China is a big agricultural country, and the rural population accounts for more than 80% of the total population, among which the elderly population over 60 years old has reached more than 80 million, accounting for 9. 1% of the agricultural population. It is predicted that by the 1920s and 1930s, the elderly population in China will rise to about 23% of the total population, and then China will become an aging country with a heavy burden, which will bring a series of contradictions to social and economic development. The subsequent support contradictions will become more and more prominent. If it is not prevented, it will seriously hinder the development of society and affect social civilization and social stability. Therefore, rural social pension has become a major social reality problem and an urgent strategic task for governments at all levels. I. Present situation of family support for the aged and mentality of the elderly With the development of market economy and the change of values, family support for the aged is facing severe challenges. 1995 we investigated the present situation of providing for the aged in Fuping county 100 families. The results show that 44% rural families are filial to the elderly or can basically fulfill their maintenance obligations, 36% families are quarreling, splitting, contradictory or difficult to fulfill their maintenance obligations, and 17% families cannot fulfill their maintenance obligations. With the continuous improvement of the socialization of people's production and life, the present situation of rural old-age care, which is mainly based on family pension and supplemented by social pension, will gradually develop into a socialized old-age care trend, which is mainly based on social pension and supplemented by self-accumulation pension. According to the investigation, the main reasons for these phenomena are: 1. Since the reform and opening up, people's values and moral concepts have undergone a series of changes, and it has become a common phenomenon that young people are separated from their parents after marriage. On the one hand, it helps to cultivate their awareness of independent entrepreneurship, on the other hand, it gradually weakens their awareness of supporting and honoring the elderly. 2. With the development of rural industrial structure and commodity economy, land is no longer the main production object to support the family. Some young and middle-aged people are engaged in business and sideline business, working outside all the year round, and even "enjoy it", which also brings certain difficulties to the lives of elderly parents living in rural areas. During the investigation in huayin city from 65438 to 0996, the author asked, "What do you think is the most urgent problem to be solved at present?" As a topic, a questionnaire survey was conducted in three villages, including Qingshan in Guanbei Township. The results showed that 87% farmers were generally concerned about the problem of providing for the aged, followed by medical care. 3. With the extension of human life, the only child gets married, resulting in a couple's family unit structure (also known as 4-2- 1 structure). Raising four old people and one child is unbearable for the family, and it is even more difficult to take care of life and comfort the spirit. The development of market economy and the change of values have also brought about changes in the mentality of the rural elderly. Due to old age and illness, the contribution is getting smaller and smaller, and the status of the elderly in the family is weakened. Economic control is very limited (only 17% has control and 46% has no control). In addition, there is a contradiction between the rising medical expenses and the affordability of families, so the elderly are not respected at home, and even discriminated against or abused. Many old people have an increased sense of inferiority, thinking that they are "useless when they are old" and "it is unnecessary to live". They can't see their own value, lament their bitterness in their later years, lose confidence in life, and feel depressed and lonely. At the same time, I am afraid that there will be no one to raise me alive, no one to rule me when I am sick, and no one to serve me when I move. Second, it is imperative to establish a rural old-age security system. Rural social endowment insurance is a social welfare security system established by the state to cope with the upcoming aging society. It is a social insurance with the nature of accumulated savings organized by the government according to the national constitution and relevant laws and regulations, and it is a non-profit social welfare undertaking. In order to conform to the historical development and actively and steadily solve the problem of farmers' old-age care, the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the Basic Plan of County-level Rural Social Old-age Insurance in 199 1 on the basis of domestic and foreign research. In the same year, it organized a pilot project in Mu Ping County, Shandong Province, and then gradually promoted it throughout the country. At this point, an old-age security system, which shares the worries of the country and relieves the worries of the people, has attracted the attention of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and local party committees and governments at all levels. Up to now, about 200 million farmers across the country have participated in the insurance, covering 20% of the insured, and the accumulated premium is more than RMB 100 billion. This work in our city started at 1992 and 1993, which reduced the burden on farmers and made the newly started agricultural insurance work have a misunderstanding in the thinking of grassroots cadres; 1994 institutional reform has been hit again; The natural disasters of 1995 and 1996 once again affected the work. Although this work is difficult, with the attention and support of party committees and governments at all levels, by the end of June, 1997, the number of people insured in the city was150,000, and the accumulated premium was 25 million yuan, showing a good momentum that the premium in six counties exceeded one million and that in four counties exceeded three million. Judging from the current development of our city, although the working funds are insufficient and the publicity is not enough, the number of insured people only accounts for 3% of the 4.4 million farmers, but we are convinced that with the implementation of the market economic system and the deepening of policies, the rural social endowment insurance, which is welcomed by the broad masses of the people, will certainly achieve greater development. Reason: (1) In the process of establishing a market economy, ensuring farmers' livelihood is the maintenance mechanism of social stability and market economy development. The Decision of the Central Committee on Several Issues Concerning the Establishment of a Socialist Market Economic System points out that a multi-level social security system should be established to provide urban and rural residents with social security suitable for China's national conditions and promote economic development and social progress. China will gradually implement the market economy system, and there is bound to be competition in the market economy, and the weak will inevitably appear in the competition. In addition, institutional reform and streamlining redundant staff will increase the number of unemployed people in a certain stage, which requires the government to carry out macro-control and safeguard social equity. The main means of regulation