Whether alcohol is a carcinogen or not, in real life, many people like to drink alcohol, and drink one or two bottles of beer or red wine every day. Then I will share an article about whether alcohol is a carcinogen. Let's have a look!

Is alcohol a carcinogen after all? I don't know, wine is not good for your health. As early as the 1990s, it was listed as a carcinogen by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1 carcinogen is the highest among all carcinogens, which has been proved to be carcinogenic to human body by many clinical experiments.

There are many kinds of cancers related to alcohol, five of which are most closely related to alcohol:

Esophageal cancer and gastric cancer

The component of alcohol is ethanol. When it enters the body, it will first slip into the esophagus and stomach through the mouth.

In the process of contacting esophagus and gastric mucosa, ethanol begins to be destroyed by virtue of its good fat solubility.

It will damage the esophageal mucosa and penetrate into the epithelial tissue of the mucosa. The more alcoholic drinks, the greater the harm.

Long-term alcoholics may face various digestive tract diseases, including digestive tract ulcers and inflammation.

Secondly, after ethanol is metabolized into acetaldehyde, it will directly damage the DNA chain, lead to gene mutation, and make the digestive tract fall into a state of long-term sustained injury and chronic inflammation, thus increasing the risk of cancer.

liver cancer

After alcohol enters the stomach, about 5% will be excreted through breathing and urination, and the remaining 95% will be metabolized in the liver.

The metabolism of alcohol in the liver mainly depends on two kinds of alcohol dehydrogenase, which can decompose ethanol into acetaldehyde and acetic acid, and finally become carbon dioxide and water to be excreted.

However, as far as the genes of Chinese residents are concerned, most of them have acetaldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, which will not affect health, but will lead to acetaldehyde metabolism disorder;

When the liver metabolizes alcohol, alcohol will inhibit other functions of the liver, especially the synthesis and storage of fat.

When a large amount of free fat begins to deposit in the liver, it can develop into alcoholic fatty liver, which is one of the types of fatty liver.

Under the influence of acetaldehyde damage, it can gradually develop into hepatitis, cirrhosis and other problems, thus increasing the risk of cancer. The incidence of liver cancer in a long-term alcoholic is 10 times higher than that in a non-alcoholic.

colorectal cancer

The relationship between drinking and colorectal cancer is still controversial in the medical field. However, a large number of scholars believe that drinking alcohol does increase their risk of intestinal cancer, and more and more studies have confirmed this.

According to the data survey, the risk of colorectal cancer is four or four times that of non-drinkers among people who drink regularly and consume too much alcohol.

People who consume about 45g/d alcohol will have an increased risk of colorectal cancer 1 and 5 times!

Interestingly, foreign studies show that different types of alcohol have different effects on the risk of colorectal cancer.

For example, people who mainly drink beer have a risk of colon cancer in the future, which is about 12 times that of people who don't drink. The number of people who drink liquor all the year round is twice that of those who give up drinking and drink a little.

pancreatic cancer

The pancreas is also the digestive organ in the human body, located in the deep part of the midabdomen and behind the peritoneum. Pancreatic cancer has the highest malignancy and mortality among all cancer types, and the overall survival rate of patients within five years is less than 5%.

The factors of pancreatic cancer are very complicated, and drinking is one of the risk factors.

Due to long-term heavy drinking, the pancreas can react with cholinergic, pancreatin and other substances, and secrete a large amount of pancreatic juice containing protein, thus damaging the interior of the pancreas and inducing chronic pancreatitis.

At the same time, acetaldehyde, a metabolite of alcohol, is also toxic, which increases the probability of cell canceration.

Finally, it should be emphasized that alcohol is already a definite carcinogen, although its carcinogenicity is not 100%. But just like people walking on the road, as long as you are still on the road, something may happen.

Therefore, we should not relax our vigilance against alcohol. It is essential for health to reduce alcohol consumption and give up drinking as much as possible.

Is alcohol a carcinogen after all? China has a wine culture since ancient times. In real life, many people have the hobby and habit of drinking and participate in entertainment activities all day. On August 4th, the Ministry of Science and Technology published an article entitled "A Canadian study shows some cancers and drinking" in official website, citing the research conclusion of The Lancet Oncology. The World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer defines alcohol as a carcinogen. The more you drink, the greater the chance of getting cancer.

This study points out that drinking alcohol can cause cancer, because drinking alcohol can destroy DNA. As we all know, only when DNA mutates can people get cancer. However, the more you drink, the greater the damage to DNA, and this damage will gradually accumulate, which will lead to the same result as DNA mutation and make people get cancer.

Alcohol is a carcinogen, which is defined by the World Health Organization. I hope everyone can get rid of the habit of drinking in daily life. If you must drink, drink in moderation, not too much.

What cancers does drinking have to do with?

Drinking has a great influence on health. Alcohol is a carcinogen, and long-term excessive drinking will increase people's chances of cancer.

