Be sure to write an outline before writing a paper, and let the teacher determine the framework to avoid big changes in the process of revising the paper in the future! !
Typesetting must follow the requirements of the school format template, otherwise the reference format and font spacing are wrong, and the teacher will say that you are not serious if you send it back for revision.
I hope I can help you. You can ask me if you don't understand anything. The following are some suggestions for paper writing, for reference only:
Writing skills and methods of undergraduate graduation thesis
The first part of the topic selection
Simply put, choosing a topic is to determine the subject of your own scientific research, solve the problem of what to study, and clarify the goal and scope of the research. Choosing a topic is the first step in scientific research, and it is also a very critical step.
When entering the preparation stage of thesis writing, most students often worry about the topic of the thesis. Admittedly, in the preparation stage, topic selection is very important. Choosing a suitable topic for research will make the writing of the paper smoother.
The choice of thesis topic is a process from big to small, from not specific to specific. We should determine the research direction according to our own knowledge structure and interests, consider the general direction and scope of future thesis topics, and gradually clarify the specific topics on the basis of our own course study, extensive reading and data accumulation.
Try to choose applied topics.
Generally speaking, the definition of applied research is vague. Generally, it refers to the application of theory to solve specific problems, which is often divided into theoretical application and quantitative application. Of course, in practice, the boundary between the two is not very clear, and more and more papers combine theory and quantitative application in analysis. We encourage students to choose applied research as the theme of their thesis.
make a fuss over/about a trifle
The quality of a paper depends on how the author supports his own views in the paper.
This requires the author to be clear about the problems he wants to study, and the scope of the study should not be too wide. Academic papers generally do not emphasize the width of research questions, but pay more attention to the depth. If a paper covers a wide range, it is certainly difficult for the author to go deep.
Part II Opening Report
First, the purpose of the opening report
The purpose of writing the opening report is to ask teachers and experts to help us judge whether this problem has research value, whether this research method is possible, and whether this argument logic has obvious defects.
Second, the structure of the opening report
It should be carried out in the following aspects: research purpose and significance, literature review and theoretical space, basic arguments and research methods, data collection methods and work steps. Among them, "literature review, basic arguments and research methods" is the focus. Many people often spend a lot of ink on literature review, but when it comes to their own research methods, they just say a few words and pass by.
1 the purpose and significance of the topic.
2. Literature review related to the theme
2. 1 Summary of related research literature
2.2 A brief evaluation of the existing literature
3 Logical thinking and research methods
4 paper structure and content arrangement
Five possible innovations
6. Existing research basis
7. Main references
Third, the research method of the subject.
Specific research methods can be selected from the following methods: observation method, investigation method, experiment method, experience summary method, case method, comparative research method, literature method and so on.
To study the present situation of enterprises, we must be inseparable from investigation methods; To study how to optimize, experimental method should be adopted; To study how to train employees, we can use the experience summary method; To study the interpersonal relationship of leaders, we can use case method and so on.
When determining the research method, it is necessary to make it clear what to do and how to do it. If the survey method is needed, the purpose, task, object, scope, survey method, questionnaire design or source should be explained.
Advocate the use of comprehensive research methods. A large project often needs many methods. A small project may be mainly one method, but other methods are also needed.
The third part is literature review.
Literature review is a style different from research papers after reading the literature on a certain topic before opening the topic, understanding, sorting, comprehensive analysis and evaluation.
1, the format of literature review (including four parts)
This paper mainly explains the purpose of writing and introduces related concepts, definitions and research scope.
Theme: Summarize, sort out, analyze and compare the collected literature, clarify the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics, and comment on these issues.
Summary: Briefly summarize the topic.
References: show respect for the author of the cited documents and the basis of the cited documents.
2, literature review regulations
(1) In order to make the selected topic report have sufficient basis, literature review is required before the topic is opened.
(2) In the literature review, we should systematically consult the domestic and foreign literature related to our own research direction.
(3) Explain the development history of your research direction, the main research achievements of predecessors, existing problems and development trends.
(4) Be clear and concise.
(5) Use data appropriately and reasonably.
(6) Have your own opinions and opinions.
3. Preventive measures
① Literature collection should be as comprehensive as possible.
② Pay attention to the representativeness, reliability and scientificity of the cited documents.
③ Cite documents faithfully.
④ References cannot be omitted.
The fourth part is the writing of graduation thesis.
The basic components of paper:
original manuscript
abstract
key word
introduce
main body
conclusion
Notes and references
Graduation thesis is a summative academic thesis independently completed by recent college graduates.
By examining students' graduation thesis, we can examine students' ability to comprehensively apply what they have learned to solve practical problems.
What kind of requirements should the paper meet?
It embodies the author's solid professional basic knowledge, has certain ability to study science independently, and has his own unique views on the research topic, which has certain academic value.
I. Title
Titles are also called titles or titles. A title is a logical combination that reflects the most important specific content in a short passage with the most appropriate and concise words.
The topic of the paper is very important and must be carefully chosen. Some people use the following sentence to describe its importance: the title of the paper is half of the article.
The requirements of the thesis topic are:
Accurate and decent; Short and pithy; catch sb's attention
The requirements of these three aspects are as follows:
Accurate and decent
The title of the paper requires accurate expression of the content of the paper and appropriate reflection of the scope and depth of the research. Can't be too general, the topic is not deducted.
Concise refining
Try to keep the number of words in the topic as small as possible, and the words need to be carefully selected, generally not exceeding.
After 20 words, of course, we can't blindly pursue fewer words and affect the content.
An appropriate response to. If the short topic is not enough to express the content of the paper, you can
Solve it with positive subtitles.
noticeable
Whether the words used in the topic are eye-catching or not, the effect is far from the same.
Second, the content overview
Papers generally have Chinese abstracts and English abstracts. It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments or annotations. Its function is to obtain the necessary information without reading the full text of the paper.
The abstract shall include the following contents
1, what is the main content of learning, and indicate what work has been completed;
2. The basic conclusions and research results highlight the novelty of the paper;
3, the significance of the conclusion or result.
The number of words in the abstract generally does not exceed 5% of the number of words in the paper; Don't quote examples, don't talk about the research process, don't use charts, and don't make self-evaluation. Don't copy the subtitle or conclusion of the paper.
Third, key words
It is a word or term selected from a paper to express the main content information of the full text in order to achieve the purpose of document indexing. A paper can choose 3 to 8 words as keywords.
Four. introduce
Also known as the preface, it belongs to the introduction part of the whole paper, and its writing content includes the following three points:
1. problem statement: research motivation, purpose and problem statement.
2. Literature review
3. Research framework and content description
Verb (abbreviation for verb) text
The writing of the main part can be changed according to different topics.
As a complete paper, readers should have a comprehensive understanding of the problem, the analysis process and the solution of the problem, so as to accurately judge the quality of the paper.
The content of the main part of the paper is generally divided into several parts to describe. In writing, in addition to using words to describe, we should also be good at using various charts, tables, curves and so on to explain the problem. A well-organized, illustrated and clearly demonstrated paper is a good one.
Conclusion of intransitive verbs
This section is not long. First, make a simple summary of the whole paper, then list your own contributions in research and development, or the results of independent research, and then make a realistic evaluation of your work progress and level. However, we should be cautious when using self-evaluation such as "first proposal", "major breakthrough" and "important value".
Seven. refer to
This part reflects the author's academic style.
Eight, postscript
In the postscript, I mainly express my gratitude to the tutor and other related teachers and classmates. In this regard, it is still necessary to seek truth from facts, and excessive praise will bring negative effects. The title of this section can also be "Thank you".