Based on analyzing the influence of the development of e-commerce on the management idea, management method, management means, organization management and talent management of enterprises, this paper puts forward some corresponding countermeasures.
[Keywords:] e-commerce business management impact coping strategies
I. Introduction
With the acceleration of global economic integration and the rapid development of IT technology, Internet/Intranet technology and e-commerce have been widely used, and human beings have entered the era of knowledge economy from the era of industrial economy. In the era of knowledge economy, the business environment in which enterprises live has undergone fundamental changes. Personalized customer demand, accelerated technological innovation, shortened product life cycle and increasingly fierce market competition make it difficult for large enterprises in the industrial economy era to achieve competitiveness in today's market through large-scale production. In the era of industrial economy, the business rules based on MRPII (Manufacturing Resource Planning), the "bureaucratic" management mode and management method are no longer applicable to the development of today's enterprises, and the role and position of e-commerce in modern enterprise management are becoming more and more important.
Second, the impact of e-commerce on enterprise management
The impact of e-commerce on enterprise management is mainly manifested in the following five aspects:
1. the influence of e-commerce on enterprise management thought
E-commerce transcends the category of products and technologies, becomes the carrier of new management mode, and promotes the innovation of management ideas. First of all, e-commerce breaks the geographical and time constraints, making enterprises directly face the global allocation of resources, and enterprises need to establish the concept of globalization. Secondly, e-commerce enables enterprises to face the world directly, which requires enterprises to establish the concept of standardization. Thirdly, e-commerce has changed the way of information transmission, making enterprises realize the "zero time lag" of information acquisition and release, and enterprises need to establish the concept of rapid innovation. Fourth, e-commerce has changed the concept of enterprise management elements, and enterprises should establish the concept of attaching importance to knowledge.
2. The influence of e-commerce on enterprise management.
With the rise and development of e-commerce, enterprises have achieved new breakthroughs in management methods, and many traditional management methods have been upgraded.
In production management, advanced management methods such as modern production process, low inventory production and digital customized production have emerged. The application of e-commerce in enterprise production can be based on management information system (MIS) and computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) to establish computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS). Based on the development of decision support system (DSS), planning and control can be realized through man-machine dialogue, from material requirements planning (MRP) to manufacturing resource planning (MRP-II) and enterprise resource planning (ERP). These new modes of production closely combine information technology and production technology, and promote the traditional mode of production.
In marketing, the biggest impact of e-commerce is to promote the emergence of online marketing. Network marketing is a new marketing method with the help of internet technology, which mainly includes online interactive marketing, online integrated marketing and online customized marketing. Network marketing helps enterprises to consider both customer needs and corporate profits, and find marketing decisions that can maximize corporate interests and meet customer needs. The new international market operation environment requires enterprises to integrate customers into the whole marketing process and communicate with customers continuously throughout the marketing process.
3. The impact of e-commerce on enterprise management tools
The biggest impact of e-commerce on enterprise management means is the application of computers and networks. Computer is the foundation of e-commerce and the modernization of enterprise management means. The application of computers has greatly improved the efficiency of enterprises and realized real "automation". Network makes e-commerce truly become a reality, thus becoming the most advanced management means for enterprises. Enterprises not only form internal networks to share information, but also communicate with external networks to form the Internet. By establishing their own websites, enterprises can keep their business philosophy, enterprise status and product information in a state that anyone can view at any time, thus improving the "contact rate" between enterprises and customers. The application of various management software not only greatly saves the manpower and material resources of enterprises, but also improves the operating efficiency of enterprises.
4. The impact of e-commerce on enterprise organization and management
The traditional organization is based on the communication and control of information flow and the refinement of division of labor. Whether it is linear, linear functional or business division system, it is a vertical structure from top to bottom. Traditional organizations emphasize professional division of labor and sequential delivery, which is bloated and inefficient in the information age of rapid development of e-commerce. The traditional enterprise organization with meticulous division of labor can no longer meet the needs of e-commerce development. In the increasingly competitive information age, e-commerce is profoundly changing the traditional organizational structure and promoting the modernization of enterprise management organization, which is also the inevitable result of enterprises participating in fierce market competition in order to improve operational efficiency and have strong competitiveness. E-commerce is making enterprise organizations tend to be flat in structure, decentralized in decision-making and virtualized in operation.
