Team Entrepreneurship Construction Management Paper Model: On the Team Management of College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Abstract With the continuous promotion of the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship, more and more college students join the team of innovation and entrepreneurship. They will become a huge potential force for mass entrepreneurship and innovation. However, there are also some shortcomings in the innovation and entrepreneurship team of college students, which need to strengthen the necessary guidance and management. This paper investigates and analyzes the operation of innovative and entrepreneurial teams of college students in several universities in Jiangxi Province, and puts forward corresponding guiding methods and management strategies.
Keywords: management strategy of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship guidance methods
Classification number of China Library: G7 15 Document ID: ADAI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2016.03.089.
Introduction to 0
Promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation is an inevitable choice to cultivate and promote the new impetus of China's economic and social development. And college students will be the key force in this new impetus. College students' innovation and entrepreneurship is the perfect combination of knowledge and practice, and it is an important way to deepen the teaching reform of higher education and cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Therefore, the State Council and the Ministry of Education have successively issued various documents and preferential policies to encourage college students to innovate and start businesses. As a result, the innovation and entrepreneurship of college students in Jiangxi began to rise, but there are also some practical problems in the process of innovation and entrepreneurship of college students. How to solve these problems in time and help and promote college students' innovation and entrepreneurship more effectively will be an important challenge for Jiangxi provincial government and universities, and also one of the main ways to realize mass entrepreneurship and innovation.
1 Problems in College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Through investigation and analysis, the problems encountered in the construction, management and operation of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship teams in Jiangxi Province are various and have different forms of expression. Some teams have unclear goals, some teams do not cooperate closely, and some teams have unclear division of labor; In the process of team operation, there are more or less phenomena such as disagreement among team members, unstable composition of team members, and serious delay in task progress. Through the analysis and processing of the survey data, although the problems of Jiangxi college students' innovation and entrepreneurship teams are different in focus and time, the main problems of these teams can be summarized as follows.
1. 1 Conflict between team goals and individual goals
Due to the uncertainty of college students' learning planning, some team members regard innovation and entrepreneurship as the primary task of university planning before forming a team, but they are often replaced by later postgraduate entrance examination or civil service examination plans. Therefore, in the process of project operation, team goals and personal goals are in conflict. Naturally, these members did not devote their main energy and time to innovation and entrepreneurship activities. At the same time, the theory of cooperation and competition (1) advocates that a team should form a consistent goal and sense of cooperation, and it is difficult to implement the concept of mutual exchange and respect and * * * sharing information and materials, which greatly reduces the efficiency of teamwork. Although some teams explained in advance that they would give up the postgraduate entrance examination and the civil service examination before forming a team, members also thought that there would be no such conflict, but many college students finally gave up the team goal under the persuasion and resistance of their parents.
1.2 Problems caused by different specialties of team members
Most of the innovation and entrepreneurship team members in Jiangxi universities come from different colleges or majors, and only a few team members are in the same major. Therefore, each member is familiar with different fields, and his knowledge structure and way of thinking are also very different. As a result, their understanding of some issues is constantly divided, and even serious conflicts arise. In team building, in order to make the team's knowledge structure more scientific and perfect, most team members come from different majors, but when it comes to difficult discussions, the differences between these majors become obstacles to seeking common ground while reserving differences. Some teams even behave very unscientific and irrational when dealing with professional differences.
1.3 Team members are not allowed to locate themselves.
Accurate self-role positioning is the foundation of team building. Everyone in the team should have their own accurate positioning. However, some team members lack the awareness of role positioning, which leads to inaccurate positioning, which makes them unable to fully play their role and even have a negative impact. Because college students are basically only children, they may tend to be self-centered in the process of growing up, so that members cannot clearly grasp their work scope. The most typical phenomenon is that some team members just act according to their own hobbies, rather than combining their own advantages with the needs of the team. In the end, the efficiency of team project implementation is often reduced due to personal factors.
1.4 schedule planning and control issues
Schedule control is to compare the difference between the actual state and the plan, make necessary adjustments, and make the project develop in a favorable direction. Theoretically, most team members know that whether a project can be completed on time is closely related to the progress of the project, but some teams neglect the project in order to speed up the progress and ignore the concern for the quality of the project. Some team project management measures are unscientific, and there are deviations between team work arrangement and project progress, which makes team members feel great pressure and affects project progress. Some team members may also make up lessons, resulting in team tasks lagging behind, and so on. These are all bad phenomena caused by the lack of reasonable schedule and control according to the ability of members.
