The elderly and the aging population are two different concepts. The elderly refer to people who have reached or exceeded the age of old age. Population aging reflects the trend and process of the growth of the elderly population in a region (or country), that is, the percentage of the population aged 60 and over or 65 and over in a region (or country) to the total population of the region (or country). According to the general practice of the international community, a society in which the population over 60 years old accounts for more than 10% of the total population, or the population over 65 years old accounts for more than 7% of the total population is called an aging society or an aging country.

At present, population aging is becoming a worldwide trend. From 65438 to 0999, the total population over 60 years old in China was1260,000, accounting for 10% of the total population, which indicated that China had entered the age of population aging. China entered an aging society ahead of schedule and developed rapidly. In less than 20 years, China has completed the transformation from an adult society to an elderly society that other developed countries need decades or even hundreds of years to complete.

Second, the impact of China's aging population on the economy and society;

1, the impact of population aging on the labor market in China.

The aging population leads to the relative shortage of labor resources in China. The deepening of population aging will first lead to the reduction of the working-age population, that is, the shortage of labor. The analysis shows that the decrease of working-age population directly leads to the decline of social labor productivity and the decrease of social production economy, which has an adverse impact on social and economic development; The proportion of working-age population declines, that is, the labor force is aging. The aging of labor force has a great inhibitory effect on the improvement of overall productivity and economic growth, and the physical quality of workers has become one of the decisive factors of labor productivity. In short, the aging population leads to a decline in labor productivity.

2. The influence of population aging on industrial structure.

The aging of the population has led to the corresponding adjustment of China's existing industrial structure to meet the special needs of the elderly population for material, spiritual and cultural needs.

China has entered an old-age country, with a large increase in the elderly population, and their material and spiritual needs are increasing. The market mechanism will guide the social resources to transfer and develop to industries such as daily necessities, health products, medical devices, universities for the elderly, and tourism for the elderly. The social demand for the tertiary industry will increase significantly. The aging population drives the great development of the tertiary industry, which is helpful to adjust the industrial structure of the added value of the national economy and effectively promote the industrial transfer of labor force. In essence, it is to promote the transfer of agricultural surplus labor to the tertiary industry and realize the adjustment of industrial structure of labor employment.

3. The influence of aging population on the old-age care model in China.

"A sense of security for the elderly" mainly includes:

(1) Economic security.

② Life care (including spiritual comfort).

From an economic point of view, the urban and rural old-age care model in China presents the opposite trend. The urban elderly are mainly provided for by the society, while the rural elderly are mainly provided for by the family. From the perspective of life care, China is mainly undertaken by the family. Living with family members, so that children can support and take care of the elderly, is also a way for the elderly in China to agree.

With the deepening of the process of population aging, the family pension model is facing more and more severe challenges, mainly reflected in:

(1) The decline in fertility rate has reduced the resources for family support, and the per capita burden of children's old-age care has doubled. The family model of 42 1 poses a severe challenge to the maintenance problem.

② The increase of empty nesters' families has aggravated the difficulty of providing for the aged at home.

With the extension of life span, the number of elderly people is increasing.

The model of 42 1 tends to 842 1, which makes it more difficult to support and the family's ability to support will decline.

Three. Opinions and suggestions on solving the problem of population aging;

1. Implement a reasonable population policy and coordinate population aging and economic development.

Dealing with population aging is the premise of economic development, and the government should adopt reasonable population policy to coordinate population aging with social and economic development. At present, China should not only control the population growth, but also prevent the population from aging too fast and the proportion of the elderly population is too high. China adheres to the people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept, and has established the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. This also provides a good opportunity for bringing population aging into the long-term planning of economic development.

2. Rational allocation and utilization of labor resources.

In view of the regional differences of population aging, a unified labor market system should be established as soon as possible. The old-age area can provide old-age intellectual talents and experience in solving the aging problem for the youth area and the adult area, and the youth area and the adult area can supply labor for the old-age area, fill its "youth deficit" and realize the optimal allocation of labor resources. Pay attention to the changing trend of the age structure of the labor force, provide targeted education opportunities for people of different ages, especially strengthen the training of the elderly labor force, speed up their knowledge update, improve their employment competitiveness, fully develop the resources of the elderly labor force, and provide fair employment opportunities and employment environment for the elderly population.

3. Establish and improve the old-age security system.

Living with children, the elderly generally have a good mentality, have no worries about food and clothing, and have low requirements for their children. For a long time to come, the vast majority of the elderly will spend their old age at home, so the family still plays a very important role in providing for the elderly. As the most basic unit to provide emotional and psychological needs, family is an ideal place for the aged. At the same time, it is the unshirkable responsibility of the government to establish and improve the social security system, and an old-age security system combining social pension and family pension should be established as soon as possible.

Raise awareness and speed up the construction of rural social endowment insurance system. In China, the construction of rural social endowment insurance system is later than the basic endowment insurance system for urban enterprise employees. With the arrival of the aging population in China, the problem of rural old-age care is rapidly evolving from a traditional family problem to a social problem, and the demand for socialized old-age insurance for the rural elderly is increasingly urgent.

4. Vigorously develop the aging industry.

Low income of aging industry, absence of relevant government policies and weak demand of aging market are the main obstacles to the development of aging industry. Therefore, the government must play a driving role to promote the development of the aging industry.

The government should increase policy support.

The government stimulates the enthusiasm of enterprises to set foot in the aging industry through special funds, subsidies and other financial incentives; Reduce the cost of aging industries and improve market competitiveness through tax incentives or exemptions; Encourage the implementation of large-scale operation and become bigger and stronger through the preferential treatment of the loan scale, term and interest rate of the pension industry.

(2) continuously improve the security income of the elderly.

The government should ensure the sustainable supply of old-age care by establishing a stable old-age care account, and strive to make the pockets of the elderly bulge, so as to effectively transform the various potential needs of the elderly into effective demand for the aged industry, and then form a vivid situation in which the demand for old-age care effectively drives the development of the aged industry.