Research background of (1) project:

In the long-term teaching process, when teachers check students' homework, it is not difficult to find a prominent and thorny problem, that is, the quality of homework is not as good as that of school homework, which is manifested in: several students in each class can't finish their homework in time, and many students have a poor attitude towards homework, which can be seen from the handwriting, scrawled (far from the carefully written words) and untidy pages. When doing homework, I am not very serious, speed, quality, carelessness, perfunctory, smearing, dirty and messy writing, and many mistakes. Sometimes I panic, either copying the wrong topic or writing the wrong symbol. In order to be quick, you don't have to do it by hand. Even if you do it by hand, you just grab a piece of paper, or simply do it on the cover of a book or exercise book, in the newspaper, or even on the table or in your hand, which makes it dazzling and difficult to identify. Sometimes even if calculus is right, copying exercise books is wrong. For students' homework, many rural parents don't pay attention to students' study, and they don't care whether students do their homework or just urge them on the surface. As for whether they have done it, they won't go to see it. Some students are left-behind children, and there are only grandparents at home, and no one cares. In view of these phenomena, I

(2) Definition of subject:

"Homework" refers to the homework that students finish after class. "Design" refers to the form and method of homework, and "actual effect" refers to the actual effect and better effect. "Improving the effectiveness of primary school math classroom assignment design" refers to investigating the situation of primary school students' math homework, further discussing it, and putting forward corresponding improvement measures on this basis, so as to get better results.

(iii) Theoretical basis of the theme:

1. Multiple intelligence theory. Gardner believes that intelligence is multiple, not a single ability, but a group of abilities, including linguistic intelligence and mathematical intelligence.

2. Metacognitive theory. Homework aimed at cultivating self-management ability in learning can promote the improvement of students' metacognitive ability. The core of metacognitive ability is the ability of self-management, regulation and monitoring of cognitive activities. The enlightenment is: some homework should be done by students independently, which can cultivate students' self-monitoring ability; Some homework can consider the participation of parents and the cooperation of classmates, which is helpful for students to form harmonious interpersonal relationships.

3. The new concept of homework in the new curriculum standard. The homework of the new curriculum is no longer completely dependent on classroom teaching, but an important content to rebuild and enhance the curriculum and the meaning of life. Homework becomes the resume of students' growth, which stimulates students' positive emotions, attitudes and values. Every assignment has become the growing point of students' growth. Students' attitude towards homework should also become a life attitude, so that students can experience happiness and happiness, distress and hardship in the process of homework.

(4) Project demonstration:

1. Review of related research literature:

(1) Doing a good job in studying the effectiveness of math homework design is conducive to improving teachers' theoretical literacy and teaching practice experience. At the same time, for students, good homework design is a useful supplement to classroom teaching, thus improving students' mathematical ability more comprehensively.

(2) Doing a good job in the study of the effectiveness of homework design is conducive to better reducing students' academic burden, stimulating students' curiosity and observation, enriching students' extracurricular study life, and cultivating students' ability to find and solve problems. Form a good habit of actively learning mathematics knowledge.

(3) Doing a good job in studying the effectiveness of homework design will help students to actively use what they have learned, solve some practical problems in real life, form practical skills, and better unite and cooperate.

2. The importance and necessity of research:

Students' homework is one of the important means to feedback the teaching effect, and it is also one of the important contents of curriculum reform. The purpose of designing personalized homework is to reform the homework in and out of class through selective, expanding and interesting teaching strategies, so that students can finish their homework consciously, actively and actively. Personalized homework can effectively stimulate students' learning motivation and change "asking me to do" into "doing what I do", so as to enjoy the success and happiness brought by homework and promote students' all-round and healthy development.

3. Objectives of the study:

(1) Through research, a new homework design system combining basic homework with open homework in various disciplines is constructed.

(2) Through research, highlight emotions and explore diversified job evaluation methods.

(3) Stimulate students' positive emotions, attitudes and values through research, thus not only effectively promoting students' academic performance.

Second, the process and methods.

(1) Research contents:

To carry out special research on "primary school math homework" is to let students "use math" in real activity scenes, so that math homework can be truly based on students' independent activities. Through all kinds of homework design and exploration, students can learn mathematics happily, master mathematical knowledge, and more importantly, acquire mathematical methods and skills, develop their intelligence, and cultivate their innovative spirit and practical ability.

The process and method of research:

1. research object: students of grade three and grade four in our school.

