"Housing" is the basic demand of human life, and the residential area is the social organization and residence of the city.
The basic elements of people's lives. Facing the increasingly mature residential market and buyers, the market competition is becoming more and more fierce.
With the development of economy, the commercialization of housing, market diversification and human stimulation.
With the improvement of residents' awareness of living consumption, developers and residents have higher and higher requirements for living.
The level of concern has extended from the simple huxing to the overall environmental characteristics of residential areas.
And external space design. Many real estate developers seize the psychology of buyers to enter the market.
Demand-oriented, they have played "landscape cards" and demolished the capital buildings on a large scale, which is beautiful and pleasing to the eye.
In order to occupy a place in the market competition, landscape is promoted and gradually placed.
Get rid of the auxiliary role of previous architectural planning and have their own positioning.
The purpose of residential architecture and landscape is the same: to create an environment suitable for human habitation.
Beautiful environment, the city is truly humanized and suitable for human habitation.
The integration of architecture and landscape has become an inevitable trend. In this context, the author is interested in life.
This paper makes some thoughts on the landscape construction of residential areas, hoping to help the landscape construction of residential areas in the future.
Establish a positive role.
1 Landscape planning and design scheme of urban residential area
At present, the general process of most residential area design is: residential area planning (regulatory detailed planning)
(1) Architectural design and landscape design. The general understanding of this process is: 1) planning:
Functional zoning, housing, service facilities (transportation), scale and positioning of residential areas; 2) architecture
Architectural design: architectural functional layout and spatial modeling; 3) Landscape design: green configuration, hard.
Functional layout and modeling design of landscape recreation facilities. In this order, residential areas were established.
If designers lack space, the three stages of design are often separated from each other or have little contact.
The concept is that regardless of the design intention of the previous stage, residential buildings and indoor outer rings will appear.
The environment is also irrelevant, which shows that there are some trivial landscape elements scattered in the room.
Although the name of the front house and the back house is decorated, they are all the same, and the landscape construction of the community should have roots.
According to the advocacy of generalized architecture, the same is true for coordinating urban planning, architecture and landscape workers.
Participate, realize the interaction among the three, and change the one-way architectural determinism to make it not only based on architecture.
Adjust the landscape according to the requirements, and also improve the building according to the needs of the landscape, from architecture to
Repeatedly from landscape to architecture, to achieve harmony between architecture and landscape.
2 landscape design elements
The design of public landscape in residential area is realized by rational allocation of various landscape elements.
To achieve it. The landscape design of modern residential areas not only pays attention to the form of greening, but also pays attention to planting.
Material sense and color configuration, but also pay attention to the ecological layout of plant communities. In addition,
It also includes the layout of the overall space environment, terrain treatment, the division of soft and hard sites, water
Physical design, choice of activity facilities, construction of landscape architecture, lighting design, outdoor home.
Furniture and sketch design, even the selection and details of a floor tile and a curb, are all
It must be studied with the participation of planners and architects to realize the whole ring.
Optimization of the environment.
3 residential landscape design principles
3. 1 embodies the local characteristics and the principle of adapting to local conditions.
Landscape design should fully reflect the local characteristics and the natural characteristics of the base. map of China
With a large population, the characteristics of natural areas and cultural areas are far from each other. The landscape design of residential areas should
Grasp these characteristics, create an environment full of local characteristics, and at the same time, the landscape of residential areas should be full.
Make use of the topographical features of this area to create a creative and personalized landscape space.
Between. The natural environment is the basis of landscape greening, and the local area should be fully utilized in residential planning.
Natural landform, landscape environment and climate characteristics, and the transformation of topography, water system and trees.
The preservation of wood should be guided by the situation and create a distinctive environmental space. For example, Chongqing Longhu.
The "Zhangshulin" community has preserved and properly transplanted dozens of camphor trees in the base.
Created a beautiful green environment in the community. Landscape design should also give play to the surrounding environment of residential areas.
The favorable factors of the background, or borrow the scenery of distant mountains, or draw water into the ground to create my own scenery.
Natural residential area. Landscape design should be organically combined with architectural design.
3.2 Clear functional requirements
According to the principle of residential behavior, the public landscape design of residential areas has made clear achievements.
Yes, its main function is aimed at babies and the elderly, because of the outdoor environment of residential areas.
This is their main outdoor activity space. Determine the size of the space according to this premise,
The texture of the road surface, the height of the ground, etc. , has become a good start. Simultaneous residential area
Landscape has a psychological adjustment effect on all residents, giving everyone a feeling of home.