1.5 problems of tutors and universities
In order to better organize college students' innovation and entrepreneurship activities, colleges and universities in Jiangxi are equipped with at least one instructor for each innovation and entrepreneurship team. In fact, most of the tutors are basically from colleges and universities, lacking entrepreneurial experience and not much corporate work experience. In addition, colleges and universities in Jiangxi have basically not conducted entrepreneurship guidance training for tutors, nor have they really realized the unique shortcomings and deficiencies of tutors in schools. The dislocation between the tutor's knowledge and enterprise operation and management is not only the tutor's own experience, but also the blank of the university's continuous training of the tutor's enterprise management knowledge.
2 Strategies and methods to solve problems
Because only when all members of the team have unanimous affirmation and full recognition of the overall goal to be achieved can they work hard for it and finally achieve the goal together, this paper puts forward corresponding management strategies and methods in the face of the above problems existing in the innovation and entrepreneurship team of college students in Jiangxi Province. According to the different majors of members, the areas of concern and expertise are also different. This paper mainly gives the following suggestions from two aspects: system management ③ and project driving ④, in order to solve the problems of changeable membership goals, unclear role positioning, unclear responsibilities of members and unprofessional tutors.
2. 1 Formulate the management system and sign the team agreement.
Establishing a set of team management system with clear goals, clear thinking, standardized content and clear rewards and punishments is an important guarantee to achieve team goals. The innovative and entrepreneurial team system of college students should involve entrepreneurial goals, development direction, team funds, division of labor among members, and affairs management. , do clear responsibilities, rewards and punishments. At the same time, each member must agree and abide by the system and sign the corresponding agreement. With the system, team members cannot do whatever they want for personal reasons. With the system, the function and organizational structure of the team will be clear, and each member should complement each other in personality, experience, ability and professional background, so as to solve the mutual exclusion brought by team members and maximize the operational efficiency of the team. With the agreement, the team's binding force on members has been implemented and effective, and all members have established a serious and abiding attitude towards the system after signing the agreement.
2.2 Weaken shortcomings, light up advantages, tap potential and improve efficiency.
Strengthen the operation and construction of the team, and treat each member as a wooden board around the team barrel with "Kanekin's Law", so the members with complementary advantages and excellent skills are the guarantee for the success of the team. The real core of the team is to learn from each other's strengths. In the process of cooperation, the differences in majors, personalities and hobbies gradually changed from friction to negotiation and division of labor. The complementarity of skills enables team members to learn from each other and give full play to their respective advantages, thus improving the quality of work. Team members of different majors have different values and thinking angles, so they need professional communication and exchange, tap their respective potentials and advantages, use appropriate methods, integrate the advantages of different majors, and improve the efficiency of project implementation.
2.3 Establish a sound management mechanism for entrepreneurial tutors
In order to optimize the mentor team structure of entrepreneurial team, the government and universities should establish a mentor team mainly composed of university teachers and enterprise executives. The government regularly holds training for college teachers' entrepreneurship guidance, and colleges and universities regularly hold seminars for teachers to communicate with enterprise executives, and even exchange guidance with enterprises, so that college entrepreneurial innovation instructors can directly enter enterprise learning. At the same time, the tutor management mechanism formulated by colleges and universities must adhere to the combination of strict selection standards, conditions and flexible selection methods, and clarify the relevant responsibilities and tasks of entrepreneurial tutors.
3 abstract
College students' innovation and entrepreneurship will further promote economic transformation and upgrading, but the current situation of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship team needs the government and universities to find out the problems and seek corresponding solutions. In a word, the government and universities should promote the management and development of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship teams in various ways, so that team members can organize and control projects scientifically, and college students' innovation and entrepreneurship can achieve their entrepreneurial goals under the requirements of ensuring cost, quality and progress.
To annotate ...
(1) high,,,. Research on the Construction of College Students' Entrepreneurship Team Based on the Comprehensive Practice Platform of Economics and Management ―― Taking Business Administration and Information Management as an Example [J]. Chizi (first half of last year), 206438+04. 168.
(2) Xing Xiaoyang. Dilemma and outlet of college students' entrepreneurial team construction [J]. Industry and Technology Forum, 2015:195-196.
③ Li. Analysis of the main influencing factors of project team management [J]. Project management technology, 2013.3:109-112.
④ Li Ling. Research on progress control in software project management [J]. China Science and Technology Information, 2005.438+07: 309-438+09.
Model essay 2: Research on the present situation of the construction and management of college students' entrepreneurial teams Abstract: With the increase of college students' entrepreneurial teams, many newly established entrepreneurial organizations have increasingly exposed many problems in construction and scientific management. How to realize the scientific management of college students' entrepreneurial team has become the focus of attention of college students' entrepreneurial team and experts and scholars engaged in related research. This paper analyzes the current management situation of college students' entrepreneurial team in China after its initial construction and formation, and then excavates the obstacles that affect the long-term development of college students' entrepreneurial team, so as to find a path breakthrough to realize this problem.
