On psychological pressure and countermeasures--on psychological pressure and countermeasures of middle school students.
Abstract: With the deepening of education and teaching reform, the enrollment targets of secondary vocational schools have also changed. At the beginning, all the students with high scores were recruited, and as a result, they all became students who could not be admitted to ordinary high schools. These students are under great psychological pressure from society, family, school and individuals. These pressures cause aggression, depression, anxiety and other unhealthy phenomena to students. As an educator, we should analyze the psychological pressure of each student and create a beautiful learning environment by using the function of aesthetic education. Educate students to set practical goals; Make rational use of time and learn to use your brain scientifically; Use various channels to carry out mental health education and other methods to relieve students' psychological pressure and make them grow up healthily.
[Keywords:] Countermeasures to alleviate the phenomenon of psychological stress
First, the causes of psychological stress among middle school students
1. Social pressure. Nowadays, with the rapid growth of knowledge, the demand for talents is getting higher and higher, and many units do not recruit non-specialists or even undergraduates, which makes secondary school students feel slim about their employment prospects. Technical secondary school graduates? Excluding delivery, choose the best? The key to the future of students after graduation lies in their academic performance and skill level, and those who are inferior will face employment difficulties. Therefore, students have a potential sense of crisis from enrollment to graduation. The fierce professional competition in society has caused great psychological pressure on students, especially those with average skills, no social background and average family circumstances. This kind of pressure is particularly obvious in the internship stage before graduation.
2. Family pressure. (1) The pressure brought by parents' expectations. Now many parents take care of their children in every way, hoping that their children will become talents as soon as possible. However, there is a certain gap between parents' expectations and children's actual situation, which will lead to two different psychological pressures: one is that students are afraid that their grades and performances will not meet their parents' requirements and will be blamed, resulting in pressure; Another kind of children are more sensible and afraid of disappointing their parents' painstaking efforts, and the latter has greater psychological pressure. (2) The pressure caused by family poverty. Most secondary school students' families come from poor rural areas, and tuition is their heavy burden; In cities, with the deepening of reform, it is common for some students' parents to be inefficient or even laid off, and the difficulties of family life have brought great pressure to these students. (3) The pressure brought by special families. Due to social reasons, there are more and more divorced families, and there are also many single-parent families or families with step parents. Children in these families are worried that their classmates will look down on themselves and bear a heavy psychological burden because of inferiority.
3. Pressure from school. (1) Academic pressure. From junior high school to technical secondary school, the curriculum is very different, and the majors are more prominent. In addition to cultural classes, specialized courses occupy a very important position. As a result, many students can't adapt to this change, and feel that the learning burden is aggravated and they feel great pressure. (2) Institutional pressure. Just entering the secondary school, facing the new environment, students all hope to start over and have excellent performance. Therefore, new students are very cautious and afraid of breaking the rules, so they are under great pressure. Of course, this kind of pressure lasts for a short time, and it will gradually weaken after you get familiar with the system. (3) Competitive pressure. Vocational school students face various pressures at school. The first thing to bear is learning competition. The comparison of scores in all subjects, the ranking of total scores and the examination of certificates in all grades enable students to strive for the upper reaches in the race, and at the same time bring corresponding competitive pressure. Secondly, the ability competition required by various social work.
4. Personal reasons. (1) aggressive psychology. The average person always puts forward certain expectations for himself, but the expectations are too high, which is often unrealistic and very concerned about the success or failure of things. Moreover, because they are competitive and want to pursue perfection in everything, they always have to compare with others and gain and lose. Therefore, they feel a lot of pressure. (2) Inferiority. People who lack self-affirmation, their joys and sorrows are subject to the praise and criticism of others, and self-affirmation also depends on others. Such students have a strong sense of inferiority, and once they are frustrated or hit, they are very painful and stressed. (3) jealousy. Vanity, selfishness and possessiveness are the causes of jealousy. The difference in academic performance, family material conditions and personal abilities among students will lead some students to develop from envy to jealousy, resulting in psychological imbalance and even unscrupulous pursuit, which will form a strong psychological pressure on themselves.
The above factors restrict each other, and the psychological pressure on a person is often comprehensive. Therefore, when we observe, analyze and diagnose students' psychological stress, we must fully consider the role of various factors, eliminate them one by one, make a comprehensive and correct diagnosis, and take effective relief measures.
Second, adverse reactions caused by psychological pressure
According to psychological research, the adverse reactions of psychological pressure are: seizures; You Yu; Anxiety, etc.
Seizure refers to hysteria and impulsiveness caused by psychological disorder, which often points to external factors that cause psychological disorder. Attacks can be divided into direct acts and indirect acts. Direct attack is to express dissatisfaction, hostility, confrontation and opposition to the factors that cause psychological setbacks; The other is indirect or diversion attack, that is, when someone is frustrated, he can realize that directly expressing his anger and dissatisfaction will not only damage his image in the eyes of others, but also adversely affect the further realization of his expected goals in the future, so he will vent his inner dissatisfaction or criticize others in other ways.
Melancholy is a kind of psychological depression composed of many bad emotions. Such as inferiority, sense of identity, sense of crisis, sense of loss, etc. These negative emotions often make people feel depressed and preoccupied, resulting in a state of worry, sadness, boredom and sadness.
Anxiety refers to people's inner anxiety, fear, worry, tension and other emotions, sometimes accompanied by physical discomfort, such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, inattention and so on.
Third, measures to alleviate psychological pressure
1. Infiltrate the function of aesthetic education and create a beautiful learning environment. Under the influence of a beautiful environment, a person will reduce or even eliminate stress. Therefore, beauty can be created through the function of aesthetic education For example, beautify the classroom; Carry out activities of offering love, unite and help each other among students, and help students who have difficulties in study or life; Hold various singing and recitation competitions, organize theme class meetings and group activities. Cultivate students' good sentiments, so that they can develop morally, intellectually, physically and artistically in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere, thus relieving pressure.
2. Educate students to set practical goals. Individuals often ask too little or too much of themselves. When personal goals are too high, they will be ambitious, and there is a big gap between reality and goals, which leads to greater psychological pressure. When personal goals are too low, they will degrade themselves because of inferiority, resulting in pressure. Only by setting realistic goals can we narrow the gap between ideal and reality, thus reducing the pressure.
3. Make rational use of time and learn to use your brain scientifically. Sometimes the reason for feeling stressed is often improper arrangement. Rational use of time is a good way to relieve stress. First of all, we should make a plan, which can be a semester plan, a daily plan, a general study plan or a single subject plan, so as to arrange time scientifically and improve efficiency. At the same time, pay attention to brain health, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, learn to relax yourself in appropriate occasions, and adjust your mentality in time.
4. Carry out mental health education through various channels. We can publicize and popularize mental health knowledge through billboards, radio stations, television stations and other positions, offer lectures on adolescent psychological knowledge, and teach students psychological adjustment methods. Psychological stress can also be relieved through psychological mailbox and psychological consultation.
Vocational school students are in a period of psychological distress. Faced with various psychological pressures, some people will have negative reactions such as escape and suicide because of excessive pressure. Therefore, educators should pay attention to analyzing the psychological pressure of vocational school students and find out the correct ways to relieve it.
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