The title of the thesis, Senior Technician, is a brief analysis of refrigeration technology and refrigeration system of household air conditioning.
Abstract: With the continuous improvement of economic development, people's consumption ability and quality of life are also constantly improving. As a household appliance, air conditioning has become more and more popular. However, with the concern of energy crisis and environmental problems, energy conservation and environmental protection have become the premise of the development and application of new technologies. This paper expounds the air-conditioning refrigeration technology and refrigeration system, analyzes the factors affecting air-conditioning refrigeration and optimization methods, and finally briefly summarizes the development trend of domestic air-conditioning technology in the future.
Keywords: household air conditioner; Refrigeration technology; refrigeration system
China library classification number: F253.3 document identification number: a document number:
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With the rapid development of science and technology in contemporary society, household air conditioners have already entered people's lives, constantly improving and improving people's living standards, so that people can enjoy the convenience brought by science and technology. In family life, household air conditioners are mainly used for cooling in summer and heating in winter. In today's market economy, the domestic air-conditioning market is also expanding year by year. The refrigeration technology of air conditioning affects the acceptance of household air conditioning and whether it can take the lead in the fierce market competition. At the same time, the air conditioning refrigeration system also plays a key role in the refrigeration effect, so it is imperative to optimize the refrigeration system.
1, household air conditioning refrigeration technology
1. 1 household air conditioning refrigerant
R22 is a refrigerant widely used in the field of household air conditioning. Because of its very stable chemical properties, it destroys the ozone layer and does not meet the environmental protection standards, it has been gradually eliminated. New substitutes R407C and R4 10A have been widely used as refrigerants for household air conditioners at home and abroad. Although the two kinds of air-conditioned refrigerators have excellent refrigeration performance and no damage to the ozone layer, they also have shortcomings. Both refrigerants will aggravate the greenhouse effect, so they are not ideal refrigerants for household air conditioners. At present, a large number of researchers at home and abroad are constantly conducting scientific experiments to find the best refrigerant for household air conditioners that is harmless to the environment and has good refrigeration performance. However, this work is long-term and arduous, because the synthetic household air conditioning refrigerant will always have adverse effects on the environment. Therefore, natural refrigerants have become the focus of researchers. These refrigerants are the best choice because they are more convenient to obtain continuously without violating the principle of environmental protection.
1.2 air conditioning refrigeration principle
The refrigeration principle of household air conditioner is that after the air conditioner is started normally, the compressor starts to work, and the low-pressure steam existing in the refrigerant is washed out, converted into high-pressure steam, and then sent to the condenser. At the same time, the axial fan sucks air from the outside and delivers it to the condenser. At the same time, the heat released by the refrigerant is discharged, and the high-pressure steam in the refrigerant is condensed into a liquid state. The condensed high-pressure liquid flows out from the filter and throttling mechanism, and then is sprayed to the evaporator. Based on the principle of heat absorption in evaporation process, the heat is sucked in, exchanged with indoor air, and cold air is sent into indoor environment. Through such repeated work, the indoor temperature of the household air conditioner is reduced to the set temperature, thus completing the work flow. Thermoacoustic refrigeration is a breakthrough in refrigeration technology. Compared with the above refrigeration principle, the advantages of thermoacoustic engine are extremely significant. First of all, we don't need to use any air-conditioning refrigerant that is harmful to the environment, but use inert gas and some similar gas mixtures, which will neither destroy the ozone layer nor cause the greenhouse effect, and will become another new direction of air-conditioning refrigeration technology research. However, thermoacoustic refrigeration technology also has some shortcomings, for example, its refrigeration efficiency is slightly lower, which affects the working efficiency. Whether the efficiency of this refrigeration technology can be improved will become the focus of researchers' work.
1.3 development of air conditioning and refrigeration technology
With the modernization of people's lives, household air conditioners have gradually entered thousands of households and become a necessity in daily life. The development of air conditioning and refrigeration technology has also attracted extensive attention. At the same time, the energy consumption problem of household air conditioners is becoming more and more obvious, and the power consumption of household air conditioners is rising. Therefore, in today's tight power supply and increasing energy consumption, the sales volume of household air conditioners and the development of the industry have been limited to a certain extent. How to reduce the performance of air conditioning refrigeration process is very important for the development of air conditioning refrigeration technology. Therefore, ice storage technology came into being under such conditions and soon became the center of scientific research workers' work. The principle of using ice storage technology is to realize the working process by releasing the amount of melted ice, and the container for storing ice is the cold storage equipment. The application of ice storage refrigeration technology in household air conditioning refrigeration technology has greatly improved the stability of air conditioning system, not only brought huge economic benefits, but also solved the energy consumption problem. In a word, although the rise of domestic air conditioning in China is later than that in developed countries, it has made great progress in the development and popularization of domestic air conditioning refrigeration technology, and the air conditioning refrigeration technology is also moving towards a more environmentally friendly and scientific goal.
