A paper generally consists of title, author, abstract, keywords, text, references and appendices, some of which (such as appendices) are dispensable.

1, paper title

Requirements are accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.

2. Contents

A table of contents is a short list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)

3. Platform for Action

It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and concise content.

4, keyword definition

Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".

Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).

5. The text of the paper

(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.

(2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:

A. Questions-arguments;

B, analyze the problem-arguments and arguments;

C, solving problems-demonstrating methods and steps;

D. conclusion.

Step 6 refer to

Thesis references are the main documents that can be referenced or cited in research and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should be marked on a new page according to GB77 14-87 "Description Rules of References at the End of Documents".

7. Paper binding

All relevant parts of the paper were copied out. After inspection, there is no problem. Put it in the book and add a cover. The cover of the paper should be concise and generous, and the title, school, department, instructor's name, author's name and completion date should be written. The author's name of the thesis topic must be written on the surface, not on the supplementary page inside.

Extended data

Matters needing attention

1. The graduation thesis is printed on a4 paper, with margins of 2.8cm above, 2.5cm below, 3cm on the left and 2.5cm on the right, and the line spacing multiple (the set value is1.25); The character spacing is the default value (zoom 100%, spacing: standard), and the cover is the cover uniformly designated by the Academic Affairs Office.

2. Font requirements

The font used in the paper is required to be Song Ti.

3. Font size

The preface and title of the first level are in small three bold letters; The preface and title of the second level are in bold type 4; The order and title of Grade 3 and below are the same as those of Grade 2, and the text is Grade 4.

4. Header and page number

Each page of the graduation thesis has a header, in the middle of which is Song Ti No.5, which is printed with "Graduation thesis (design) of xx science students of XX University". Page numbers are arranged in the footer of the text with Arabic numerals (No.5) and written in the middle.

5. Abstracts and keywords

Chinese abstract and keywords: the word "abstract" is written in bold, centered, and two spaces are added between "abstract" and "important", and the content is in small four. The three words "keywords" are written in small four-character bold, usually 3-5.

The English abstract should correspond to the Chinese abstract, and the font is times new roman.

6. Contents

The word "directory" is written in bold, with three words in the middle, and there are two spaces between "mu" and "Lu". The first level uses three-level fonts, and the titles of other levels use four-level fonts.

7. Text

All the title levels of the text should be neat and clear, and the same level should be expressed in a unified font. The first level is "one", "two" and "three", the second level is "1. 1", 1.2 "and 1.3", and the third level is "1"

8. Reference

References should start a new page after the text, and there should be quotation marks in the text, such as ××××××.

9. Foreign Language Materials and Translation

Baidu encyclopedia-paper format

Baidu Encyclopedia-Papers