With the development of economy, portable plastic bags play an important role in our life. In many
Sometimes, we all use plastic bags, such as shopping, shopping, food packaging, tires and so on. And the plastic bag burned badly.
The role of. At the same time, the crisis is also with us.
2007
year
12
moon
3 1
God,
The General Office of the State Council, the People's Republic of China issued
General Office of the State Council on quota.
Notice on the production, sale and use of plastic bags. This is called the masses.
"
No free plastic bags
"
The notice clearly stipulates:
"
from
2008
year
six
moon
1
From that day on,
Production is banned nationwide,
Sales,
Use thickness less than
0.025
Millimeter plastic shopping bag
"
"
oneself
2008
year
six
moon
1
From June, all supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places will implement the paid use of plastic shopping bags.
Under the same system, plastic shopping bags are not allowed to be provided free of charge.
"
Plastic shopping bags are consumables in daily life. Every year in China,
It consumes a lot of plastic shopping bags.
While providing convenience for consumers,
Due to overuse and recycling
The processing is not in place and other reasons,
It also caused serious energy,
Waste of resources and environmental pollution.
In particular to an ultra-thin plastic shopping bag container.
Easily damaged, most of them are discarded at will and become
"
white pollution
"
The main source of. At present, more and more countries and regions
The production and sale of plastic shopping bags are restricted.
Use.
In order to implement Scientific Outlook on Development,
Building a resource-saving society and environment
Friendly society, take effective measures from the source, urge enterprises to produce durable and recyclable plastic shopping bags, guide them,
Encourage people to use plastic shopping bags reasonably,
Promote the comprehensive utilization of resources,
Protect the ecological environment,
Further promote energy conservation and emission reduction.
General Office of the State Council, China
2007
year
12
moon
3 1
On April 2, 2000, the government issued a regulation on restricting the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags.
Notice, notice is from the masses.
"
No free plastic bags
"
The plastic limit order has been issued
07
Promulgated on,
But according to our investigation,
The use of household plastic belts is still unsatisfactory.
It seems that in the vegetable market,
In the hands of street vendors, unqualified plastic bags are still rampant.
Shoppers are not alert at all.
The feeling of rejection. In fact, the state has promulgated
"
No free plastic bags
"
In order to restrict people from using plastic bags in large quantities.
. China has a large population,
Due to living habits,
Everyone likes to use plastic bags.
The usage of this kind of plastic bag is undoubtedly huge.
Some manufacturers want to make money.
Make more profits,
Many plastic bags are polyethylene plastic bags.
Green plastic bags are rare,
Plus many people don't.
Environmental awareness, discarded at will, destroyed the soil structure and ecological environment, resulting in
"
white pollution
"
. Although people know
The harm of plastic bags also supports
"
No free plastic bags
"
But years of habits can't be changed overnight, so
"
No free plastic bags
"
ask
It is still very difficult to really implement it and it takes time.
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After our further investigation, we found that most citizens can understand the harm of plastic bags and can
Reuse it in daily life,
But for the convenience of plastic bags,
They still can't refuse,
Willing to spend money as a monk
It is convenient to buy plastic bags.
As for those manufacturers that provide customers with free use,
In order to attract guests,
Where's the ring
The price of plastic bags is unacceptable to them. This is why the market is full of cheap plastic bags.
However, it is undeniable that the implementation of the plastic restriction order has also raised public awareness of environmental protection.
Many citizens are shopping.
Also put on reusable shopping bags and put them in baskets. of course，
Whether the plastic restriction order can become an official document depends on the government's efforts.
Support, supervision and public supervision. I believe that with the improvement of citizens' quality, our home will become more and more beautiful!
(2)
Several characteristics of plastic bags
I. Classification of plastics
There are many kinds of plastics, so far there are about 300 kinds of plastics put into production in the world. Classification method of plastics
There are two commonly used:
1
According to the different properties of plastics after heating, they are divided into thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.
The molecular structure of thermoplastics is linear and will soften or melt when heated.
