Pinyin: Chao 1 dao 3 dao 2ci2
English Name: Superconducting Ceramics
Description: Ceramic materials with superconductivity. Its main feature is zero resistance at a certain critical temperature, which is called zero resistance phenomenon. In the magnetic field, its magnetic induction intensity is zero, that is, diamagnetism or Messner effect. Superconducting ceramic materials with high critical temperature (above 90 K) are composed of Yb _ 2acu _ 3o7-δ, Bi _ 2sr2cu _ 3o 10 and Tl _ 2ba2cu _ 3o 10. Superconducting ceramics have a wide application prospect in strong and weak electricity, such as maglev train, transmission line without resistance loss, superconducting motor, superconducting detector, superconducting antenna, suspension bearing, superconducting gyro, superconducting computer and so on.
Strange superconducting ceramics
In 1973, a superconducting alloy, Nb-Ge alloy, was discovered, and its critical superconducting temperature was 23.2K, which remained for 13 years. 1986, the research center of IBM Company in Zurich, Switzerland reported that an oxide (La-Ba-Cu-O) has high-temperature superconductivity of 35K, which broke the traditional concept that oxide ceramics are insulators and caused a sensation in the world scientific community. Since then, scientists have worked hard against time, and new research results have appeared almost every few days.
At the end of 1986, the critical superconducting temperature of oxide superconducting materials studied by Bell Laboratories reached 40K, which crossed the "temperature barrier" of liquid hydrogen (40K). 1987 In February, Zhu Jingwu, a Chinese-American scientist, and Zhao Zhongxian, a China scientist, successively raised the critical superconducting temperature above 90K on YBCO materials, and the forbidden zone of liquid nitrogen (77K) was miraculously broken. At the end of 1987, thallium, barium, calcium, copper and oxygen materials raised the critical superconducting temperature to 125K. In just over a year, the critical superconducting temperature was actually raised by 100K, which is a miracle in the history of material development and even the history of science and technology!
The continuous appearance of high-temperature superconducting materials paves the way for superconducting materials to move from laboratory to application.