Every year in June 5438+065438+ 10, fireworks will be set off in cities and towns all over the country to commemorate this day.
However, under the cheerful appearance of modern guy fawkes Day celebrations, there is a darker and more sinister history.
Guy fawkes Day is actually a celebration of 1605' s failed attempt to blow up the House of Lords.
The attempt was called gunpowder conspiracy, and the audience gathered around the bonfire in Staffordshire, England on 20 10654381October 6.
Wikimedia, the king of England is James I, who succeeded Elizabeth I after 1603.
At that time, Britain was a Protestant country, and Catholics had been persecuted since henry vii's rule.
These persecutions became more serious under James's predecessor, especially after the failure of the Catholic Spanish invasion in 1588.
Since James's wife and mother are both Catholics, I hope the situation of Catholics will improve. At first, some measures were taken to reduce persecution.
However, James was pressured by some advisers to pursue Catholicism because it would appease the more extreme Protestants in Britain, such as Puritans.
This leads to a sense of disappointment, and some Catholics are willing to take extreme measures.
In fact, when the gunpowder plot happened, James had already escaped two assassinations. This is a contemporary print carved by Crispijn van Depass for 8 of the 65,438+03 conspirators.
Fox is the third one on the right.
In the public sphere, the leader of gunpowder conspiracy is Robert carters, a wealthy gentleman from Warwickshire.
In May 1604, Catesby met with four other Catholics in London, Guy Fawkes, Thomas Antul, John Writer and Thomas Percy to discuss their plans.
Although Parliament will adjourn in February 1605, for fear of the Black Death in London, Parliament will be postponed to 101October 3, thus giving the conspirators more time to complete their plans: blowing up the House of Lords, launching a rebellion in the central region, kidnapping 9-year-old Princess Elizabeth and appointing her as the Catholic head of state.
In order to make this plan successful, Catesby must involve more people in this conspiracy.
When the gunpowder plot failed, this enterprise had 13 conspirators. However, it is this necessity that contributed to the failure of the gunpowder plot.
The more people know about a plot, the more likely it is to be revealed.
1605, 10 year126 October, an anonymous letter was sent to William Parker, Baron of montague, warning him not to join the parliament because it was a conspiracy.
It is widely suspected that this letter was written by Francis Tresham, Montague's brother-in-law and a recruit in the plot.
Not sure about the meaning of this letter, montague Li1October 4th sent it to US Secretary of State Robert Cecil. The parliament building and its surrounding buildings were searched. Guy fawkes and 36 barrels of gunpowder were found in the basement below the House of Lords.
By the way, after the powder was seized, it was found to have rotted, that is, it was decomposed into its components after being left for too long, thus making it harmless.
If the British Parliament adjourned in June 5438+10 as planned (postponed to June 5438 +065438+10 due to the plague in the capital), the gunpowder plot may work. The picture shows the royalist soldier Sir Thomas Nevitt arresting guy fawkes.
Guy fawkes (1570- 1606) tried to blow up the parliament building in the attack of 1605.
The light shone on Sir Thomas Kenway's armor and gorgeous clothes.
On the left, a hidden lantern casts soft light on one of guy fawkes's men, illuminating his face from below.
( 1823).
In the public sphere, although the plot failed, some people may think it is close to the result, which leads some people to suspect that the conspirators have been helped by some memes in Britain. However, this is still an unproven theory.
If the gunpowder plot is really successful, the course of British history will be completely changed.
One possible result may be the strengthening of Protestantism in England and the more severe persecution of Catholicism in England.
On the other hand, a Catholic monarch may also ascend to the throne, and Britain will eventually become a Catholic country.
Despite these speculations, British history has embarked on the road we all know today, and for many people today, the significance of this failed plot is more or less due to the bonfires and fireworks shows held all over the country every year.
Credits: American art, reference, Hutton, R, 20 1 1. What if the gunpowder plot succeeds? [Online] Website: bbc.co.uk/history/British/internal _ War _ Revolution /gundpower _ Hutton _ 0 1.
Historyrearningsite.co.uk Shanghai Jiaotong University, 20 15.
1605 gunpowder plot.
[Online] Website: historylearningsite.co.uk/gunprowder_plot_of_1605.
Htm, parliament
Britain, 20 15. Gunpowder conspiracy [Online] Website: Parliament.
Uk/about/living heritage/evolution of Pareto Mary authority/the-gunner-plot-of-1605/,author: wty, I am a college student with a bachelor's degree in archaeology.
My interests range from "traditional" to "radical" interpretation of archaeological/text/picture data sets.
I believe that the knowledge input from two extreme advocates will help to read Mor.
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