Can be molded into a certain shape,
It will harden again after cooling.
When heated to a certain extent, it will soften again.
It hardens again after cooling,
This process can be repeated many times.
Such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene, etc. Thermoplastic molding process is relatively simple, and continuous production can be realized.
It has quite high mechanical strength, so it develops rapidly.
The molecular structure of thermosetting plastics is a kind of bulk structure, which will soften when heated and can be molded into a certain shape.
However, after heating to a certain extent or adding a small amount of curing agent, it will harden and set, and will not soften and deform after reheating.
Thermosetting plastics, such as phenolic plastics, amino plastics and epoxy resins, cannot be recycled after processing and molding.
Resin and so on all belong to this kind of plastic.
The molding process of thermosetting plastics is complicated,
Therefore, continuous production has some difficulties.
However, it has good heat resistance, is not easy to deform, and its price is relatively low.
2
According to the different uses of plastics, it can be divided into general plastics and engineering plastics.
General plastics refer to plastics with large output, low price and wide application range, mainly including polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene.
Styrene,
Phenolic plastics and amino plastics.
Many products used in people's daily life are made of these general plastics.
Material.
Engineering plastics can be used as engineering structural materials instead of metals to manufacture machine parts. Such as polyamide,
Polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene,
Anti-lock braking device
Resin, PTFE, polyester, polysulfone, polyimide, etc. Engineering plastics have density.
Small,
High chemical stability,
Good mechanical properties,
Excellent electrical insulation,
Easy to process and shape, etc.
Widely used in automobiles,
Electrical appliances, chemicals, machinery, instruments, meters and other industries are also used in aerospace, rockets, missiles and so on.
Second, the composition of plastic
The plastic we usually use is not a pure substance, it is made of many materials. Wherein the polymer poly
multiple
(
Or synthetic resin.
)
It is the main component of plastic. In addition, in order to improve the performance of plastics, it should be added to polymers.
Various auxiliary materials, such as fillers, plasticizers, lubricants, stabilizers, colorants, etc. And can be used as a plastic with good performance.
1
synthetic resin
Synthetic resin is the most important component in plastics, and its content in plastics is generally in
40
%~
100
%。 Due to the high content,
Moreover, the properties of resin often determine the properties of plastics.
So people often regard resin as a synonym for plastic.
For example, poly
Vinyl chloride resin and polyvinyl chloride plastic,
Phenolic resin is confused with phenolic plastic.
In fact, resin and plastic are two different things.
Concept.
The resin is an unprocessed original polymer,
It is not only used to make plastics, but also used to make coatings, adhesives and explosives.
Synthetic fiber raw materials. Plastic contains only a small part.
100
% resin,
Most plastics, except main group.
Besides resin, other substances need to be added.
2
, filler
Fillers, also called fillers, can improve the strength and heat resistance of plastics and reduce costs. Such as phenolic resin.
Adding wood flour can greatly reduce the cost.
Making phenolic plastics one of the cheapest plastics,
Meanwhile, the mechanical strength can be remarkably improved.
Degree. Fillers can be divided into organic fillers and inorganic fillers. The former is wood powder, rags, paper and various fabric fibers, while the latter is inorganic filler.
Such as glass fiber, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, carbon black, etc.
three
plasticiser
Plasticizers can increase the plasticity and softness of plastics, reduce brittleness, and make plastics easy to process and shape. Plasticizers usually
It is a high boiling point organic compound, which is miscible with resin, nontoxic and tasteless, and stable to light and heat. Phthalic acid is the most commonly used one.
Esters.
For example, in the production of PVC plastics,
If more plasticizer is added, soft PVC plastic can be obtained.
If not added
Or add less plasticizer.
(
dosage
& lt 10
%
)
So as to obtain hard polyvinyl chloride plastic.
four
, stabilizer
In order to prevent synthetic resin from being damaged by light and thermal decomposition during processing and use, and prolong its service life,
Stabilizers should be added to plastics. Commonly used are stearate and epoxy resin.
five
, colorant
Colorants can make plastics have various bright and beautiful colors. Organic dyes and inorganic pigments are usually used as colorants.
six
, lubricant
The role of lubricant is to prevent the plastic from sticking to the metal mold during the molding process.