5. The impact of e-commerce on enterprise talent management
Talents are the core of enterprise management, and enterprises need different talents in different business environments. In the era of rapid rise of e-commerce, modern management talents are needed. Specifically, such talents need to have at least the following three levels of modernization. The first is the concept. The basis of enterprise concept is the concept of enterprise management talents, so changing enterprise concept is ultimately to change the concept of enterprise management talents. Modern management talents need to have the concept of globalization and rapid innovation, which is the inevitable requirement of large amount of information and fast transmission speed of e-commerce. The second is ability. Under the influence of e-commerce, there are corresponding changes and innovations in the organization, methods and means of enterprise management, so people are required not only to have corresponding professional knowledge, but also to have knowledge of understanding and using electronic networks, so as to quickly understand, adapt and enter the e-commerce environment, skillfully operate and operate e-commerce activities, and have the ability to learn and make progress from them. Third, in terms of professional ethics, in addition to observing the basic professional ethics, we should pay special attention to credibility.
Third, the enterprise's coping strategies
Enterprises should adopt advanced information technology in today's world, carry out R&D and production from a high starting point, apply information technology to the whole process of enterprise management, and cultivate and develop the demand for e-commerce on the basis of establishing a modern enterprise system, which is the need of international operation of enterprises and the foundation of leap-forward development of enterprises in China. To this end, the following measures should be taken:
1. Establish the business philosophy of innovative management.
Now the world has entered the era of borderless competition, and the fixed conventional management can no longer adapt to it, and it will be replaced by innovative management. The so-called innovative management means that it can quickly adapt to the rapid changes of science and technology and business environment, constantly carry out conceptual innovation, strategic innovation, institutional innovation, organizational innovation and market innovation, and infiltrate innovation into the management process as a regular main management responsibility.
2. Carry out necessary enterprise transformation.
Enterprise reengineering is a management revolution. Since 1990s, the United States and other industrialized countries have set off a vigorous enterprise reorganization movement. In the west, the enterprise reengineering movement is regarded as the second industrial and commercial management revolution after the total quality management movement. Some companies in Asian countries have also begun to re-examine their business processes, organizational systems, efficiency and competitiveness. This movement has aroused close attention and great interest from the theoretical and industrial circles in various countries. Many people believe that the impact of this management revolution on today's enterprises can be compared with the division of labor theory put forward by Adam Smith two centuries ago.
Rebuilding an enterprise is to fundamentally reconsider and design the original basic beliefs and business processes, with a view to achieving a great leap forward improvement in important performance indicators such as cost, quality, service and efficiency. The technical basis of this management revolution is the universal coverage of information networks to various departments and posts within enterprises. This enables employees to obtain any information related to their own business in the enterprise through the network, which greatly saves the circulation and delay of reports and data between different functional departments, shortens the whole production cycle, greatly simplifies management personnel and improves work efficiency. At the same time, it also helps to form a new situation in which every employee understands and cares about the overall situation in his own post.
3. Focus on global strategy
The first is to develop and allocate resources on a global scale. In the development and allocation of business resources such as capital, labor, technology, etc., multinational companies gradually shift from domestic focus to global overall consideration and rational allocation, that is, allocate capital according to different profits and taxes and different financial risks in different regions; According to the technological development level and advantages of different regions, set up corresponding technological development centers, organize technological development, and enhance technological competitiveness; Utilize and develop human resources according to business needs.
Second, actively carry out international collaborative research and development. On the one hand, it pays more attention to the research and development of domestic enterprises and constantly improves the technical level; On the other hand, actively establish international collaborative research and development institutions to improve the comprehensive technical competitiveness.
Third, establish an efficient production system based on international division of labor and cooperation. Multinational companies are changing the traditional management mode of domestic production, supplemented by overseas production, and strive to establish an efficient production system based on international division of labor and cooperation.
Fourth, strengthen and improve the international marketing network. By using local marketing talents or strengthening training, multinational companies will vigorously cultivate marketing talents who know both marketing and foreign languages, as well as local cultural characteristics and consumption habits, improve international networks, establish information exchange mechanisms, improve information enjoyment and accurately grasp marketing information; Strengthen the connection between marketing and R&D, and develop marketable products according to market demand information.