2. Research methods:

The research of this topic is carried out in the form of action research, which integrates the following research methods:

(1) survey method: According to the questionnaire prepared in advance, the students were investigated on related matters and some experimental conclusions were drawn.

(2) Observation method: Observe students' behavioral responses to new assignments and evaluations under natural normality, use descriptive recording methods, collect certain factual data and basis, and sort them out.

(3) Experience summary method: summarize the facts and basis in the research process rationally, and upgrade the local and personalized experience to the original rational understanding with universal significance.

(4) Case study method: Select representative 1-2 students in the class for comprehensive and systematic continuous observation, and record their development and changes according to the time process.

3. Research process:

1. Formation stage: (March 2065438 +0 1 —— April 2065438+01)

(1) Investigate and analyze the quality of mathematics homework in the third grade of primary school, and do a pre-test in advance.

(2) Collect widely the literature about improving the quality of primary school mathematics homework.

(3) Draw up the project implementation plan, ask experts for guidance, and declare the project.

2. Implementation stage (June 2065438+065438+0-June 2065438 +02)

(1) According to the research plan, the attitude of the third and fourth grade students towards homework was investigated, and the attitude of the students towards homework was corrected through research. (Completion time: 20165438+September 0)

(2) Investigate the evaluation methods of fourth-grade math teachers on homework, rectify the problems in evaluation, and improve the design ability of teachers' homework. (Completion time: 2065438+March 2002)

(3) Combining with the investigation, find out the ways and methods to effectively improve the quality of math homework in rural primary schools. Using research results to improve the quality of fractional mathematics homework. (Completion time: 2065438+April 2002)

(4) Read short articles, teaching cases and educational stories 1 article every month, complete reading notes of not less than 40,000 words during the research process, set up a topic blog, and timely release information such as research progress and learning experience. (Completion time: Accompany the whole research process) Establish the primary school students' homework quality management system (Completion time: 2165438+May 2002)

3. Specific implementation contents:

Specific month

Implementation content

comment

2011March to April

1, understand the current situation of students.

2. Learn relevant theoretical knowledge.

3. Formulate and adopt the research plan.

20 1 1 September

1. assignment method and effective feedback mode.

2. Communicate with parents and instruct them how to correct homework for their children.

20 1 1 year 1 1 month

The teacher teaches students the method of introspection.

20 1 1 65438+ February

1, implementation comparison, aiming at the comparison before the implementation plan, the shortcomings are found.

2. Stage summary.

March 20 12

Explore the target.

April 20 12

Checking the feedback of homework in time will greatly promote students to develop good habits.

2065438+May 2002

The display of students' homework.

June 20 12

Summarize, accumulate experience, write papers and popularize good practices.

4. Summary stage: (May 20 12-June 2065438+02)

According to the research content, collect, sort out and classify the materials, synthesize the research materials, and make a comprehensive and scientific summary of the subject, focusing on typical cases and papers. Write the research report and work report, put forward the application for project conclusion and complete the paper "Basic Methods and Ways to Effectively Improve the Quality of Math Work in Rural Primary Schools".

Third, the content of the study

1, design difference operation

Dozens of students in the class have different intelligence, different abilities and different foundations. When assigning homework, if it is the same, it will not show personality, and the homework will be too abstruse, which will hurt the confidence of middle and lower level students, make them feel afraid of mathematics because they can't taste the joy of success, and is not conducive to the teaching and transformation of poor students. Homework is too simple, but it is a waste for excellent students and will make their level stagnate. How can we satisfy both excellent students and poor students? When assigning homework, I add a "daily question" on the basis of the required questions, such as: for students with poor foundation, add several basic questions to let them complete each homework, train from shallow to deep, let them taste the joy of success and become interested in mathematics; For students with excellent grades and quick thinking, add a few additional questions with certain difficulty to train their thinking.

2. Design practical work

The new curriculum advocates students to actively explore, obtain information, innovate knowledge, and cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems. Teachers should combine mathematics with practice when assigning math homework, for example, let them experience the weight of objects in the supermarket, deepen their understanding of grams and kilograms, buy things in the market, deepen their understanding of RMB, improve their computing ability in the calculation process, and investigate some data in the factory to deepen their understanding of statistical knowledge. ...

3. Cultivate good work habits

Teachers should teach them homework habits, supervise their homework habits and attitudes, and help them develop good homework habits. Homework should also be approved as much as possible. After correcting homework, students should do wrong questions again and strengthen their knowledge.

