The landscaping work in colleges and universities centers on education and teaching, and provides a good environment around the work, study and life of teachers and students. "Environmental education", a good campus greening environment, can meet the physiological and psychological needs of teachers and students, and make people rest, relax, feel at peace and have a good feeling. It has a potential infectious effect on the formation of healthy personality. With the development trend of landscaping, people's requirements for greening are no longer one or two lawns or three or four flower beds. Instead, we should take campus greening as an important part of campus culture construction, and create multi-level green space with distinctive characteristics of the times and unique artistic style according to the nature of the school, the psychological characteristics of teachers and students, functional requirements and economic conditions.

1. Basic principles of campus greening

1. 1 landscape aesthetics and landscape design principles

China's garden aesthetics mainly discusses the aesthetic relationship between aesthetic object and subject, and provides objective conditions for the subject to meet the aesthetic needs of development, that is, to create a subject who understands beauty and receive the education of truth, goodness and beauty accordingly. The highest realm of China traditional garden art is "man-made, but natural", which fully embodies the harmonious relationship between man and nature in China traditional culture through gardening techniques. The landscape planning and design of campus green space is to use landscape aesthetics and landscape design principles to organize various landscape elements scientifically and reasonably, and to form a patchwork and clear-cut landscape system according to local conditions. At the same time, we should comprehensively consider economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits to create a beautiful, practical and distinctive campus environment.

1.2 Principles of Landscape Botany and Ecology

Landscape botany is a science that studies the species, habits, cultivation and application of garden plants, and it is the theoretical basis of landscape design of garden plants. As greening materials, the scientific and reasonable application of garden plants can not only create a beautiful natural environment, but also create a unique human landscape, which plays a vital role in shaping the campus landscape. The word ecology was first put forward by German biologist haeckel in his book General Biomorphology in 1866. Since its establishment, it has focused on the relationship between organisms, environment and organisms, and has continued to this day. Using the principles of landscape botany and ecology, creating a multi-level, all-round, multi-color, ecological and garden-like campus environment scientifically and reasonably is an important content of the landscape planning and design of university campus green space. For example, in the campus of Yale University, trees, shrubs and grasses are scientifically and reasonably matched to create a suitable plant community, and the seasonal changes of plants are obvious, presenting a pleasant ecological landscape.

1.3 Principles of Psychology and Environmental Behavior

The influence of campus psychology and environmental behavior on campus greening is ubiquitous. Proper application of environmental behaviorism and psychological principles to analyze the psychological characteristics of campus teachers and students and the relationship between their behavior and the environment can create a campus environment that conforms to the general psychological and behavioral habits of university teachers and students.

Knowing the spiritual needs from the physiological needs, the number of subjects presents a "pyramid" shape with obvious decrease. In the university campus, the needs of safety, identity, self-realization, learning and aesthetics are particularly important for university teachers and students with high knowledge, culture and aesthetic level. In the planning and design of campus greening landscape, we should take this as a starting point, consider the psychological characteristics and needs of university teachers and students, try our best to materialize these abstract and urgent psychological needs in the construction of space, and meet them through greening means.

2. The function of campus green space

2. 1 Improve the ecological quality.

The vegetation and water body of campus green space can produce certain ecological effects by virtue of their natural attributes, and improve and improve the natural ecological quality of campus.

2.2 Environmental protection function.

Plants on campus can adjust the temperature and humidity, prevent wind and sand, purify the air, eliminate smoke and dust, sterilize and prevent diseases, and reduce noise.

2.3 beautify the environment and improve the quality of life.

Green space adds endless colors and artistic conception to the campus landscape, and provides fresh and beautiful natural atmosphere and leisure and entertainment places for teachers and students.

2.4 Isolation and protection.

Flowers and trees in the campus organically isolate different functional areas such as teaching area, living area, sports area and road, which improves the safety of each area.

3. Problems and countermeasures of campus greening

3. Problems in1

3. 1. 1 Lack of scientific understanding and long-term planning.

Because the construction of campus greening can not produce direct economic benefits, teachers and students have insufficient understanding of the irreplaceable role of campus greening, and the role and value of campus greening have not been paid enough attention. Campus greening construction work is often "important to say, secondary to do". Campus landscape planning and design are not synchronized with campus construction, and the planning scheme lacks foresight, long-term and sustainable development. In some colleges and universities, public green space has been rebuilt many times, and tree species have been changed frequently, which has caused a waste of funds.

3. 1.2 lacks planning and design scheme.

Due to insufficient attention to the campus cultural atmosphere, some colleges and universities have little or no investment in greening landscape planning and design, simply placing some green spaces around buildings or copying the park greening planning model, which does not reflect their own cultural and aesthetic connotations; Some colleges and universities blindly invest, excessively pursue novelty, novelty and other ornamental effects in design, pursue idealized high-standard design, ignore the original economic, environmental and cultural factors of the campus, and fail to combine the basic laws of garden construction with the characteristics of the school, resulting in the disconnection between design and operation, failing to reflect the cultural characteristics of the campus, and making it difficult for the overall design level to reach a higher level.

4 solutions

4.2. 1 Facing the future, conforming to the social development trend and making overall plans.

With the rapid development of science and technology in today's society, human beings are more attached to the ecological environment on which they depend while looking forward to the beautiful development of information technology. The construction of university campus should follow the construction concept of "information garden", make informatization and gardening coexist harmoniously, and create a learning and living environment with both traditional cultural atmosphere and contemporary atmosphere for teachers and students. Under the guidance of the overall development goal of the school, we should conform to the trend of social development and make overall planning according to the actual situation of the campus.

4.2.2 Rational allocation of plants

Give full play to the maximum productivity of plant communities, pay full attention to the comprehensive utilization of trees, shrubs, flowers and other plant communities conducive to environmental improvement, and maximize the ecological benefits of green space. Grasp the proportion of trees, grass and flowers, choose as many kinds of trees, shrubs and ground cover plants as possible, and use different crown types, colors and textures of plants to form a patchwork ecological plant landscape.

4.2.3 Scientific maintenance management

In order to ensure the sustainable development of campus environment, campus greening construction must follow the natural growth law of plants and carry out scientific management to achieve good greening landscape.

5. Conclusion

Landscape planning and design of campus green space should be combined with the nature of the university and the purpose of running a school. By fully studying the nature, history and culture of the university, we can shape the cultural artistic conception by greening, embody the unique humanistic connotation and personality of the university, enjoy the green campus with bright flowers in the dark, enjoy the pavilions with rich humanistic atmosphere, meditate on the bright rocks and springs in Shui Mu, and meditate on the quiet space with winding paths, so that teachers and students can feel quiet and leisurely. Relaxation and freedom of body and mind in a beautiful natural environment-this is the greening landscape and humanistic landscape that a university campus should have, and it is also the ultimate goal of greening a university campus.

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