Li Yu's Ci has inherited the tradition of Hua Jian Ci poets such as Wen and Wei Zhuang since the late Tang Dynasty, and was influenced by Li Jing and others, which promoted the creation of Ci. The main results are as follows:
(1) expands the expression field of words. Li Yu's previous writings were mainly erotic and shallow in content. Even if it contains a little hug, it mostly adopts figurative techniques, which are hidden but not revealed. However, most of Li Yu's works are straightforward, pouring out his life and feelings of the country and expressing his true feelings. Therefore, Wang Guowei said: "When the word arrived in Li Houzhu, its vision began to widen and its feelings deepened, so it became a musician's word and a scholar-bureaucrat's word." ("Words on Earth")
② It has high universality. Li Yu's ci often reflects a certain realm of universal significance in real life through concrete and sensible personality images. "The small building was easterly last night, so the old country could not bear to look back at the bright moon ([Yu Meiren])," The flowing water has come out in spring, and on earth ([Langtaosha]), "People naturally grow up and hate water ([Wu Yeti])," Hate is like spring grass, but live farther ([Qingpingle]) and other famous sentences have profound meanings.
③ Language is natural, refined and expressive. His writing is not gorgeous, but touching; Not vague, but meaningful; Form a fresh and beautiful artistic feature.
(4) originality in style. Hua and Southern Tang poets are generally good at euphemism, while Li Yu is good at euphemism. For example, Yu Louchun's Hao Dang, Wu Ye Tiao, Langtaosha's and Bitterness are all men and women (see Tan Xian's Tang Fu, Yu Meiren and If a pony is born) (Zhou Ji, like Na Lanxingde, said, "Hua Jian Ci is like an ancient jade, which is valuable but not applicable, Song Ci is applicable but of little quality, and Li Houzhu has its beauty and makes people. (Miscellaneous Notes of Green Water Pavilion)
Zhao Qing's words are wonderful, unique, unprecedented and unprecedented. He is honored as the natural and graceful founder and a monument in the history of spiritual civilization in China.
Li Qingzhao's ci can be divided into two periods, one before Du Nan and the other after. Early ci mainly described the theme of hurting spring resentment and boudoir life, which showed the sentimental personality of female ci writers. Such as "Like a Dream" describes the feelings of cherishing spring and loving flowers:
The rain last night dispelled the wind, and a deep sleep did not eliminate the residual wine.
I don't know if the shutter people know that begonia should be green, fat, red and thin.
The lyrics she wrote for Zhao Mingcheng's "Going Out" are even more affectionate and unique. For example, Drunken Flowers describes that the poetess feels lonely during the Double Ninth Festival, so she uses yellow flowers as a metaphor to say:
The fog is thick and the clouds are sad forever, the golden beast is sold in the festival, and the jade pillow gauze kitchen is cool in the middle of the night.
Dongli holds the dark fragrance sleeves of wine. After dusk, the roller blinds are not charming. Westerners are thinner than yellow flowers.
Her later poems are full of emotional feelings of "things are wrong", thus expressing her deep attachment to her old country and the past. For example, the first part of Slow Sound shows the poet's hopeless sense of loss and the sad expression of being alone in the "cold and lonely, miserable and miserable" environment. The next film is to move the scene and feel sorry for yourself: "Who can watch the window now?" How can the black phoenix tree grow alone? It rained in Mao Mao until dusk. What is the first sad word this time? " The whole word is clear in language, fast in rhythm and sad in tone. Another famous poem, Yong Yu Le, started from the Lantern Festival and missed the past "the heyday of Zhongzhou". The next piece reads:
In the prosperous days of Zhongzhou, I remember focusing on three or five shops and green crowns.
Twisting Jin Xue willow for Chu, today gaunt wind and frost.
It's better to listen to people laughing under the curtains when you go out at night.
The whole poem reveals deep sorrow for the changes of the country, joy for the past and sorrow for the present. Later, Liu Chenweng, a poet at the end of the Song Dynasty, couldn't help crying for it.
Li Qingzhao's ci has a unique style and is called "Yi 'an Style" by later generations. The main characteristics of Li Ci are: First, she created her own female identity and special experience, created an unprecedented female image with distinctive personality, and expanded the emotional depth and ideological connotation of traditional graceful ci. Second, he is good at extracting vivid and fluent language from written language and daily spoken language; Good at using painting and description techniques to form a seamless realm.
Looking around, lonely and sad. It's the hardest to stop breathing when it's warm and cold. Three glasses and two glasses of wine, how can you compare with it? It's too late to worry. Guo Yan is very sad, but this is an old acquaintance. The yellow flowers are piled all over the floor, withered and damaged, and now no one can pick them. Looking out the window, how can you be alone? Indus is drizzling, and at dusk, it is falling. This time, what a sad sentence!
Yes, her worries about the country, her family, her feelings and her studies are really a word!
What is Li Qingzhao looking for? From her life experience and poetry articles, we can at least see that she is looking for three things. The first is the future of the country and the nation. She doesn't want to see the mountains and rivers broken, don't want to "drift away from people" and "want to send blood and tears to the mountains and rivers". At this point, she has something in common with Yue Fei, Lu You and later Xin Qiji. But as a woman, she can neither gallop on the battlefield like Yue Fei, nor engage in a lawsuit like Xin Qiji, nor have political and literary friends like Lu and Xin, and can beat the railing with pain. She didn't even have a chance to associate with them, only one person. The second is to find a happy love. She has a happy family and a happy love, but it is broken in an instant. She also had a dream of finding happiness again, but to make matters worse, she was even put in chains and jailed. It was also recorded in the history books as a "never-ending night sacrifice", and was subjected to this strange humiliation before and after his death. What can she say? Only one person is sad. The third is to find your own value. With extraordinary talent and diligence, and with the help of the power of love, she completed her masterpiece Jin Shilu academically, reaching an unprecedented height in Ci. However, that society was not surprised and did not take credit for it. Even the 10-year-old girl said that "talent is not a woman's business", and even later when Lu You wrote an epitaph for this woman named Sun, she thought this was a good statement. Patriotic poets with Lu You's lineage also believe that "talent is not a woman's business". What else did Li Canqing say? She had to chew her desolation alone, and there was only one kind of sadness.