The theme is the eye of the article and an important part of the article to convey important information. Being at the top of the article structure, the title of the article will directly affect the reviewer's first impression of the article. The basic requirements for the proposed topic of argumentative paper are: to be eye-catching and comfortable on the basis of accuracy. It can be vivid, vivid, concise, unique, neat and so on. In short, it is best to stimulate the reader's interest in reading, or to make him feel refreshed. The title of an argumentative essay should conform to the stylistic characteristics and be clear, so that people can know its purpose at a glance. Articles with distinct views are most popular with reviewers, because they have a clear and transparent sense, can convey the general content of the article, and facilitate reviewers to grasp the basic content of the whole article accurately and quickly.
2. Gorky said: "(at the beginning) it's like setting the tone for music. The tone of the whole song is given by it, and it is also the place where the author spends his time. " The beginning of an argumentative paper should pay attention to "short, fast and beautiful". To be brief means to be concise. It is best to divide three or two sentences into paragraphs to introduce this theory. A short beginning can avoid verbosity, and short sentences are divided into paragraphs, highlighting the importance of their content in space. To be quick is to get to the point quickly. It is best to point out the basic ideas or themes of the article in a few sentences. Because there is a "clear center" regulation in the grading standard. Determining the center at the beginning is conducive to the reviewers' scoring and the author's discussion, avoiding writing taboos such as unclear topics and changing topics halfway. Beautiful means wonderful. This is also the "phoenix head" mentioned in traditional literary theory. The most prominent function of a wonderful beginning is to attract the examiner and leave a good impression on him. The beginning of the article should be wonderful, and the argument should be introduced by rhetorical devices such as metaphor, analogy and parallelism. You can also quote famous sayings and tell fables to introduce the topic.
Write the first sentence and the last sentence in the middle paragraph. Whether the structure of an argumentative paper is rigorous, whether the organization is clear, whether the argument is rigorous and whether the argument is typical, the key lies in the writing of the middle paragraph. Structure, organization, arguments and arguments are important rules for marking argumentative essays, so writing argumentative essays should meet these standards as much as possible. Common discussion methods are: the first sentence is a small argument or a transitional sentence connecting the preceding with the following; Mainly focus on small arguments, use appropriate facts and theoretical arguments, or analyze and reason some phenomena in real life; Finally, write a sentence or two summarizing the discussion. The writing of the first sentence and the last sentence is the most important, which can directly outline the context of the article and show the discussion ideas of the full text. In addition, the overall argumentation structure of the article often uses positive and negative contrast. As long as many reasons are said from both sides, they can basically be strictly discussed. Skillfully using this composition mode in the examination room can quickly start writing, reduce mistakes and save time. At the same time, it can make the examiner score the scores above average conveniently according to the scoring standard, and avoid the personal scoring factors that are not conducive to the candidates.
4. A typical and vivid argument is the soul of an argumentative paper, the sub-argument is the skeleton supporting this soul, and the argument is the flesh and blood of an argumentative paper. It is inconceivable that a person should be full and colorful, with only a soul and skeleton and no flesh and blood. The same argumentative essay can't be called an article only with central arguments and sub-arguments, and it must also have typical and vivid arguments. Typical arguments refer to representative examples and famous sayings that can fully reflect the essence of things. First of all, ask for truth and be related to the topic. Secondly, we should abandon the old arguments and use new ones. Some students memorized several classic arguments in their compositions, such as Sima Qian, Madame Curie and Zhang Haidi, and used them from different angles as a kaleidoscope. In fact, even if these arguments are typical, they are not noticeable. On the contrary, it will be better to choose the new argument that "people have me without me, and people have me", which will make commentators feel fresh when reading. In addition, some students are used to reasoning with ancient examples, and the whole article fails to connect with reality, has no running water of the times, and cannot achieve the purpose of full reasoning. It is best to quote fashionable sentences and examples that the media generally pay attention to to to assist reasoning, strengthen the pertinence and sense of the times of reasoning, and make the article more convincing.