4. Combining home and school to cultivate students' sense of learning responsibility.

Try every means to contact your family after class and tell them the homework of the day, so that they can supervise and inspect more effectively. Among the left-behind students, grandparents or other relatives take care of them, so that these family members have a certain ability to help and check their homework and play a supervisory role in the study of the left-behind students.

Fourth, the research results:

(A) students' behavior and habits

1, improve students' understanding of the importance of doing math homework, and make it clear that learning math well can be used in class, after class, from sources and in life, and in life. Further broaden knowledge, accumulate problem-solving methods and improve problem-solving ability.

2. Cultivate students' interest in completing math homework and create opportunities for students to express themselves and develop themselves.

3. Do not take homework as a burden, fully meet the learning needs of different students, and let each student gain something from the homework.

4. Enhance students' sense of ownership and make them willing to do their homework. Students' thinking ability and learning ability have been improved.

5. Further train students to finish their homework independently and carefully, carefully check their homework, form a good habit of overcoming their fear of difficulties and dependence on homework, get rid of the bad habit of procrastination, and form a decisive and strong personality.

(2) Through research, I think a good homework design should at least have the following "six characteristics".

1, poor.

As the saying goes: Ten fingers are of different lengths. The Curriculum Standard of Primary Mathematics also emphasizes: "Different people get different development in mathematics". Recognizing the differences in students' learning, dividing levels and designing assignments with different difficulties can allow students at different levels to freely choose the assignments they need according to their actual situation. Imitation homework can make students with learning difficulties full, variant exercises can make middle school students eat well, and the application of improved questions can make students with spare capacity eat well.

2. Interesting.

"Interest is the best teacher", "Students' mathematics learning activities should be a lively, proactive and personalized process". We should play a unique role in stimulating students' interest in learning mathematics. For example, in order to improve the accuracy of students' calculation, the first-grade math teacher designed a game problem of "helping the duckling find a home", that is, sticking a small house with math problems on it on the velvet board, and the duckling's head was covered with numbers. The teacher told the students with nursery rhymes: A group of ducklings went out to look for food and got lost at home. Who can be a guide and find a home for ducks? Hearing this, the students scrambled to be tour guides. At that time, the classroom atmosphere was extremely active, and everyone actively used their brains to calculate problems. A calculation exercise, because it is interesting, enlivens the learning atmosphere and greatly improves the learning effect.

3. autonomy.

Emphasizing students' dominant position is the core idea of "Primary Mathematics Curriculum Standard". There are two meanings to embody students' subjectivity in homework design: one is to let students participate in homework design. Second, leave enough space for students to explore freely.

4. practicality.

"Everyone learns valuable mathematics". What is valuable mathematics? I think in short, mathematics comes from life and helps to solve practical problems. Good homework should help students form practical ability.

5. Cooperation.

With the progress of social science and technology, a lot of work often needs the cooperation of many people or some people. In the new mathematics curriculum goal, it has been clearly required that "students learn to cooperate with others and exchange the process and results of thinking with others". We should pay great attention to this goal in our homework. For example, in the review class of "Plane Graphic Area", I designed an exercise to measure the area of each lawn on campus and calculate the average lawn area of our school.

The students in the study group are busy working together, measuring, memorizing, calculating ... In the process of mathematics activities, students' cooperative learning ability is cultivated, and in the process of communicating with them, students experience the pleasure of cooperating with others.

6. Extensibility.

The basic starting point of mathematics curriculum in compulsory education stage is to promote students' all-round, sustained and harmonious development. This requires that mathematics teaching should enable students to acquire sustainable mathematical knowledge and methods of mathematical thinking. Therefore, job design should be extensible.

Homework design should be guided by the basic concept of "Primary School Mathematics Curriculum Standards" and based on students' development, optimize homework design and promote students' comprehensive, sustainable and harmonious development in thinking ability, emotional attitude and values.

(3) Research on the strategy of correcting the rigid form of primary school math homework.

Through research, I summarized the following forms of math homework:

1 game homework game is the best carrier to stimulate interest. Game homework has the color of "play", so the design of game homework should consider the relationship with the mathematics content learned, which is mainly used in middle and low grades. For example, after "finding the right position", arrange for students to go home and play left-hand games with their neighbors' children; After the lesson of "Understanding Objects", let the students play a game of understanding objects: blindfold a classmate, let him touch the things on the table with his hands, tell them what they are and according to what nature they are recognized. Students are very willing to finish such homework, and after-school games become the follow-up activities of classroom teaching.

