The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to coal mine safety production. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, governments at all levels, relevant departments and coal mining enterprises conscientiously implemented the spirit of the important arrangements and instructions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on strengthening production safety, adhered to safe development, adhered to the policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management", carried out "two tough battles" on coal mine gas control, rectification and closure, and continuously promoted the basic management of coal mine safety, and successively launched "Hidden Danger Control Year" and "Safe Production Year". Vigorously promote the "three actions" of law enforcement, governance and education in production safety, effectively strengthen the "three constructions" of legal mechanism, support capacity and supervision team in production safety, implement the main responsibility of enterprise safety, strengthen safety management and supervision, and comprehensively improve the level of production safety in coal mines. The work pattern of "national supervision, local supervision and enterprise responsibility" has been gradually improved, and the legal system and mechanism of coal mine safety production have been improved day by day. The main tasks of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan have been fully completed, achieving the goal of obvious improvement in safety production, and achieving remarkable results in coal mine safety production.
The situation of safe production has obviously improved. Compared with 2005, the number of coal mine accident deaths in 20 10 decreased from 5938 to 2433, a decrease of 59%; Serious accidents decreased from 58 to 24, a decrease of 58.6%; The death rate per million tons in coal mines decreased from 2.8 1 1 to 0.749, a decrease of 73%.
The legal system and mechanism have been further improved. Vigorously promote the construction of supporting administrative regulations and local regulations of the Law on Work Safety, and issue amendments to the Criminal Law (VI) and related judicial interpretations; Formulate and promulgate 2 1 departmental rules; More than 300 coal mine safety standards and coal industry standards have been formulated and revised. Four provincial and seven regional coal mine safety supervision institutions and11/provincial safety technical support institutions were added, which enriched and strengthened the supervision force. Improve the coal mine safety supervision and law enforcement systems, establish and improve the coordination and linkage mechanism with relevant departments, implement joint law enforcement, and continuously improve the legal order of coal mine safety production.
Investment in production safety continued to increase. Earnestly implement the measures for the extraction and use of coal mine safety production expenses, continuously increase the extraction of safety expenses, and increase the investment in coal mine safety production; Further improve the economic policies related to the extraction and utilization of coalbed methane, and guide and support enterprises to strengthen the development and utilization of coalbed methane; We continued to invest 654.38+05 billion yuan in treasury bonds, driving coal mining enterprises and local governments to invest 88 billion yuan in safety transformation. The central government invested 2.7 billion yuan in the rectification and closure of coal mines, which eliminated a large number of hidden accidents, further improved the main production systems such as "one ventilation and three defenses", promoted the mechanization and informatization construction of coal mines, and enhanced the safety guarantee capacity of coal mines.
The intensity of administrative law enforcement is constantly increasing. Intensify the crackdown on illegal production, construction and operation, and strengthen the administrative law enforcement of coal mine safety production. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, there were179,000 administrative law enforcement times in coal mine safety production nationwide, and 6.5438+0.68 million hidden dangers were investigated and dealt with. The average rectification rate of hidden dangers reached 96.7%, and 9.65438+0.000 million administrative penalties were imposed, with a total economic penalty of 2.65 billion yuan. In accordance with the principles of "four don't let go" and "follow the rules according to law, seek truth from facts and pay attention to practical results", we will strictly investigate and deal with accidents, earnestly strengthen warning education, and strive to promote the work with the lessons of accidents. 9270 accidents were investigated and dealt with according to laws and regulations, and the settlement rate reached 98%.
Remarkable results have been achieved in gas control. In-depth fight against coal mine gas control has been carried out, a series of gas control regulations and technical standards have been issued, comprehensive gas control focusing on first pumping and then mining has been vigorously promoted, comprehensive outburst prevention measures of "integration of coal and gas outburst mines" have been promoted, and the construction of gas control demonstration mines and demonstration counties (cities) has been actively carried out. In 20 10, the coal mine gas drainage amount reached 8.8 billion cubic meters, and the utilization amount reached 3.5 billion cubic meters, increasing by 282.6% and 250% respectively compared with 2005; Compared with 2005, there were 269 gas accidents and deaths 1548, and the number of accidents and deaths decreased by 65% and 7 1.3% respectively.
Significant progress has been made in rectifying and closing down. Vigorously carry out the tough battle of coal mine rectification and closure, * * * shut down 9535 small coal mines that do not have safe production conditions, eliminated nearly 500 million tons of backward production capacity, and overfulfilled the goal of controlling the number of small coal mines within 65.438+0 million. 20 10 annual output10.2 million tons and above large coal mine output10.8 billion tons, accounting for 58% of the national total output; The output of small coal mines below 300,000 tons is 700 million tons, accounting for 22% of the national total output from 45% in 2005.
Safety basic management has been continuously improved. To study and issue two guiding opinions on strengthening the basic safety management of state-owned key coal mines and small coal mines, promote the standardization of coal mine safety quality, mechanization of small coal mines, safety education and training, and the construction of occupational health and safety teams, and extensively carry out special actions to investigate and manage hidden dangers of accidents. In 20 10, the mechanization degree of coal mining in China reached 64%, which was 19 percentage points higher than that in 2005. There are 359 safe and efficient mines with an output of 65.438+0.02 billion tons. More than 6,000 coal mines nationwide have reached the safety and quality standards at or above the provincial level, and 3.827 million people have been trained in the "three posts" of coal mines. 250,000 coal mine team leaders across the country have been trained in rotation.