Meanwhile, the plastic surface can be smooth and beautiful.
Commonly used lubricants include stearic acid and its calcium and magnesium salts.
In addition to the above additives, there are flame retardants, foaming agents, antistatic agents and so on. It can also be added to plastics to meet different purposes.
Requirements.
The recycling value of plastic bags is very low, except that they are scattered in urban streets, tourist areas, water bodies, highways and
Caused by both sides of the railway
"
visual pollution
"
Besides pollution, it also has potential hazards.
Plastic has a stable structure and is not easily destroyed by natural microorganisms.
Biobacterial degradation,
Don't be separated in the natural environment for a long time.
This means that if the waste plastic garbage is not recycled,
Will be in the environment
It will become a permanent pollutant and accumulate continuously, causing great harm to the environment.
First of all, it affects agricultural development. The accumulation of waste plastic products in soil will affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops.
Point, leading to crop yield reduction.
Second, it poses a threat to the survival of animals. Plastic products abandoned on land or in water are used as food by animals.
If swallowed, animals will die. Last year, Qinghai Lake
20
Nearly 1000 sheep died, and the economic loss was about.
30
More than ten thousand yuan.
Sheep like to eat oil residue wrapped in plastic bags.
But I often eat plastic bags together.
Due to eating
Plastic remains in the stomach for a long time and is difficult to digest.
The stomachs of these sheep are stuffed,
Stop eating,
In the end, they can only live.
Starving to death. Such things are common in zoos, pastoral areas, rural areas and oceans.
Thirdly, waste plastics will not only occupy a lot of land with landfill, but also the occupied land will not be restored for a long time.
Affect the sustainable use of land.
If the waste plastic products entering the domestic garbage are buried,
200
It will not degrade for many years.
It does great harm to the land, changes its pH value, affects the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, and leads to agriculture.
As for plastic products discarded in water or on land, it will not only affect the environment, but also be passive.
Swallow it,
Will lead to death. This destroys the ecological balance.
Fourth,
Decomposition of toxic substances at high temperature. Plastic products have no toxic substances, but they are profitable because of their recycling.
The equipment used is not perfect, the process is simple, and many manufacturers do not have legal business licenses, which leads to duplication.
Plastic products reach temperature.
65
At℃, toxic substances will precipitate and penetrate into food, which is harmful to the liver.
Dirty,
Kidney, reproductive system and central nervous system and other important parts of the human body cause damage.
Even so, many families still choose to use plastic bags. During the investigation, we asked them why they chose to use plastic bags.
With plastic bags, some people say:
"
When you go out to buy food, sometimes you don't remember to bring an environmental protection bag.
"
Some people say:
"
I am a big man,
Why do you need to bring such troublesome things when you go out? Since the vegetable seller has a bag, you don't have to bring it.
"
Some people also say:
"
Use plastic bags and
Aren't all environmental protection bags the same? We left it at home,
I don't know how to manage the environmental protection bag.
It is best to use plastic bags.
So what!
"
Maybe they don't understand the harm of plastic bags, so during the investigation, we told them something about it.
Some families know the harm of plastic bags, while others are still half-informed.
So we advocate the use of environmental protection bags,
Environmental protection handbag
Environmental protection bags should have two aspects. On the one hand, they are made of natural materials and can be reused. On the other hand,
No solid waste will remain in the natural environment after crushing.
Harmful to the environment
(or relative to its harm to the environment.
He is insignificant in matter.
Ordinary plastic bags are difficult to degrade after being discarded in the environment, even if a small part is decomposed.
It also produces harmful substances.
In order to have a healthy body, a harmonious family and a good life. Everyone should start with small things and protect me.
The environment around children,
Establish a beautiful social environment. Let's live in a good environment,
Grow up healthily. So we can
Don't lose what you have.