The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China regards "vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization" as a new requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way, and the concept of ecological civilization has been firmly established in the whole society. Building ecological civilization is an inevitable requirement and a major task for thoroughly implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and building a well-off society in an all-round way, which points out the direction for protecting the ecological environment and realizing sustainable development. In the next step, the key issue is how to promote it vigorously. The author made a preliminary investigation from the personal grass-roots environmental protection work, and summarized it as follows, for reference only, hoping to play a role in attracting jade.
First, what is ecological civilization
To "vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization", we must first understand what "ecological civilization" is. Some scholars believe that ecological civilization does not refer to the "civilized" state of natural ecology, but refers to treating ecology in a civilized way. Ecology is the result of mutual restriction and coordination of various forces; Some scholars also believe that ecological civilization is not only the relationship between man and nature, but also the relationship between people. Based on the opinions of experts, we can make a preliminary definition of ecological civilization: ecological civilization should first be a form of human civilization, with the premise of respecting and maintaining nature, the purpose of harmony between people, between people and nature, between people and society, the connotation of establishing sustainable production and consumption methods, and the focus of guiding people to a sustainable and harmonious development path. Ecological civilization emphasizes people's consciousness and self-discipline, and emphasizes the interdependence, mutual promotion and harmony between people and the natural environment. It pursues the harmony between people and ecology as well as between people, and the harmony between people is the premise of the harmony between people and nature. It can be said that ecological civilization is the result of profound reflection on traditional civilization, especially industrial civilization, and is a major progress in the form of human civilization and the concept, road and mode of civilization development.
Second, why should we build an ecological civilization?
To "vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization", we must understand the great significance of building ecological civilization. As the saying goes, "Thought is the forerunner of action." If we don't know it in place, we can't firmly establish the concept of ecological civilization and consciously devote ourselves to the construction of ecological civilization. The author believes that the importance of ecological civilization construction is mainly manifested in:
(A) the construction of ecological civilization is the inevitable trend of human sustainable development.
Industrial civilization has changed the way of production and life of mankind and brought great wealth to mankind. However, industrial civilization has also brought endless troubles and even great disasters to mankind. For example, "six major pollutions" (chemical pollution accident in Seveso, Italy, Three Mile Island nuclear power plant leakage accident in the United States, liquefied gas explosion accident in Mexico, Bhopal gas leakage accident in India, Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in the former Soviet Union, Rhine River pollution accident in Germany) and "eight major public hazards" (smog incident in Mas Valley, Belgium, smog incident in Donola, Los Angeles, USA, Minamata disease in London, Japan, Asthma in Japan, rice bran oil in Aichi, Japan, and Toyama Pain in Japan). And "Top Ten Events" (Dead Lake in North America, Cartiz Oil Tanker, Blowout in Gulf of Mexico, Death Valley in Kubatan, Forest Death in West Germany, Public Pollution in Bhopal, Chernobyl Nuclear Leakage, Rhine River Pollution, "Sudden Events" in Athens, Gulf) According to relevant data, during the Gulf War, from1August 2, 1990 to199/. 65438+1On October 22nd, the Wafra oil field in southern Kuwait was bombed, and the sun was obscured by smoke, and crude oil flowed into the Persian Gulf along the coast. Subsequently, Mina Ahmadi of Kuwait, occupied by Iraq, opened the floodgate and discharged the oil into the sea. Oil pipelines in southern Kuwait also burst everywhere, and crude oil poured into the sea. On October 25th, 65438/kloc-0, an oil belt with a length of 16 km and a width of 3 km was formed on the sea near Saudi Arabia, and it spread southward at a speed of 24 km per day. Some oil films caught fire, black smoke blocked the sun, and "sticky black rain" fell in southern Iran. By February 2, the oil film had spread to the range of 90km long and16km, approaching Bahrain and endangering Saudi Arabia. Forcing the two countries to erect floating barriers to protect the water source of seawater desalination plants. The oil pollution caused by the Gulf War killed tens of thousands of seabirds in a short time and destroyed most of the marine life in the Persian Gulf. 20 1 1 March 11day, after the explosion of the building where the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant1reactor is located, a "leakage accident" occurred in Unit 2 of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant damaged in the earthquake, resulting in 22 people being exposed to nuclear radiation, 21.
These public hazards and pollution accidents have caused great pollution to the natural environment, causing many normal people and animals to die, be disabled or get sick abnormally, which has brought disastrous consequences to human beings and the ecological environment. The utilization of resources by human beings has greatly exceeded the carrying capacity of the earth. Humans attach great importance to these events and reflect on themselves, so the concept of ecological civilization came into being. With the increasingly serious crisis of human existence, "promoting the construction of ecological civilization" has become an inevitable trend of human sustainable development.
(2) Building an ecological civilization is an inevitable requirement for the country's sustainable development.