The main component of alcohol is ethanol. Long-term excessive drinking will induce cirrhosis, and if it is not effectively treated, it may develop into liver cancer. In addition, alcohol may also produce a large number of free radicals under the action of liver drug enzymes, which will reduce the concentration of retinoic acid, promote excessive cell proliferation, induce DNA mutation and make people suffer from cancer.

In addition, alcohol has another harm, that is, it will affect the hormone level of the human body. There is a certain relationship between female breast adenocarcinoma and drinking. To sum up, drinking is related to seven kinds of cancers, namely oropharyngeal cancer, liver cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer and breast cancer. Correct your drinking habits as soon as possible and don't drink too much, otherwise these cancers are likely to come to you.

How much alcohol is appropriate?

There will inevitably be some inevitable occasions in life where you need to drink. At this time, it is unreasonable not to drink at all. To this end, it is necessary to master the amount of drinking and not to drink too much.

Many people don't know how to drink correctly or how to drink too much. Actually, it has something to do with alcohol intake. Men's daily alcohol intake should not exceed 15g, and women should be less. If you want to know the amount of alcohol you consume, there is a formula, that is, the amount of alcohol you consume multiplied by the alcohol concentration and then multiplied by 0 and 8, then the value obtained is the amount of alcohol.

You can calculate in advance to see how much wine you can drink, and just drink as little as possible within this range. However, alcohol is a primary carcinogen after all. Don't drink unless you drink. It is healthiest to stay away from alcohol.

You can learn from ZhangJike's unique method of abstinence.

Sometimes, on some occasions, people around you are particularly enthusiastic and always propose a toast to their own wine. You can use some tricks to make yourself drink less. Recently, the news of ZhangJike's unique abstinence method has rushed to the hot search.

In order to avoid drinking, ZhangJike clinked glasses and poured the wine from his own glass into someone else's. Netizens called ZhangJike a comedian who was delayed by table tennis. We can really borrow ZhangJike's method of avoiding drinking in our life. After all, drinking less wine is just a sip of wine. After all, drinking is harmful to human health.

In addition to learning ZhangJike's wine hiding skills, there are also some wine field skills, which can minimize the harm of alcohol to human body.

First, you can drink slowly, don't drink too fast, and try to avoid a stuffy situation.

Second, eat more vegetables when drinking, and don't drink on an empty stomach.

Third, when drinking, put a glass of water next to it, take a sip of wine and drink more water. Water can dilute wine and reduce harm.

Drinking is not a healthy habit. Alcohol is a carcinogen, which is related to 7 kinds of cancers. You should give up drinking as early as possible in your life. If you have to drink, you must control the amount of alcohol and drink in moderation. When drinking, you can use some wine hiding skills to avoid drinking too much.

Is alcohol a carcinogen after all? 3 1. Evidence that alcohol is a carcinogen.

ASCO: Alcohol is a carcinogen.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) issued a statement, which sounded the alarm: alcohol is a carcinogen. Drinking alcohol can induce a variety of cancers such as liver cancer.

According to the statement, 5% and 5% of new cancers and 5% and 8% of cancer deaths are caused by drinking alcohol every year.

After conversion, we can know that this is equivalent to 1 person drinking alcohol in every 18 cancer patients. Of every 17 cancer patients, 1 died of drinking.

1 2 nature: drinking alcohol can directly lead to irreversible mutation of stem cell genes.

At the beginning of 20 18, a new paper in the top magazine Nature was screened around the world: scientists at Cambridge University found that alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde had a significant impact on hematopoietic stem cells through animal models.

The reason why it has aroused widespread concern is that it once again proves an important conclusion: drinking alcohol can cause cancer! China people are particularly dangerous!

2. What cancers can drinking lead to?

Studies have shown that drinking alcohol, no matter how many degrees it takes, is carcinogenic as long as there is alcohol.

In addition to liver cancer, drinking alcohol will increase the risk of esophageal cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and other cancers.

Among so many cancers, which ones are most affected by alcohol? As the saying goes, "the advantage is the first to get the moon", so is alcohol, and the tissues it can directly contact have the greatest risk of cancer. For example: oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, breast adenocarcinoma, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and so on.

Studies have shown that people who drink more than 50g (equivalent to more than 3.5 cups) a day are 2 to 3 times more likely to develop oral cancer than those who don't drink. If you smoke while drinking, the risk of oral cancer will increase significantly.

People who drink more than 45g (equivalent to about 3 glasses of wine) every day are more likely to get breast cancer than those who don't drink. Even if you drink 10g alcohol every day (less than a glass of wine), your risk of breast cancer will increase by 7%.

People who drink 50g or more per day (equivalent to 3 or 5 glasses of wine) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer 1 and 5 times compared with those who don't drink or occasionally drink. Even if you drink 10g alcohol every day (less than a glass of wine), the risk of colorectal cancer will increase by 7%.

Systematic analysis shows that moderate or heavy drinking may increase the risk of gastric cancer.

