Directory [hidden]
1 national socialism
Characteristics of 1. 1
The Origin of the Third Reich
3 souvenirs
4 prewar policy 1933- 1939
4. 1 unified forces
4.2 Economic policy
5 related projects
6 footnotes
[Editor] National Socialism
See also Nazism.
National socialism is also called Nazism. Nazi is the abbreviation of German "National Socialist", which originally meant party member and his supporters of the German National Socialist Workers' Party (NSDAP). Today in Europe (especially Germany), it refers to the general extreme right fascism.
Nazi Germany (Adolf Hitler), militaristic Japan (Hirohito, Hirohito) and fascist Italy (Benito Mussolini) formed the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis Alliance Group, which was the instigator of the outbreak of World War II.
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The Nazi regime was characterized by its political control over all aspects of society ——(Gleichschaltung) in pursuit of "purity" in race (Aryans, Nordic whites), society and culture. The Nazi party achieved its goal by persecuting what it thought was impure, especially ethnic minorities such as Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals and political enemies. For the political opposition in this period, see German Resistance Movement.
This persecution reached its peak in the last years of the regime. About 6 million Jews,10 million Slavs and other people were systematically killed. This crime of genocide is called HoloCust in English (meaning "Holocaust"), Shoah in Hebrew, and the Nazi euphemistically called it "final settlement" in German (Endl? Song dynasty, generally speaking, killing Jews is called "final solution")
The Nazi Party organized an "elite organization" with various functions-the SS for short, which included quasi-religious functions, intelligence functions, quasi-police functions and an armed force (called "armed SS"). At first, this army was composed of strictly selected people with Aryan ancestry (but later it became mixed with the deterioration of the situation). Known as the elite of Nazi armed forces, it often played the role of battlefield fireman in the late war.
[Editor] The Origin of the Third Reich
1942 the word "the third Reich" in Nazi Germany originated from Joachim, the last Italian theologian and founder of the Florentine Sect. In its original sense, fiore and other medieval theologians interpreted the Bible text as "Reich des Vaters" and "Reich des Sohnes" followed by "Reich des heiligen Geistes", that is, after God saved the world, it was perfect and endless, and it was composed of the Father and the Son.
In modern times, the concept of "the Third Reich" has been divorced from the theological field and used in romantic literature and even conservative political revolution. 1923, Arthur Moeller van den Bruck advocated the establishment of a new country to replace the Weimar Republic, and at the same time it was in the same strain as the Holy Roman Empire (the first empire) and the German Empire (the second empire) led by Prussia. This concept is widely quoted by anti-Democrats and radical right-wing groups (including Nazis) in Weimar Republic.
According to a book written by Arthur Moeller van den Brooke, the Holy Roman Empire is the first empire and the Prussian Empire is the second. Arthur thinks that after the defeat of Weimar Republic in 19 19, the Germans will regain their glory for Germany and establish the "Third Reich".
[Editor] Souvenir
Weimar Republic (including the events that led to Hitler's appointment as German Chancellor in 1933)
Integration (Nazi's legal means to establish dictatorship)
Racial Policy in Nazi Germany (History of Discrimination Policy)
World War II (centered on military events)
[Editor] Prewar Policy 1933- 1939
The huge reparations of World War I made Weimar * * * and China's democracy * * * and government unable to bear. The failure to solve social problems such as the Great Depression and unemployment (such as the * * * production party riots) made many Germans turn to support the right wing, and Hitler's Nazi party was one of the extreme right wings. Hitler promised to reduce unemployment and carry out economic, cultural and military reforms. 1October 30th, Paul von Hindenburg, the second president of Weimar, appointed Hitler as German Chancellor.
[Editor] Unified strength
1933 On February 27th, after the arson in Parliament, Hitler immediately announced the "order to defend the country and the people" and abolished civil liberties, which was the first step for Germany to step into totalitarianism.
1933 1 In September, Hitler first used "the Third Reich" to refer to Germany under his rule at the Nazi Party Congress held in Nuremberg. This country has been "a thousand years".
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1August 2, 934, after Paul von Hindenburg's death, Hitler took control of Germany, abolished the presidential system, became the head of Germany, and sent 100000 spies to monitor domestic critics and dissidents.
In July 1939, 10, the propaganda minister Goebbels officially announced that it was abandoned and changed to "Great German Empire" (Gro? German Empire) replaced. See German history for details.
Hitler then seized the legislative power, eradicated the opposition forces one by one, and then established the Third Reich.
At that time, Germany's overall economy was improved because of the Nazi party's war economic plan, and the people's living standards were also greatly improved. But many non-party political opponents, especially industrialists and some socialists, were sent to concentration camps. It is estimated that thousands of political victims died or disappeared during the initial Nazi rule.
At the end of World War II, according to Hitler's will, Deng Nici Admiral of the fleet, commander of the Northern Theater, was the president and Goebbels, the propaganda minister, was the prime minister. But Goebbels committed suicide immediately after Hitler committed suicide, and soon Deng Nici surrendered to the Allies. The era of the "Third Reich" is over.
[Editor] Economic policy
During the Great Depression, the number of unemployed people surged and the unemployment rate was as high as 40%. Under the leadership of gaimar schacht, a new economic policy was drafted. At that time, trade unions were easily controlled by * * * producers and * * * producers' parties, and one of the new economic policies of the Nazi Party was to abolish trade unions and implement strict wage control.
On the other hand, Hitler rebuilt his army and carried out large-scale projects (the expressway was invented at this time). In a short time, the number of unemployed people dropped sharply. (From 6 million to 2 million)