Catchy and easy to understand is a major feature of children's songs. In pinyin teaching, we should grasp the characteristics of letter shapes, especially when encountering difficulties, and make up a children's song, so that students can clap their hands while reading the children's song, break through the difficulties and remember the shapes of letters. Learning Pinyin in this way is lively, relaxed and happy, which stimulates students' interest in learning. For example, although there are only six single vowels in teaching, it seems easy, but it is also difficult for students who are new to pinyin. I grasp the characteristics of monosyllabic vowels, use visual language and combine illustrations to create children's songs:
Round face, claw braid, big mouth, aa aa
Rooster, oh, oh, around your mouth ooo;
A goose is swimming in the water, making baby; Reflected in water;
A beautiful little I with a hat and a big mouth;
There is a crow's nest in the tree, with a small mouth sticking up;
The little fish spat bubbles and played the flute.
The catchy nursery rhymes immediately attracted the children's attention, and the students applauded with the nursery rhymes. Vivid language helps children remember glyphs and pronunciations, and at the same time stimulates their desire to learn. Boring symbols inject poetic language, enliven the classroom atmosphere and make students feel that learning pinyin is very interesting.
After learning single vowels, I will learn 23 initials immediately. Some letters in initials are similar in shape and easy to be confused, which is difficult for students with poor resolution to master. To solve this difficulty, we need to use nursery rhymes to turn abstract letters into vivid language close to life, and help students master the characteristics of letters and strengthen their memory by comparing similar initials.
Right lower semicircle bb bb right upper semicircle PP, left lower semicircle DD, left upper semicircle QQ.
Girls listen to the radio, raise the flag uphill, drum hammer and balloon into the sky.
One door, two doors and a stick.
Wicker winding, cane, umbrella handle, chair, balloon, watermelon, seedling, tree fork.
With the children's songs in front as the foundation, students have learned to compare themselves when learning the vowels in the back. Example: when learning ui, students can take the initiative to compare with iu, and immediately find that ui is to turn iu upside down and learn IE; Compared with ei, the students immediately pointed out that ie just turned ei upside down. In this way, students take the initiative to find the characteristics, and compared with the method they just learned, they quickly remember the font of letters. At the same time, students' ability to learn Chinese is gradually improved in the process of active participation in teaching and continuous exploration.
Some pinyin rules are easy to forget and confuse, which is also a difficult point in teaching. Children's songs are also a good way to remember rules.
Mark after Iu connection; The man in the hat in the back.
Xiao ü is especially polite.
Take off your hat when you see j q x y,
Take off your hat and say u.
J q x y does not make friends with little u.
Students like reading these children's songs that are close to life very much, and find them interesting, and they are not tired of reading them often. Through repeated memorization, students can easily remember the rules and consciously use them in spelling.
At first, these children's songs were compiled by the teacher according to the characteristics of letters. Slowly, under the teacher's inspiration, students can use their imagination and make up catchy children's songs. Such scenes often appear in the classroom. Every time a teaching chart appears, students are always scrambling to create children's songs, and their interest is very high. Most students take the initiative to participate in the classroom, showing a strong desire to create. Example: When studying R, some students said: watch the sunrise R R R R R at the seaside, some students said that green seedlings R R R R R R, and some students grasped the different characteristics of R pronunciation and glyph to compose children's songs, and immediately remembered the letter R. Easy-to-understand children's songs not only dispersed the difficulties in learning, but also developed students' language and creative thinking ability. At the same time, they tried the joy of success and enhanced their confidence in learning Chinese. Students are the main body of learning and development. Pay attention to students' personality differences and different learning needs, cherish students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, fully stimulate students' initiative and enterprising spirit, enable students to realize their learning methods in a relaxed and happy way and improve their Chinese learning ability. Second, the use of intuitive teaching methods.
The thinking characteristic of school children is that thinking in images is the main form of thinking. With the growth of age, children in lower grades gradually change to retreat thinking. Only by accumulating concrete and vivid perceptual knowledge can we have the ability of abstract thinking. According to this characteristic of first-year students, in teaching, we should try our best to turn boring pinyin symbols into things that are intuitive, vivid and close to life, which is easy for students to accept.
First of all, make full use of illustrations in textbooks to help students remember. Example: When learning B, the picture shows that children are listening to a radio with an antenna, and the antenna and the radio form the shape of B; When learning M, the illustrations are: two children play touch games in two doorways, grasp the "touch" of two doorways to touch people, and remember the sound and shape of M; When learning P, the illustration is: a little boy is climbing a hillside with a flag. The "slope" of "hillside" is the sound of P, and the flagpole and flag form the shape of P; When learning D, the illustration is: drum plus drum hammer, drum hammer and drum surface form the shape of D, and the drum sound represents the sound of D. At first, the teacher inspired the students: What do you find from the picture? In the future, students can speak loudly and quickly say which places in the picture correspond to the letters of the objects, so the difficulty will be broken. In the process of learning Pinyin by looking at pictures, not only the students' observation ability and thinking ability are cultivated, but also their expression ability and thinking ability are cultivated. For example, after studying a lesson π ɡk h, students quickly found the pattern in the pigeon's mouth and the relationship between the pigeon's voice and the letter π; A little girl and a little boy are sitting in a chair drinking water. The relationship between the shape of the chair and the sound of drinking water and the letter H; When learning ch, the students quickly said: The hedgehog crouches like C, the chair that the little boy sits on is like H, which together is ch, and the "eating" of eating apples is pronounced as "ch" in a shorter time. In this way, in observing pictures to inspire thinking and develop language, students not only master the sound and shape of letters, but also make achievements in autonomous learning, strengthen their subjective consciousness and become more and more interested in learning Chinese.