The support capacity of safety science and technology has been significantly enhanced. Relying on the national basic research and scientific and technological support plan, the theory of mechanical action mechanism of coal and gas outburst has made a major breakthrough, and a number of advanced and applicable coal mine safety technologies have been developed; Popularize scientific and technological achievements in coal mine safety, eliminate 59 backward equipment and processes, and complete 3 scientific and technological projects; The integrated system of gas control technology in 14 coal mine enterprises is summarized, and the key technologies of gas control in 10 coal mine are extracted. Popularizing 100 gas control technology achievements and implementing 10 gas control demonstration project have significantly improved the modernization, informatization level and scientific and technological support ability of coal mines.
(2) Challenges and opportunities faced by coal mine safety production during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.
The Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is a crucial period for accelerating the transformation of economic development mode, innovating social management, ensuring and improving people's livelihood and realizing safe development. It is also a key stage for the situation of safe production to change from obvious improvement to fundamental improvement. As the top priority of safety production, coal mine safety production faces many challenges.
The strong market demand for coal has increased the pressure on coal mine safety production. It is predicted that by 20 15, the coal market demand will reach 4 billion tons. At present, the coal price is running at a high level, so individual regions and coal mining enterprises can't correctly handle the relationship between safety and production, can't always put safety first, and blindly pursue output and economic benefits. The responsibility for production safety in individual coal mines has not been implemented in place, and the phenomena of illegal production, operation and construction, super capacity, super strength, over-quota production and illegal command, illegal operation and violation of labor discipline are still serious.
The security foundation is still weak and the support ability is low. At present, the average production capacity of coal mining enterprises in China is less than 300,000 tons/year, and there is a shortage of professional and technical personnel in various coal mining enterprises to varying degrees. The shortage of professional and technical personnel in China's coal mining enterprises is about 70 thousand, of which electromechanical professionals account for about 96% and mining professionals account for 88%. The mobility of underground front-line workers is large, and the overall quality of safe production needs to be improved. At present, there are still more than 9,000 coal mines with a production capacity of less than 300,000 tons/year, most of which are backward in production technology, outdated in equipment and low in safety management level. Occupational hazards such as coal mine pneumoconiosis are still serious. At present, more than 5,000 coal mines in China have been integrated into technical transformation, and more than 7,000 projects are under construction. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the integration, merger and reorganization of coal resources will be fully rolled out, and there will be many cross-industry and cross-regional expansion phenomena in the merged and reorganized mines, with multi-level mining standards and diversified mining methods, and relatively weak on-site management, which is prone to accidents.
Coal mine disasters are getting more and more serious. About 9 1% of coal mines in China are well mines, and the mining conditions are the most complicated among the major coal producing countries in the world. The average mining depth of coal mines increases by more than 20 meters every year. With the continuous increase of mining depth and mining intensity, the relative gas emission increases by about 1 m3 per ton, 4% per year in high gas mines and 3% per year in coal and gas outburst mines. The danger of mine outburst has increased, and disasters such as water, fire, rock burst and thermal damage have become increasingly serious, making it more difficult to prevent and resist disasters.
At the same time, coal mine safety production is facing more important opportunities.
Strengthening and innovating social management is the fundamental guarantee for doing a good job in coal mine safety. The Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Strengthening and Innovating Social Management further clearly proposes to strengthen the construction of laws, regulations, policy standards, technical services, emergency rescue, social supervision, education and training systems, implement the main responsibility of enterprises and the supervision responsibility of local governments at all levels, deepen the establishment of safety production standardization and the special rectification of coal mine safety production, which points out the direction for strengthening and improving safety production in the new era; The State Council's "Notice" and a series of major measures related to safety production are important pointers and effective grasping hands for further strengthening safety production in coal mines; The special chapter of "Strict Safety Production Management" in the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan outlines the key points and objectives of the work from the aspects of implementing the main responsibility of enterprises and government supervision.
Accelerating the transformation of economic development mode provides an important opportunity for doing a good job in coal mine safety. With the continuous acceleration of the transformation of economic development mode, the construction of large coal groups and bases has been implemented steadily, the merger and reorganization of coal mining enterprises has been further accelerated, the elimination of backward production capacity has been further promoted, and the coal industrial structure has been further optimized, which is conducive to solving the deep-seated and structural problems that restrict coal mine safety production as soon as possible, such as extensive growth mode, backward technology and low safety guarantee ability, and providing important opportunities for coal mine safety production.
Establishing and perfecting the "six systems" and comprehensively improving the "six capabilities" have laid a solid foundation for doing a good job in coal mine safety production. Establish and improve the enterprise safety guarantee system with a solid foundation, moderate investment and standardized management, a comprehensive, in-place and powerful government supervision and social supervision system, a safety science and technology support system that meets the requirements of industrialization and information development, a comprehensive, complete and targeted safety production laws, regulations and policies system, and a rapid response, flexible and efficient emergency rescue system. The publicity, education and training system, which is grass-roots-oriented, close to reality and diverse carriers, focuses on improving the intrinsic safety level of coal mine enterprises and the six abilities of accident prevention, supervision and law enforcement, mass prevention and treatment, technical equipment safety guarantee, safety production in accordance with laws and regulations, accident rescue and emergency, safety quality of employees and public self-help and mutual rescue, which is conducive to accelerating the construction of a long-term mechanism for coal mine safety production and promoting the sustained, stable and improved situation of coal mine safety production.