(2) Creative homework mathematics creation can expand students' imagination space, enhance and enrich students' imagination, which can be in different forms such as mathematical design, mathematical papers and mathematical stories. Students are required to record and analyze their usual mathematical knowledge, mathematical laws found in learning, new methods in solving problems, some arithmetic laws, new derivation methods of formulas and questions about a certain knowledge point in time, and communicate with each other regularly (once a week) and evaluate each other. For example, in the lesson of "kilogram, gram", let students write mathematical stories about weight, talk about interesting things in life, or collect and sort out little knowledge about weight units. So as to cultivate their good study habits of observing, thinking and summarizing.

③ Mathematic design of design homework can improve students' comprehensive quality and cultivate their comprehensive thinking ability in the process of hands-on operation. If the sixth-grade students have learned the knowledge of scale, they can use this knowledge to help solve some practical problems in life. Teachers can provide certain information and design a kitchen, so that students can freely set up study groups and design companies to design for customers. Requirements: (1) Draw the effect on the design paper with appropriate scale, and attach the data and calculation process required for the design. ⑵ The design is reasonable, economical and practical. After the cooperative design, let the students communicate. Let students learn to choose the problems that need to be solved from numerous conditions and information, and improve their ability to solve problems by using mathematical knowledge.

④ Practice homework "Doing is the beginning of knowing, knowing is the success of doing" Mr. Tao Xingzhi's name is permeated with his idea of attaching importance to practice. In mathematics textbooks, many contents are closely related to society and life. Students can strengthen their social cognition, enhance their awareness of social participation and promote the process of individual socialization through activities such as observation, investigation and trial. This kind of homework can be combined with a research project of a teaching unit, and can be completed independently or in the form of multi-person cooperation according to the specific content. For example, after "Year, Month and Day" class, please make a calendar you need according to what you have learned in class. After learning the scale knowledge, combined with the actual construction of the school campus, let the students measure and calculate in groups in a few days and draw the school plan with appropriate scale. Students should observe, measure, draw and check in such experience activities. At this time, I have applied what I have learned, experienced rich emotions, and more importantly, promoted the social development of students. ⑤ Inquiry homework "everywhere is a place of creation, every day is a time of creation, and everyone is a creator." . Inquiry homework can cultivate learners' ability to find and solve problems by themselves. After learning content according to students' series, teachers guide students to sort out "inquiry topics" from the aspects of content, cognition, skills, mathematical thinking and thinking methods around the learning center. For example, in the meaning part of the fraction, "the connection between fraction and decimal", we often solve some mathematical problems by looking for the corresponding relationship. Can you talk about it? Students can reflect the thinking of mathematical analogy from the aspects of fractional application problems, proportional application problems, positive and negative proportion application problems, and even the relationship between addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. For another example, the transformed mathematical ideas are reflected in the textbooks of primary school mathematics stage, so that students can make purposeful induction and summary and apply them flexibly in practical problems. Isn't this a research topic? A little sorting is a wonderful math paper.

Of course, in addition to the above situations, there are many types of math homework design, such as preview homework, data collection, extended reading, field trips, visits, community math activities and so on. At the same time, these types of homework are not completely separated, but mutually inclusive. Only by being good at assigning homework, can extracurricular activities be integrated and students' mathematics literacy be improved in an all-round way.

Four. Questions and discussions.

1. Quality education is a deformed educational model, whose fundamental purpose is to improve the basic quality of all students in an all-round way, while exam-oriented education aims at entrance examinations. Quality education is not about not taking exams, but reforming the existing exam system and methods to better meet the requirements of the future. In particular, we should emphasize the fairness of education and equal opportunities for the educated, build an overpass extending in all directions for all students, and provide students with opportunities for learning and development to the maximum extent.

2. Examination is an indispensable part of school teaching, and it is also the main way for schools to test the educational effect at present. How to respect students' individual differences in exams, truly measure students' mathematical ability and promote their healthy development. This is a problem that every educator needs to consider. The essence of examination reform lies in establishing the modern concept of quality education evaluation and giving full play to the educational function of students' performance evaluation. Recognize the main position of students' evaluation, advocate formative evaluation, and then determine the evaluation content that conforms to quality education. We should also adopt evaluation methods suitable for quality education. Quality education should let students know themselves, find out the gap through evaluation, and study hard.

3. The developmental evaluation of primary school mathematics learning involves a wide range, and the operation workload of the evaluation process is large. This is an important prerequisite for implementing small class education. At the same time, the specific operation methods of developmental evaluation need further study.