1. Closed intestinal injury
(1) direct violence causes injury. Direct violence acts on the abdominal wall and is transmitted to the lumbosacral vertebrae, resulting in small intestine or mesentery injury.
(2) The external force caused by lateral violence can also act on the abdomen obliquely along the body axis, which makes the intestine and mesentery move to one side quickly, and causes the intestine to tear from the attachment.
(3) Injury caused by indirect violence When a patient falls, falls or stops from a height, the intestine or mesentery can't resist the pressure exerted by this sudden change of position, and the small intestine breaks or tears through conduction.
(4) Strong contraction of one's own muscles leads to injury. Abdominal muscles contract strongly, and the increase of intra-abdominal pressure leads to the tearing of small intestine or mesentery, and some abdominal muscles contract against the normal movement of intestine.
2. Open intestinal injury
It is mainly sharp instrument injury, which can often cause multiple intestinal rupture or compound injury.
3. Iatrogenic intestinal injury
Accidental injury to intestine during surgical separation and adhesion, accidental injury during endoscopic surgery, etc.