4. Pay attention to the management of transnational diversified culture
Management activities are combined with different cultures to form different management philosophies and styles. It has been analyzed that the management of the United States is centered on "law", while that of Japan is centered on "reason" and that of China is centered on "emotion". Law-centered management, emphasizing respect for rules and order and pursuing Excellence, makes it always in the leading position of innovative management; Rational-centered management pays attention to coming from behind, is good at improving other people's successful management mode, pursues utility at the expense of morality, and pursues group interests at the expense of personal interests; Emotion-oriented management focuses on exploring people's inner potential and enthusiasm, and emphasizes the "human harmony" effect of management. Emphasis is placed on people's role and value realization, lax management of systems and regulations, and insufficient expression of rational spirit in personnel relations.
5. Pay attention to the improvement of the quality of business operators.
The close relationship between the success or failure of enterprises and the quality of enterprise managers is increasingly recognized by the state and enterprises. Today's operators need at least the following four basic qualities to make their business successful:
First of all, operators should be able to accept new challenges. Enterprises must respond quickly to the ever-changing environment. Second, business operators should have certain technical skills. Ignorance of technology will be harmful to making correct decisions at critical moments and losing market opportunities. Third, the success of enterprises now depends largely on the ability of their leaders to operate funds. Business operators should fully understand the management of the most important assets of an enterprise-cash, stocks and bonds. Fourthly, the success of an enterprise depends on the management and training of human resources.
6. Establish a cross-functional mobile organization
Adapting to the rapid changes in the business environment requires organizations to have greater flexibility and greatly improve the overall comprehensive efficiency of the organization. Due to the interweaving of various management activities and the increasingly complex business environment, any important activities need the cooperation and cooperation of various professionals. It is necessary to break through the strict division of labor, to achieve a specific goal and task, to achieve functional reorganization, to establish a cross-functional mobile team, and to enhance the vitality, efficiency and overall synergy of the system.
7. Enterprise management has changed from product-driven to customer-driven
Satisfying consumers will be the key to the success of future enterprises. Enterprises should not only accept this philosophy on the surface, but also regard it as the main driving force of business decision-making; We should not simply integrate customer needs into the development process of new products or services, but should take meeting customer needs as the basic principle of all activities of enterprises, and be willing and able to put customers at the center of the organization. More and more enterprises begin to establish incentive and reward systems based on customer satisfaction. Customer-driven companies should abandon the traditional practice of only caring about price and product quality, and pay attention to customer value and total quality management. Therefore, enterprises will adopt customer information management system more and more early to monitor the changes of customer demand and enterprises in time.
Four. Concluding remarks
In a word, the promotion of e-commerce can effectively improve the decision-making level, work efficiency and market quick response ability of enterprises, reduce product costs, promote market sales, improve internal management of enterprises, optimize enterprise supply chain and sales chain, and thus greatly improve economic benefits. Therefore, promoting e-commerce in enterprises is a very effective means to enhance the comprehensive strength and market competitiveness of enterprises. Especially in the current situation of economic globalization, enterprises are facing fierce competition in international and domestic markets. Only by promoting the e-commerce construction of enterprises and improving their comprehensive strength and market competitiveness can they be in a favorable position in the fierce market competition. E-commerce will further promote enterprise management innovation, realize modern enterprise management and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.
References:
[1] translated by Graepp. Schneider James T. Perry, etc. Electronic commerce [M]. Machinery Industry Press, 2005, 70 ~ 77
[2] Allen Afua Christopher L. Twitch (USA) [M]. Internet business model and strategy-theory and case [M]. Tsinghua University Publishing House, 2002, 77 ~ 79.
[3] Wang Hehe, Zhang Jianglin. Influence of e-commerce on strategic cost management of enterprises [J]. Modernization of shopping centers, 2005, 5: 69 ~ 70
[4] Fonda R. Looms, Robert J. Vokurka, Karen L. Albert strategic supply chain.
Planning [J]. Journal of Production and Inventory Management,1998,8 (2): 44-50
[5] Lan, Zheng. Supply chain management in e-commerce era [J]. China Management Science, 2000,9 (3):15 ~17.
[6] Zheng Youjing. E-commerce: 265,438+a great economic growth point in the 20th century [J]. Quantitative economic research, 65,438+0999,7 (5): 50 ~ 57
For reference only, please learn by yourself.
I hope it helps you.