance of "going to the river" in people's lives. At the inner side of the gate at the end of the picture scroll, there are businessmen driving the camel team to carry the goods away, donkey carts and donkey teams are loading the goods, several businessmen have packed the goods, and the accountant is checking out the customers. It echoes the arrival of the goods into the city at the beginning of the picture scroll. The main correspondence between the two ends of the scroll is that there are the most natural landscapes at the beginning and the most human landscapes at the end, which are isomorphic and become a complete expression of the theme of "Shanghe". In the middle of the painting are boats, buildings and people on both sides of the Bianhe River. This part began to concentrate on the right bank and the left bank near Hongqiao. After crossing Hongqiao, Bianhe began to turn right and upward until it was outside the painting, which reminded people of Li Bai's vast scene of "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds". Careful observation shows that almost all the ships in the picture are ascending. The reason why the painter focuses on describing the ships going upstream should be because the ships going upstream can better show the difficulty of walking and the tension and struggle of the boatman. Although the author mainly describes the real scene, it can be seen that it is not purely realistic. Further to the left, it is completely dominated by the left bank. There are also small bridges running on the street, but they are not on the banks of rivers. There is a water inlet in the tall building near the outer gate. There are no boats here, just a calm water for tourists to enjoy. Outside the door, it has become a bustling market. Zhang Zeduan concentrated the action direction of characters at both ends on Hongqiao, whether it was donkey team, pedestrians on the right bank, merchant ships on the river, or camel team out of the city on the left bank. The moving direction is Hongqiao, and the downward flow of the river and the upward flow of merchant ships make the picture full of artistic tension. This painting depicts the prosperity of Bianjing in the Qingming period. It is a witness to the prosperity of Bianjing in that year and a portrayal of the economic situation of the city in the Northern Song Dynasty. It vividly depicts the daily social life and customs of Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Through this painting, we can understand the city appearance of the Northern Song Dynasty and the life of people from all walks of life at that time. In a word, The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is of great historical value. Zhang Zeduan has a high artistic generalization, which makes The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival reach a high artistic level. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is unprecedented in its rich content, numerous characters and grand scale. The picture of Riverside Scene on Qingming Festival is dense and orderly, from quiet suburbs to bustling city streets, attracting people everywhere.