Keywords: college students; Entrepreneurial team; Management; condition
1 Analysis on the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team formation
With the increasing employment pressure in the market and the introduction of government policies to encourage entrepreneurship, the number of entrepreneurial teams of college students has mushroomed. As the main force of future social development and the mainstream position of social and cultural communication, college students start their own businesses, find their own way out, set up entrepreneurial teams, respond to the call of the government and support the market shortage. Its success is not only related to its own development, but also to the stability and long-term development of society. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of their growth characteristics will help to better discover the problems they face in the process of starting a business, better guide their development, make them grow healthier, and finally make them an important force that can support social and economic development.
1. 1 Consistency of interests and goals
Different from individual or partner entrepreneurs in society, they are not formed simply to obtain more economic benefits, but more because they have the same interests and hobbies. The internal staff of college students' entrepreneurial team are basically friends who are familiar with each other or have a good relationship. At the same time, an important factor contributing to the formation and development of college students' entrepreneurial team should also include that they want to get more opportunities to contact the society, so as to accumulate more social experience and employment capital before entering the society. It can be seen that psychological factors should also be considered when guiding the entrepreneurial team of college students. We can't simply equate it with entrepreneurial organizations in society. It is the consistency of interests and goals that binds them together, and it is also the internal driving force that inspires them to move forward together.
1.2 Heterogeneity of professional structure
The consistency of interests and goals is the adhesive for the formation of college students' entrepreneurial team, while knowledge and specialty are the main components of the adhesive and the weapon for the success of entrepreneurial team. University is the most obvious place of professional division of labor, and the diversity of majors is the most prominent. Universities need to adapt to and develop social professional division of labor. Professionals provide unique human resources for the formation of college students' entrepreneurial team. Under the influence of this environment, the professional structure of the internal staff of college students' entrepreneurial team is also rich and colorful, reflecting the characteristics of heterogeneous professional structure. This feature can be said to be a double-edged sword. If it can be scientifically configured and try its best to rationalize its professional division of labor, it will be a positive support for the entrepreneurial team; On the contrary, it will become an insurmountable obstacle to the development of entrepreneurial teams. Many teams came together because of their hobbies, but in the end they disagreed because of their different professional views, and finally broke up in discord, which not only wasted resources, but also hurt the feelings between classmates.
1.3 The age structure is younger and single-layered.
In management, it is considered that the number composition of high, middle and young people is a relatively scientific organization member composition. Because the entrepreneurial team of college students is based on the same interests and hobbies of college students, in the early stage of entrepreneurship, the age structure of the personnel presents a uniform young face. The rejuvenation of the entrepreneurial team is conducive to the acceptance and absorption of new things in the market by the entrepreneurial team and the emergence of innovative thinking. The lack of necessary social experience and experience and ability to distinguish the authenticity of market information are also problems exposed by this duality. Of course, this is not the root of the problem, but ignoring the importance of experience and blindly advancing is a common problem of college students' entrepreneurial team and may become an important obstacle to its success.
2 Analysis of the current situation of college students' entrepreneurial team construction and management
Brain drain of entrepreneurial teams and premature death of organizations are common phenomena. At present, there are many unreasonable factors in the formation and management of college students' entrepreneurial team, which has become an important obstacle to the growth of college students. The main issues that should be encouraged are as follows:
2. 1 incomplete information integration
In the process of starting a business, it is necessary to constantly obtain new and sufficient information resources from the market. Information integration is a complete process including information collection, information processing, information absorption and information feedback. Market participants should first have a keen sense of market information and collect as much useful information as possible. Information collection is the beginning of information integration. Because the market information changes rapidly and the sources are messy, the collection of information should be not only timely and rapid, but also accurate and reliable. This requires reprocessing the information collected in the early stage, so that the extracted information can be accurate. Forecast in advance, so as to make corresponding adjustments in time for various problems encountered in the process of starting a business. The asymmetry of market information leads to the lag and blindness of market supervision, and the organizational members of college students' entrepreneurial team are basically college students. Due to the semi-closed environment and lack of own experience, the speed of grasping and responding to market information is relatively slow, and the processing and refining of information is relatively rough. Incomplete information integration will seriously affect their entrepreneurial thinking and process.