Promote democracy and autonomy of community residents. Residential landscape should give consideration to "sports"
The two functions of "quietness" require "movement" in living, which includes sports and fitness, so residential areas will
There are basketball courts, tennis courts, badminton courts and other venues, such as children playing and old people dancing.
The distribution square of fitness belongs to the "moving" part, where people are resting, enjoying the scenery and playing chess.
The "quiet" part. When designing, the "moving" area should be arranged away from residential buildings.
Area, or centralized setting, such as in the clubhouse, so as not to interfere with the normal rest of residents.
3.3 The organic combination of landscape design and architectural design makes the whole more real and touching.
Architectural style is the basis of landscape design style, and the style orientation of landscape design must be
The characteristics of the building must be considered. For example, a residential area with the characteristics of Bayu folk houses has typical buildings.
Based on local characteristics and vocabulary, landscape design should advocate "nature is nature", "mountain" and "following fate"
The artistic effect of "high is low"; For example, Shenzhen Vanke Real Estate Development's Shenzhen "Fifth Garden" was the first.
The original modern Chinese residence in Wuyuan will create an unprecedented modern Chinese residence courtyard.
Let the patio, vestibule and backyard appear in modern people's life and in the overall planning and design.
In fact, the modern interpretation of the traditional residential form in China shows the reality of the project.
Pursuing and exploring modern China people's living concept of humanity and nature, the whole project gives people a kind of
Simple and elegant without losing modern affinity.
3.4 Strengthen the center to create a sense of hierarchy and enclosure.
The design of public space environment in residential areas should focus on strengthening the central landscape; The rating is a comment.
The environmental design of residential area is an important standard, and the landscape design of residential area should provide privacy at all levels.
Space, and there should be a smooth transition between all levels.
In residential areas, public and private activities change carefully, so we should strive to create a "closed but not closed, sparse"
"The space atmosphere is impermeable. Practice shows that compared with the simple building envelope, the landscape is utilized.
Manipulation is not only effective but also effective; On the other hand, a sense of closure
Shaping should be different from the nature of space and change carefully. Generally speaking, public space
The design lines (entrance square, rest square, theme landscape and ornamental lawn) are dynamic and beautiful.
Bright colors, emphasizing sunshine and stage hints, reflect "people look at people" (communication desire)
The fun of. Hidden space (hall, front greening, private courtyard, roof terrace)
The design pays attention to quiet and privacy, emphasizes the details of shadow and structure, and adopts guidance.
Materials with low thermal rate and necessary line-of-sight shielding.
3.5 Humanized design principles
The humanized design principle is also manifested as satisfaction in the landscape design of external space.
The psychological needs of residents, so the external space landscape environment is shaped into a rich residence.
Breathing home makes residents feel safe, warm and comfortable, and produces a sense of belonging.
I agree with that. The principle of humanized design is to think what residents think and build what they need. In the establishment
Before the plan begins, it is necessary to analyze the direction and wind direction of the whole residential area for organization.
Air ducts in residential areas. In the landscape planning stage, we should consider the positive side and the negative side.
People need plenty of sunshine in winter and relative shading in summer, and
There are places to provide and set up entertainment exchanges.
3.6 Ecological design principles
The concept of ecological design should run through the whole process of environmental design. grow
The principle of the country is based on the concept of "landscape city" put forward by scientist Qian Xuesen, which makes the external
A way of thinking of ecological space landscape. Returning to nature and being close to nature is the foundation of human beings.
Sex, through the introduction of natural mountains, water and greening, simulate natural scenery, make the residential landscape
Viewing the ecological environment makes people feel the beauty of natural ecology. Just like American landscape scholar West
Mond said: "Nature (mountains, canyons, sunshine, water, plants and air) should be brought into the collection."
In the field of planning, carefully and systematically put buildings on the banks of mountains and valleys, and
In the scenery. "
4 conclusion
The construction of residential areas embodies the progress of science and technology and humanities. With the development of urbanization
At the same time of rapid development, it is also experiencing a change in cultural orientation, which is more rational, scientific and open.
Innovating the mainstream development of culture and seeking humanized, high-quality and personalized landscape environment have been
To become the pursuit direction of residential development, starting from the principle of "people-oriented", this is even greater.
To a certain extent, residents' demand for the environment is considered, which is more manifested in residents' demand for residential areas.
With the participation of environmental construction and maintenance, designers and owners have formed an "interactive creation".
Type, more widely follow the user's needs and emotional expression, to achieve harmony and unity between people and the environment.
Coordination between * * *. Creating a beautiful environment that can better reflect spiritual characteristics is a living landscape.
Check the future development goals of environmental construction.
References:
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[J]。 Residential design, 1999 (3): 1 1.
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