Although China has a vast territory and abundant resources, China is also the most populous developing country in the world. No matter what kind of resources, the per capita possession is very low in the world. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, China's economic development has made remarkable achievements, and environmental protection has been gradually strengthened. At the same time, people's requirements for the quality of production and living environment are constantly improving. However, because China's economic growth is basically based on the traditional development model of high consumption and high pollution, serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction have occurred, and environmental problems that have appeared in stages in the industrialization process of developed countries for hundreds of years have broken out in China, and the contradiction between environment and development has become increasingly prominent. The relative shortage of resources, fragile ecological environment and insufficient environmental capacity have gradually become the restrictive factors of China's sustainable development. If China does not change the traditional mode of economic growth, put resource conservation and environmental protection in a prominent position, strengthen environmental protection, and change the situation of pollution first, treatment while destruction, the production and living environment will become worse and worse, which not only directly affects the smooth realization of the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, but also concerns the fundamental plan for the survival and long-term development of the Chinese nation. Therefore, "vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization" is the inevitable requirement of national sustainable development.
Third, how to vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization.
The key to building ecological civilization is to establish the concept of ecological civilization, and actively explore effective ways and methods of building ecological civilization from the reality of China.
(A) change the mode of economic development
The 17th National Congress changed "changing the mode of economic growth" to "changing the mode of economic development". The change of these two words has far-reaching influence, great significance, stronger pertinence and guidance, and profound connotation. The mode of economic growth refers to the ways and means to obtain economic growth through different factor inputs and technology combinations, which mainly emphasizes improving the efficiency of economic growth; The mode of economic development not only covers the meaning of the former, but also puts forward higher requirements for the concept, strategy and approach of economic development, emphasizing not only improving the efficiency of economic growth, but also promoting the optimization of economic structure, the coordination of economic growth with resources and environment, and the rational distribution of development results. To change the mode of economic development, we must adhere to the road of new industrialization with China characteristics, adhere to the policy of expanding domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and promote the transformation of economic growth from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on the coordinated development of consumption, investment and export, from relying mainly on the secondary industry to relying mainly on the coordinated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and from relying mainly on increasing the consumption of material resources to relying mainly on scientific and technological progress, improving the quality of workers and management innovation.
(2) Accelerate the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.
Resource-saving society refers to a society characterized by efficient use of energy resources for production and saving consumption. It not only reflects the transformation of economic growth mode, but also is a brand-new social development model. It requires that in all fields of production, circulation and consumption, and in all aspects of economic and social development, we should focus on saving energy resources and improving the utilization efficiency of energy resources, and focus on saving energy, water, materials, land and comprehensive utilization of resources, so as to obtain the greatest economic and social benefits with the minimum consumption of resources as much as possible, thus ensuring the sustainable development of economy and society. An environment-friendly society is one in which man and nature develop harmoniously, which promotes the harmony between man and nature. Specifically, it is a social system that aims at harmonious coexistence between man and nature, takes environmental carrying capacity as the foundation, follows natural laws as the core, takes green science and technology as the driving force, adheres to protection priority and orderly development, rationally divides functional areas, advocates environmental culture and ecological civilization, and pursues coordinated development of economy, society and environment.
(3) properly handle the relationship between economic construction, population growth, resource utilization and ecological environment protection.
We should fully consider the carrying capacity of population, resources and ecological environment, correctly handle the relationship between economic development and population, resources and environment, make overall consideration of the needs of current development and long-term development, continuously improve the quality and efficiency of development, and take the road of civilized development with production development, affluent life and good ecology. Therefore, we must change the traditional concept of development, from attaching importance to economic growth and ignoring environmental protection to paying equal attention to environmental protection and economic growth, and seeking development in environmental protection; From environmental protection lagging behind economic development to the synchronization of environmental protection and economic development, we should strive not to owe new debts, but to pay more old debts, and change the situation of pollution first, then treatment, and destruction while treatment; From the main use of administrative means to protect the environment to the comprehensive use of law, economy, technology and necessary administrative means to solve environmental problems, consciously follow the laws of economy and nature, and improve the level of environmental protection.
Developing circular economy and protecting ecological environment
Developing circular economy is an important way to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and realize sustainable development, and it is also a new way of economic growth. Circular economy is based on the principle of reduction, reuse and recycling, with the core of improving the utilization rate of resources, and pays attention to resource conservation, comprehensive utilization of resources and clean production. By adjusting the structure, technological progress and strengthening management, resource consumption, waste discharge and labor productivity can be greatly reduced. Efforts will be made to promote the recycling of resources, encourage enterprises to recycle production, promote industrial recycling, form energy-saving economic growth patterns and consumption patterns, and promote sustainable economic and social development. Protecting the ecological environment is related to the vital interests of the broad masses of the people and the long-term development of the Chinese nation. We must fully understand the importance, arduousness and long-term nature of protecting the ecological environment, adhere to the basic national policy of protecting the environment, strengthen the protection of the ecological environment, make more scientific use of nature to serve human life and economic and social development, resolutely prohibit the practice of plundering and destroying nature, and resolutely abandon the practice of pollution first, treatment later and restoration later. Building the motherland into a beautiful home with prosperous economy, beautiful environment and good ecology is not only the common aspiration of hundreds of millions of people, but also the unshirkable responsibility of every citizen.