5. A good ending is the inevitable result of the development of the full-text content and an important part of the article structure. Shi Tuo, a famous modern writer, once said, "When writing an article, no matter how long it is, we should first consider the ending. With the end, how to start, how to arrange in the middle, it will be solved. " A good ending should be like a leopard tail, loud and powerful, alarming and inspiring. For example, Lu Xun's "On the Collapse of Leifeng Tower" ends with only two words: "What a suck!" Just two words can be said to be concise, penetrating the back of the paper. In fact, the end of an article is sometimes more important than the beginning. Because the rater begins to grade after reading the end, its quality directly affects the rater's scoring psychology. Li Yu once said: "At the end of the article, we should capture the soul with flattering words and let it linger on the picture scroll. If it is hard to say goodbye." If the ending has this effect, the whole article will add a lot of color. At the end of the argumentative paper, collect the full text and highlight the central argument; To reflect the compactness and integrity of the full-text structure, we should not retreat hastily or gild the lily; Language should be crisp and powerful, clear and loud, inspiring and inspiring.
6. Language image and fluency of language items are important criteria for composition scoring. The language of argumentative writing should be accurate, vivid and vivid. When some students write argumentative essays, they often pose as telling the truth. In order to reason thoroughly, they move out the terms of philosophical principles and dialectics, but the effect is counterproductive. There are 1000 versions of a truth. Try to choose a vivid version. In order to show vivid effect, vivid and even gorgeous language is essential in addition to using analogy, analogy and examples. Pay attention to using hypothetical sentences, rhetorical questions or whole sentences to make the article more irrefutable. Although the power of modifying language cannot be achieved overnight, it will naturally improve as long as it is accumulated for a long time.
Argumentative writing details
(1) Think hard 1. Far-sighted: stand tall and look far, not talk about things. Sometimes it seems nothing, but careful analysis can still find problems. It is far-sighted to find problems among seemingly absent problems.
2. See the micro-knowledge: that is to say, we should see a development trend and a major event from small things. 3. From the outside to the inside: Analyze the essence of things from the surface.
4. From this to that: Sometimes two things seem to have nothing to do with each other, but they are actually related to each other. You should be able to hang them up.
(2) Pay attention to materials
1. Own materials
2. Inventory materials: Today's society is an information society. Information is very important to everything, and it should be used to improve the quality of teaching. Information is a warehouse, and some students speak it in a few words. Because they consume little information, they should be good at capturing information and have inventory materials.
3. Use materials: When writing, you should filter the stored material library and extract the materials you need.
(3) The analysis of language expression refines opinions, screens materials, and then language expression. Language is not gorgeous, the key is accuracy and conciseness. Great writers' works never look gorgeous, but they are catchy and stand the test of the times. Just as we read Lu Xun's works now, we can feel the beauty of the language. In fact, the language expression of most students is not a problem. The main problem is that there are few materials and low ideas. [2]
Basic writing methods of argumentative essays
The basic requirements of an argument are: the author's views and opinions; The basic requirements of arguments are: factual arguments (celebrity cases) and rational arguments (authoritative quotes, aphorisms, poems and common sentences); The basic requirements of argumentation are: comparative reasoning, metaphorical reasoning and quotation. When writing an argumentative essay, you should consider the argument, what to use as an argument to prove it, how to demonstrate it, and then draw a conclusion. You can put forward a general argument first, then discuss it separately, analyze each sub-argument, and finally draw a conclusion; You can also quote a story, a dialogue, or describe a scene first, and then analyze the facts layer by layer and draw new conclusions. This way of writing is called total score, which is commonly used by middle school students. You can also ask a question that everyone cares about at the beginning of the article, and then answer it one by one, step by step, which is a difficult way to write. It also requires the author to compare two different things in the opposite way, and then draw a conclusion, which is comparative writing.
Hope to adopt