2.2 Fund management is not comprehensive
Venture capital is the motive force to start a venture project. First of all, the stability and sustainability of funding sources cannot be guaranteed. The entrepreneurial team of college students is mainly composed of college students, whose financial resources are unstable, and the funds they can provide by relying on today's support and their own work-study programs are quite limited. In recent years, while encouraging college students to start their own businesses and find a way out, the state has also taken into account the obstacles they may face in terms of funds and provided some help in terms of funds and policies. This part of the funds is quite objective for small-scale entrepreneurs and small-scale entrepreneurs. But for entrepreneurial projects based on long-term entrepreneurial teams, it is a drop in the bucket. Although it is possible to get the support of foreign funds such as angel investment, how to absorb and introduce such sustained and stable funds is the first problem to be solved. What's more, the entrepreneurial team is faced with a cyclical entrepreneurial process. Funds should not only support liquidity, but also support anti-risk ability. Liquidity and provision are two concepts. Without strong, stable and sustained financial support, it is impossible to revitalize the whole entrepreneurial process. Furthermore, scientific financial account management is an important link to ensure the sustainability of funds. It is an important reason that the entrepreneurial team of college students can't handle and manage funds according to the normal company development plan.
2.3 unscientific management methods
Scientific management is the guarantee to ensure the normal operation of the entrepreneurial team. Most of the members of college students' entrepreneurial team are acquaintances, and it is the common interests and hobbies of students that maintain their interpersonal relationship. It is this relationship that unites the early stage of starting a business. However, with the deepening of the entrepreneurial process and the growth of entrepreneurial organizations, it is far from enough to rely solely on the tacit understanding and agreement between students, which is also commonly known as campus interpersonal. Without a scientific organizational management model, it is difficult to integrate various forces in the process of starting a business and form a joint force. This will be the key factor that the later process of college students' entrepreneurial team is unsustainable. In 2007, a survey of a management consulting company showed that half of the 100 fast-growing small and medium-sized enterprises founded by China college students could not survive the first five years of the company's establishment, and only two of the 12 entrepreneurial teams maintained their initial integrity within five years after their establishment [1]. 3. Explore ways to improve the construction and management level of college students' entrepreneurial team.
3. 1 Enhance the entrepreneurial concept and create the cultural atmosphere of the entrepreneurial team.
The * * * same idea and * * same vision of the entrepreneurial team members are the foundation of the team and the spiritual pillar for the team to overcome difficulties and setbacks in the entrepreneurial process [2]. Putting forward the entrepreneurial goals and slogans with the same vision is the basis for condensing the internal motivation of the members of the entrepreneurial organization. The establishment of college students' entrepreneurial team should aim at its long-term development from the beginning. On this basis, we can give full play to the initiative of every entrepreneurial member. Willing to work for the benefit of the team. At the same time, it is also the corporate culture foundation contained in the final enterprise form of the entrepreneurial team. In the later management, the entrepreneurial team established from this must innovate corporate culture and design higher and better stage goals according to the entrepreneurial state in different periods, so that the entrepreneurial team that grows step by step can go further under the spiritual support.
3.2 Seek stable cooperation and support
At the beginning of its establishment, the entrepreneurial team of college students faced the dilemma of insufficient funds and experience. If you can find a worthy entrepreneurial partner, you can not only get continuous financial support, but also make up for the lack of experience. On the basis of fully investigating the market in the early stage, design a business plan, plan products, and then find adult partners who can create cooperation opportunities, with soft power such as technology and commercial projects as equity collateral, * * * common development and win-win cooperation. This is a simple and effective entrepreneurial idea. It is an ideal model for future college students' entrepreneurial teams to learn from. Of course, to learn from this entrepreneurial approach, we need to have the advantage of occupying market gaps. It is necessary to conduct a lot of investigation and analysis of market information, and finally obtain rich and scientific first-hand information. This is the basis for seeking entrepreneurial cooperation and backing.
3.3 Establish a learning organization to improve the skills and quality of entrepreneurial members.
Building a learning entrepreneurial team is an important way to ensure the vitality of the entrepreneurial team, and it can also directly improve the entrepreneurial skills and quality of the entrepreneurial team members. "Learning organization refers to an organic, highly flexible, flat, humanized and sustainable organization established by cultivating a learning atmosphere that permeates the whole organization and giving full play to the creative thinking ability of employees. This kind of organization has the ability of continuous learning and has a comprehensive performance higher than the sum of individual performance [3]. " The construction of a learning team needs the support of many forces and the active participation of members within the team. Can study, inspect and train in successful model enterprises; Introduce experts and scholars to conduct on-site guidance and seek all opportunities for team members to learn and continue training. Therefore, entrepreneur members have advanced enterprise ideas and basic qualities of entrepreneurs. In this more professional work, we should pay attention to the combination of internal training and external talent introduction for more professional positions.
refer to
1 Wang Hongjun "Research on the Construction of College Students' Entrepreneurship Team in China". [J]。 Journal of Zhejiang Industrial and Commercial College, March 2008.
Sean, Zhao Tiequan, Jassamyn Liu and Mao Fangfang. On the construction and management of college students' entrepreneurial team [J]. Modern Business, 20 1 1(7)
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