Some letters can also be strengthened by actions. For example, when learning ai, learning vowels is a beginner. In order to help students understand that vowels are composed of two single vowels. I invited two students, one tall and one short, to stand next to each other and use their sisters to understand the glyphs and remember the glyphs and pronunciations. When I was studying ei, I inspired my classmates to imagine the scene when cutting down trees. I tried to do my own movements and make a sound. My voice did not fall, and my classmates immediately became active and participated enthusiastically, and soon remembered the pronunciation of ei. When learning ui, the teacher took out props, hats and scarves. At this time, the students' mood suddenly became active. At this time, a female student was invited to perform, wearing a hat and scarf. The students immediately pronounced the letter ui. Then, the teacher showed the ui, and the students quickly remembered the pronunciation and font of the ui.
Students with poor resolution have confused initials with similar glyphs after learning 23 initials. What should we do? On the basis of reading children's songs, it will be better to help students distinguish with intuitive things. Example: make a fist with both hands and make a pair of scissors with your thumb. Hands clenched, thumbs down to form scissors qp, students talk and act, db scissors rush up, qp scissors rush down, and distinguish four initials with similar glyphs. Ft fonts are also confusing. Ask a classmate to bring an umbrella to perform. When the umbrella rushed up, it was T, and when the umbrella rushed down, it was F. When the students spoke, they compared the pictures. The umbrella handle was T and the crutch was F. The students were very excited. Some students also do their own movements and nursery rhymes. Students exchange experiences with each other and strengthen their memory of letters with similar shapes. This intuitive and vivid teaching method fully mobilizes students' brain, eyes, hands and mouth, and also develops students' oral communication ability. Third, create a learning situation 1. Listen and tell stories while learning pinyin. For example, when learning vowels "A, O, E", I use the situation map in the book as material to guide students to make up stories: the sun comes out in the morning, and children and animals get up. A new day has begun. Everyone is so happy! Look, the little girl came to the grass by the river to practice her voice. AAAAA-AAAA, A- Show A on the blackboard (let's sing, let's infiltrate the pronunciation of A and practice reading A). The rooster also practices his voice on the grass. Listen! Ooo-oo, o- (show me O, how nice it sounds, let's learn, infiltrate O pronunciation and practice reading O in this link). The great white goose swims happily in the water. Looking at its beautiful reflection in the water, I can't help singing, e-e-, how white my body is and how red my mouth is. I am a happy great white goose (show E, teach E). The morning by the river is so lively! In the process of listening, learning and practicing, students have mastered the reading method of aoe, studied actively and have a strong interest, and also exercised their language expression ability and obedient ability. 2. Design a life situation for learning Pinyin. When teaching vowels zh, ch, sh and R, considering that the pronunciation of these four initials is a difficult point for students to learn, I specially arranged a situation of "entertaining guests". Today, four guests came to visit us and showed four "guests" in turn, that is, four student guests wearing headdresses zh, ch, sh and R. We want to say hello. Today, the names of these guests are very special. When they are called, they should tilt their tongues (instruct students to read zh, ch, sh, R, and invite guests (students wear headdresses) after reading. In the process of entertaining guests, I not only exercised my oral communication ability, but also strengthened my reading ability of ZH CH SH R. Students read more and practice more in daily situations, making it easy and interesting to break through the difficulties in learning. Fourth, introduce game activities into the classroom.
Mr. Chen Heqin once said: "Games are indispensable activities in life. People always like games, regardless of age or sex. If children can turn reading activities into games in the era of reading, wouldn't reading become more interesting, happier and more progressive? " Therefore, if games can be introduced into teaching practice, it will be twice the result with half the effort. For example, "guess (guess vowels according to mouth shape, guess pictures according to syllables, etc." Pass on (pass on the syllables you see one by one), change (fold them into letters with wires) and play (play cards, the initials are all born and spelled into syllables, whoever reads quickly and accurately wins, and tug-of-war (confusing letters will be written on the blackboard, and two groups of children will win). Little white dove sends a letter (the name of the messenger is written on the envelope in syllables and read correctly) Giraffe treats you (names dishes marked with syllables) and tests you (tests others with Ka Kao). Through interesting games and activities, students can master the sound and shape of letters more firmly, have higher enthusiasm for spelling syllables, learn easily and practice solidly. In pinyin teaching, on the basis of grasping the teaching materials, we should try our best to use various teaching methods to make pinyin teaching a familiar and enjoyable learning content for students. Fully tap students' potential, develop association and expand thinking in teaching, and cultivate students' learning habits of active participation, mutual cooperation and continuous exploration in games. Teach students learning methods, cultivate their learning ability, turn boring pinyin symbols into vivid language, express what they like with newly learned syllables, read their favorite poems and express what they want to say.