2, household air conditioning refrigeration system
2. 1 Functions of components in household air conditioning and refrigeration system
The air conditioning refrigeration system consists of four parts: compressor, expansion valve, condenser and evaporator. The function of the compressor is to continuously convert a large amount of steam generated in the evaporator into high-pressure steam, and then send it to the condenser, where the high-pressure steam condenses, and the heat released by the refrigerant during the whole condensation process is absorbed by the cooling medium. In addition, it can be seen from the heat map of air conditioners that ordinary air conditioners consume a lot of electricity and cannot work reasonably with electric energy. Only in the best system design and working environment can air conditioning achieve the best effect, which can not only maximize the refrigeration capacity, but also reduce energy consumption.
2.2 factors affecting the refrigeration system
There are many factors that affect the refrigeration system, including the following aspects. The first is the influence of temperature. In the process of evaporation, the temperature of the refrigerant should not be higher than the temperature of the air, so that the refrigerant can normally take away the heat of the machine room, and the refrigerant absorbs the heat and evaporates into low-pressure steam, which is then sucked away by the compressor to complete the refrigeration process. Only when there is a temperature difference can the refrigeration system of the air conditioner operate normally, and the determination of the temperature difference should also consider the performance and endurance of the air conditioner itself. Secondly, the evaporator pipeline has the problem of oil pollution. During normal operation of air conditioner, lubricating oil and refrigerant are mutually soluble, so the thermal resistance of oil film can be ignored. But if you add lubricating oil to the pipeline again, you should pay attention to the problem of oil film. At this time, if the newly added lubricating oil is of the same type as the previously used lubricating oil, oil film can be avoided. Thirdly, during the use of household air conditioners, we should also pay attention to cleaning the outdoor unit of the air conditioner regularly to keep it clean, so as to ensure its good heat dissipation effect, improve the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner and reduce power consumption.
2.3 Optimal design of refrigeration system
When the household air conditioner is running normally and the refrigeration system is working, if the rotating speed of indoor and outdoor fans is to be adjusted to the most appropriate value, the range of noise requirements should be considered in the design of the refrigeration system. The most suitable adjustment method of household air conditioner in use is to adjust the noise of internal and external machines within the specified noise range.
3. Prospect of domestic air conditioning refrigeration technology
Judging from the current situation, the future development direction of air conditioning and refrigeration technology is smarter and more environmentally friendly. Whether it can provide consumers with the greatest comfort is another key point of the future development of household air conditioning refrigeration technology. In addition, with the rapid development of network technology, household air conditioning has taken another step towards remote management. When summer comes, people can use the remote management system to turn on the air conditioner at home before work, and then they can enjoy the coolness when they go home. With the increasing shortage of power supply in China, the energy consumption of household air conditioners has also been paid attention by relevant state departments, and China has also begun to pay attention to controllable technologies in air conditioning and refrigeration technology. At present, China's air conditioning and refrigeration technology is also in the leading position in the world in some aspects, such as high-efficiency heat exchangers and compressors. In addition, people's concern for life and health makes people pay more and more attention to the influence of air quality on the quality of life, so household air conditioners assume the responsibility of creating a healthy and high-quality living environment. Existing air conditioning refrigeration technologies such as healthy dehumidification and three-dimensional surrounding natural wind came into being.
4. Conclusion
The emergence of household air conditioners has greatly improved people's quality of life and made people's lives more comfortable. While we continue to enjoy the convenience brought by household air conditioning, we should also consider the issue of environmental protection and energy saving, which is the development direction of household air conditioning refrigeration technology towards a healthier and more environmentally friendly goal. Constantly carry out reform and innovation, accumulate experience in practice to guide the future research of air conditioning and refrigeration technology, continuously optimize the household air conditioning and refrigeration system, realize the diversification of household air conditioning, and make it benefit mankind for a long time.
References:
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Luo Qinghai, Tang Guangfa, Li Tao. Application and Development Prospect of Semiconductor Refrigeration and Air Conditioning [J]. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, 2005(6): 5-9.
[3] Peng. Specific measures to effectively improve the refrigeration capacity of air conditioning and refrigeration system [J]. Science and Technology Information, 20 10 (2 1): 25-25.
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