The failure of early humanoid flight should be attributed to the lack of basic understanding of aerodynamics, and in the era of positive development of fixed-wing flight, human beings gradually established the theoretical system of aerodynamics. Under the guidance of theory, human beings are inspired by many designs to study the flight of birds, and have made important contributions to improving the performance of aircraft.
Initial wing
In 850, Brad jumped off the temple with wings and tried to fly around central London, but he fell to the ground and died. This is an early attempt to realize our ancestors' dream of flying.
From 468 BC to 376 BC, Luban made wooden birds and conducted a three-year test flight during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (Figure 1). It is said that? Three consecutive flights? It is the fastest record model related to flight test in ancient China.
/kloc-in the 1970s, Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian multinational scientist, was the first scientist to study the flight principle of birds by scientific reasoning. What is the name of the plane designed by the pilot himself (Figure 2)? Birds, bats, bats? . Are you online? Flying wing plane? There are several membranous wings that imitate dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Leonardo da vinci believes that only flapping wings can have both thrust and lift. I started to imitate the design and manufacture, but I couldn't avoid failure. Ideally, I could jump up and down several times, and the worst result was that I broke into pieces.
From 1606 to 1679, Italian naturalist Borrieli studied the flight of birds and realized that human adaptability could not fly into the sky, which helped to end unnecessary adventure experiments.
In the early days, people dreamed of human flight for more than 2000 years, blindly imitating the geometric shape and flapping of bird wings, but they knew nothing about the relevant aerodynamic principles.
Enlightenment of bird flight aerodynamics on fixed-wing aircraft design
At present, man-made aircraft are far superior to algae technology in flight speed, aircraft weight, flight distance and flight performance, but in the development of aerodynamics technology, many technological innovations are inseparable from the study of bird flight aerodynamics. Low-speed wing and wing design, low-drag slender fuselage shape, low-speed wing tip technology and successful technical application (Figure 5) can all be realized by imitating tidal current. Early humans blindly imitated the flight of birds, which hindered the flight speed of human beings in the blue sky to some extent.
However, since the 20th century, human beings have systematically studied aerodynamics and successfully applied the aerodynamic knowledge of bird flight to the design of fixed-wing aircraft, thus greatly improving flight performance. For example, the most advanced A380 passenger plane is very close to the big bird with its wings spread. Since 265438+the beginning of the 20th century, great progress has been made in discovering the aerodynamic mechanism of wing flight with flapping-wing biological Reynolds number, and the research on bionic wing flight is also in full swing. Winglet concept aircraft has become an important member of the aircraft family. At the same time, with the development of aerodynamics and aircraft-related fields, various types of aircraft, integrated lift aircraft, aviation aircraft, cross-media aircraft, supersonic aircraft and so on. It will further change the travel and lifestyle of mankind and promote the progress of social civilization.