In addition, according to a newly published statistical data of cancer patients over 30 years old in the United States, alcohol consumption is related to 23% of laryngeal cancer, 22% of liver cancer and 265,438+0% of esophageal cancer, but the specific amount of alcohol consumption needs further investigation.

3. Why does drinking cause cancer?

To know why drinking alcohol can cause cancer, we must first understand how alcohol is broken down in our bodies.

The catabolism of alcohol in the body mainly depends on two enzymes (ADH and ALDH). When alcohol enters the body, it will be decomposed into acetaldehyde under the action of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and then into acetic acid under the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), which will be excreted. At this point, metabolism is complete.

Among them, acetaldehyde is the chief culprit of drinking cancer, and it is a first-class carcinogen.

One can induce DNA mutation and the other can promote cell apoptosis.

In order to study how acetaldehyde affects the construction of cells, the research team genetically modified mice, namely ALDH2, which is one of the enzymes that prevent stem cells from producing ALDH. Previous studies have shown that this enzyme can effectively oxidize acetaldehyde to acetic acid. When the ALDH2 gene of mice is knocked out, mice are more likely to show the health effects of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde.

Patel said, "We found a lot of DNA damage in these mutant cells. DNA fragments were deleted, destroyed, and even some chromosomes were moved and rearranged. "

The proportion of each mutation type

Among ALDH2-deficient mice, mice given alcohol (5,8 kg1) had 4 times more cell damage than mice without alcohol.

The second line of defense is the repair system, in which the body tries to repair the damage caused to DNA. Fancd2 is a DNA cross-linking repair protein, which can help unstable DNA repair.

However, because some people have mutations, one or two of the defense projects don't work. In addition, micronucleus can also be used to judge the degree of cell damage. In a cell, it is easy to form a "micronucleus" (Mn) structure if chromosomes are broken or mismatched. As shown in the following figure, when the first and second lines of defense are missing, the number of micronucleus under the action of alcohol increases significantly.

4. Why are people in China more likely to suffer from liver cancer if they drink alcohol?

About 500-400 million people in Asia carry ALDH2 gene mutation, which means that they can't decompose acetaldehyde. Drinking alcohol will lead to red tide reaction, which means that drinking alcohol will make them feel bad. People with this mutation cannot synthesize enough acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to degrade acetaldehyde, so acetaldehyde cannot be eliminated from the body in time. Too much acetaldehyde in the body will make it easier for us to drink alcohol, which will greatly increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Therefore, people who blush when drinking must cherish it, because they are drinking with their lives.

5. Is it ok to drink a small amount of wine and a small glass every day?

Recently, a study published in BMJ magazine found that even a small amount of alcohol can increase the risk of cancer.

For women, drinking is even more inappropriate. Because another study, including more than120,000 women, found that even if you only drink a small glass of wine every day, the risk of breast cancer will increase significantly.

Therefore, both men and women can't drink alcohol. If you don't like drinking yourself, you'd better not start. Some things are not worth trying. If you used to drink a lot, it's not too late to give up drinking. Studies have shown that people who have given up drinking for 20 years have the same risk of oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and other cancers as those who do not drink.

It is never too late to mend. Take action from now on, and your body will benefit gradually.

6. Cancer patients should not drink alcohol.

Normal people drink alcohol at risk of cancer, and cancer patients who are already ill should not drink alcohol.

Studies have shown that excessive drinking during the treatment of cancer patients not only affects the therapeutic effect, but also has greater side effects. Alcohol may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted therapy and increase the side effects of radiotherapy.

In the end, patients who drink alcohol need more surgery, stay in hospital longer, spend more money, recover more slowly after treatment and have a higher risk of death.

Cancer patients who have been drinking alcohol after treatment will have a greater risk of developing a second cancer.

Therefore, for the sake of good health, cancer patients should give up drinking.

7. If you have to take two drinks, how much is safe?

Drinking alcohol has cancer risk, so it is best not to drink alcohol.

But you said I was addicted to alcohol and I couldn't give it up for a while. Or I just like drinking and think life is only interesting with wine. Or I'm a bartender, and my job is to drink.

Well, it's not a problem to drink less occasionally. The biggest problem is long-term heavy drinking. Alcohol is positively correlated with the risk of cancer. The more you drink, the longer it takes, and the higher the risk of cancer.

If you have to drink it, or if you have to drink it twice, the daily alcohol consumption of women should not exceed 18ml, and men should not exceed 36ml.

Take chestnuts for example. According to the degree of each wine, women's beer should not exceed 350ml, wine should not exceed 150ml, and 50-degree liquor should not exceed 35ml a day.

Male beer does not exceed 700ml a day, wine does not exceed 300ml, and 50-degree liquor does not exceed 70ml.

Since drinking alcohol can cause cancer, and as China people, many of us have acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene defects, so it is best not to drink alcohol, especially women!