. A group of physicists said that there were other universes in other times before us. Like us, these universes are full of black holes. We can detect the traces of black holes that have been dead for a long time in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This radiation is a remnant of the birth of violence in our universe.
At least, this is the eccentric view of theorists, including roger penrose, a famous mathematical physicist at Oxford University (and an important collaborator of Stephen Hawking). Penrose and his assistants advocate revising the version of the Big Bang, the space-time history of Penrose and physicists with similar tendencies (they call it * * * cyclic cosmology, CCC).
The universe bubbles, expands and dies in sequence, and each black hole leaves a trace in the subsequent universe. In a new paper published on August 6th, the preprint magazines arXiv and Penrose, the mathematician Daniel An of the Maritime College of the State University of New York and the theoretical physicist Krzysztof Meissner of Warsaw University believe that these traces can be seen in the existing data of China and Pakistan, which "explains in one stop" how these traces formed and continued from one galaxy to the next. [What's that? Your physics question is answered]
"If the universe continues, black holes will devour everything, and at some point, we will only have black holes left," he told field science. According to Hawking's most famous theory, as time goes by, black holes slowly lose some mass and energy through the radiation of massless particles called gravitons and photons. If this Hawking radiation exists, "what will happen is that these black holes will gradually shrink." Ann said that at some point, these black holes will completely collapse. What is left to the universe is the massless soup of photons and gravitons.
"The problem during this period is that massless gravitons and photons have not really experienced time or space," he said.
Gravitation and photons, massless light-speed travelers, can't let us experience time and space-and all other massive and slow-moving objects in the universe. Einstein's theory of relativity points out that when objects with mass approach the speed of light, they seem to move slowly in time, and the distance will shift from their angle. Massless objects such as photons and gravitons travel at the speed of light, so they never experience time or distance at all.
Therefore, the universe with only gravitons or photons has no feeling of what time or space is, "An said.
At that point, some physicists (including Penrose) believe that the huge and empty post-black hole universe begins to resemble the super-compressed universe in the Big Bang, and there is no time and distance between anything.
"Then it started again," said Ann.
Then, if the new universe does not contain any black holes in the previous universe, how can these black holes leave traces in CMB? "
Penrose said that these marks are not the black hole itself, but the billions of years that those objects released energy into their own universe through Hawking radiation.
"This is not a singularity of a black hole or a real physical entity," he told Life Science. "But ... Hawking radiation throughout the history of black holes."
All the time a black hole dissolves itself by Hawking radiation, it will leave traces. The imprint left in the cosmic background radiation frequency can continue to exist after the death of the universe. If researchers can find this mark, then scientists have reason to believe that CCC's view of the universe is correct, or at least not absolutely wrong. He said, "In order to find the weak sign of CMB radiation, he conducted a statistical contest in a small area of the sky." In the "third" sky, galaxies and starlight did not overwhelm CMB. Next, he emphasized the area where the microwave frequency distribution matches the existence of Hawking point. He said that he let these circles "compete" with each other to determine which area is closest to the expected spectrum of Hawking's point.
Then, he compared these data with the fake China-Pakistan data he randomly generated. This move is to exclude those tentative "selling points" that may have been formed under the condition that China Merchants Bank is completely random. If the randomly generated CMB data can't simulate these Hawking points, it will strongly indicate that the newly discovered Hawking points did come from black holes in the last century.
This is not the first time Penrose has published a paper. It seems to recognize Hawking's point from the past universe. As early as 20 10, he published a paper with physicist Vahe Gurzadyan and put forward a similar view. That article attracted criticism from other physicists, but failed to convince the scientific community. The following two papers (here and here) think that the evidence of Hawking point discovered by Penrose and Gulzadian is actually the result of random noise in their data.
Nevertheless, Penrose pushed forward. Physicists also have a famous argument that fails to convince many neuroscientists that human consciousness is the result of quantum calculation. )
When asked whether the black holes in our universe will leave traces in the universe of the next earth one day, Penrose replied: "Yes, indeed!" " "
Editor's Note: Earlier versions of this story called CMB "radioactive material". It's radioactive, but not radioactive. This story has been corrected.
Originally published in Life Science.