is to increase social security. If the social security work can't keep up with the market economy, especially the worries of farmers who account for more than 80% of the national population can't be lifted, it may affect social stability because of the widening distribution gap and the increase of criminal factors; Due to moral decline, it restricts economic development and delays social progress. (2) It is conducive to the long-term smooth implementation of the family planning policy. To develop the economy and realize a well-off society, we must first control population growth and implement the national policy of family planning for a long time. First, we must properly solve the problem of farmers' old-age care. Once farmers realize the positive role of rural endowment insurance, family planning work will become the conscious action of the masses. (3) Township enterprises are the main force of rural economy. In the socialist market economy, it is common for enterprises to take risks or even close down. In this case, how to embody the retirement security for enterprise employees will become a big worry for farmers who have been engaged in the production of township enterprises for a long time. Rural endowment insurance provides a reliable guarantee for workers' later life, which will greatly improve the production enthusiasm of workers in township enterprises. At the same time, the implementation of rural social endowment insurance can also adjust interpersonal relationships, reflect socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization, and represent the voices of hundreds of millions of farmers. Therefore, rural endowment insurance is not only the fundamental way to solve the problem of farmers' endowment, but also a great cause that benefits farmers and Hui Ze's descendants. Thirdly, the question includes the hope to summarize and analyze the rural social endowment insurance in our city in the past five years. The author thinks that it is a good thing that benefits people's hearts, and it is also a difficult thing that is full of ups and downs. In recent years, the main reasons why this work lingers passively are as follows: First, there is a gap in understanding. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to establishing a market economy system and establishing a social security system with China characteristics throughout the country as soon as possible. However, some grassroots leaders have the idea of issuing documents and relying on departments to handle affairs, and think that rural endowment insurance is a soft task that does not show mountains and waters and cannot be included in the important agenda. Some people think that the long period of rural endowment insurance, no matter how well it is done, can not reflect the achievements of the current team. If you don't make great efforts to deal with it, you will shirk it. Second, the height and intensity of publicity are not enough. Any new thing to be accepted by the masses must be publicized with great fanfare. The rural old-age insurance policy is a welfare given by the party and the state to farmers' friends, not a burden. It is a deposit, not a fund-raising; For yourself, not for others. However, due to the limitation of funds and insufficient publicity, many people still can't tell what rural endowment insurance is and the difference between commercial insurance and social insurance. How can the masses actively participate when they are confused about the basic policies and have not solved their ideological doubts? Third, legislation lags behind. Whether the rural endowment insurance system can be established as soon as possible depends on legislation, and endowment insurance itself is mandatory. However, the state considers that our current production level is not high, and many local people have just solved the problem of food and clothing. Under this national condition, people can only be guided to take out insurance voluntarily, not across the board. However, if this is done, it will inevitably lengthen the working hours and fail to keep pace with the development of the market economy. Although it is very difficult for civil affairs departments to accomplish this task entrusted by the State Council, we believe that charity will firmly grasp the heartstrings of party committees, government leaders and civil servants at all levels and fully promote the continuous development of this cause that benefits the country and the people. Four. Thoughts on solving the problem of providing for the aged in rural areas It is a complex social project to solve the problem of providing for the aged in farmers. The establishment and improvement of rural social endowment insurance system has aroused widespread concern in society and has been highly valued by the party and the government. However, we should also see that this work has just started and the coverage rate is still very low. So it is very important to solve some related problems at present. (a) to maintain the function of family pension and protect the rights and interests of the elderly. With the change of family structure, the improvement of health level, the rapid arrival of aging society and the weakening of family pension function, we must speed up the pace of social pension system construction. However, in thousands of years of ancient civilization, family pension has always been an indispensable supplement to social pension. Therefore, before the social security network is perfected, efforts should still be made to maintain the family's pension function. It is necessary to strengthen moral education and the education of five civilized families, and establish a good habit of respecting the elderly in the hearts of young people. Cases of unreasonable performance of maintenance obligations and abuse of the elderly should be punished according to law to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly. (two) vigorously promote the social endowment insurance system, take the road of relying on their own pension. No one can avoid the reality that human beings are born and die. Judging from the current situation of rural old-age care and the trend of aging population, "it is difficult to provide for the old" has become a very prominent practical problem in rural areas. It was natural for children to support their parents in the past, and it is an inevitable trend to support themselves in the future. When you are young and have the ability to work, you can actually win the autonomy of old-age care by investing in an old-age insurance for yourself. When you lose the ability to work, if your children can fulfill their support obligations, your participation in endowment insurance will make your life richer; When family security is insufficient, endowment insurance can provide another kind of economic compensation; When the family security function fails, the old-age security can provide you with the necessary expenses to help you spend your old age. (3) run apartments, nurseries, welfare homes and nursing homes for the elderly, and solve the problem of providing for the elderly with special care. To solve the problem of providing for the aged for special objects, besides providing for the aged, there is also a problem of places and services, which should be established and improved simultaneously with the development of society. If these facilities are perfect, the urban elderly who do not want to live with their children will have a place to go, and the helpless in rural areas can provide services through maternity welfare homes and nursing homes, so that they can spend their old age safely.