According to such a long study and the teacher's explanation, I also outlined several stages:
(A) to deepen the actual combination of Marxism–Leninism and China. On the issue of how to treat Marxism-Leninism, there have always been two completely different attitudes and methods within the China * * * production party. Some people, represented by Chen Duxiu, Qu Qiubai, Li and Wang Ming, treat Marxism-Leninism dogmatically, simply and mechanically copy the experience of Marxism-Leninism and the Soviet Union, and regard the provisions of Marxism-Leninism and the international instructions of * * * as the golden rule, which in essence separates Marxism-Leninism from the reality of the China revolution. Chen Duxiu's Right Deviation and his three "Left" errors in the Party after that are the realistic embodiment of dogmatism in the process of China revolution. A part of party member, represented by Mao Zedong, paid close attention to the reality of China revolution, carefully studied, deeply studied and flexibly used Marxism–Leninism, and gradually learned to organically combine the reality of Marxism–Leninism and China, systematically expounded and profoundly summarized the historical experience of China revolution from political, economic and military aspects, and gradually formed the Marxist-Leninist theory with China characteristics.
(2) The establishment of Mao Zedong's leading position in the Party and Mao Zedong Thought's becoming the mainstream political thought of the Party. 1935 The Zunyi meeting at the beginning of the year established Mao Zedong's leading position in the Party, which was a major turning point in Mao Zedong's political career. Mao Zedong became chairman of the Central Military Commission. 1943 in March, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee elected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Central Secretariat. At this point, Mao Zedong became the supreme leader of our party and army. At the same time, under the correct leadership of Mao Zedong, the Party and the Red Army completed the long March that attracted worldwide attention, developed the Shaanxi-Gansu base area and led the anti-Japanese national united front. With the establishment of Mao Zedong's political status and its great contribution to the China revolution, China, represented by Mao Zedong, has made great achievements.
(3) the specific international and domestic situation. From the end of 1930s, the influence of the * * * production international represented by the Soviet Union on the China Revolution gradually declined, and it was finally dissolved in 1943, which put forward higher requirements for the China * * * production party to take the road of independence and objectively promoted the party's exploration and research on establishing the guiding ideology within the party. At home, the Kuomintang actively pursues a passive anti-Japanese policy and an active anti-* * * policy, vigorously promotes "one doctrine" (the Three People's Principles), "one party" (the Kuomintang) and "one leader" (Chiang Kai-shek), and wantonly attacks * * * materialism and the China * * * production party in an attempt to fundamentally eliminate Marxism-Leninism and the China * * * production party. This requires the Party to highlight Mao Zedong's leading position politically and establish Mao Zedong Thought's leading position politically and ideologically. At the same time, it is also an important method and content for China's * * * production party to counter the rampant attack of the Kuomintang on the ideological front. It can be said that the concept of "Mao Zedong Thought" was born when the China Revolution reached a new stage. Marxism–Leninism theory with China characteristics, which was founded by producers, has been more and more convinced and supported by the Party and has become the mainstream of political thoughts within the Party.
Under the guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, Socialism with Chinese characteristics society is developing rapidly and steadily! Let's talk about Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The formation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's political development path marks the establishment of the democratic system model with China characteristics and the democratic development model with China characteristics.
Professor Fang Ning believes that the democratic political construction in China is opening up a new democratic road and a new political model. "Democracy has a theme. The main problems to be solved in establishing and perfecting the democratic political system in contemporary China are: realizing people's sovereignty, that is, ensuring that state power at all levels represents the people and is in their hands; Expand and develop people's democratic rights through economic, social and cultural development; Safeguard national unity, national unity and social harmony and stability. " "In China, the system that can achieve these three goals is a democratic system that meets the requirements of social development and progress and the wishes of the people.
In the process of reform and opening up, these four systems have experienced a process of continuous enrichment and improvement. Establishing a democratic development model with China characteristics is also an important aspect of the new democratic road. By sorting out the strategic orientation and path choice of political system reform since the reform and opening up, we can at least determine three main contents of the development model of democracy with China characteristics: First, consolidate the social foundation of democratic politics by developing grassroots democracy. The grass-roots mass autonomy system has risen from the "breakthrough" and "growing point" of political system reform to the basic political system of socialist countries. At present, the strategic significance of grass-roots mass autonomy is increasingly prominent, and it has been regarded as a solid social foundation of socialist democratic politics. The second is to promote people's democracy by expanding inner-party democracy. Since the reform and opening up, great progress has been made in the development of inner-party democracy: the CPC Central Committee has played an exemplary role, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee has reported to the Central Committee, and the Central Committee has solicited opinions on major decisions on a larger scale; We will carry out pilot reforms of inner-party democracy such as the permanent system of party congresses. Because the party should represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, developing inner-party democracy means developing people's democracy; Because the Party is the leading core of all national undertakings, developing inner-party democracy will strongly promote the development of people's democracy. The third is the two-wheel drive of electoral democracy and deliberative democracy. Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, an important achievement in enriching the forms of democracy is to clearly point out that the people exercise their rights through elections and voting, and all factions within the people hold full consultations before making major decisions, and try their best to reach an agreement on the same-sex issue. These are two important forms of socialist democracy in China.
Building a harmonious socialist society is an important strategic task for the Communist Party of China (CPC) at present, and it is also a brand-new task for building Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Harmonious society is a beautiful society with democracy and rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and friendship, full of vitality, stability and order, and harmonious coexistence between man and nature. [1] In fact, as early as the early days of the founding of New China, China producers, represented by Mao Zedong, made arduous explorations to promote social harmony. Although Mao Zedong did not use the concept of "harmonious society", many of his thoughts and practices are related to the "harmonious society" advocated by us, which still has important guidance and reference significance for us to build a socialist harmonious society today.
First of all, Mao Zedong's important thought about China's social, political, economic and cultural fields is an important prerequisite for the establishment of the theory of harmonious society.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Mao Zedong made an in-depth exploration on the construction of China's socialist politics, economy, culture and other fields, and put forward a series of important ideas. Politically, starting from the reality of China, Mao Zedong has determined the basic institutional framework of the people's democratic dictatorship, and established the basic political systems such as the people's congress system, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), and the regional ethnic autonomy system. Its goal is to "create a centralized, democratic, disciplined, free, unified, happy and lively political situation" to ensure the equality and liveliness of the people. In the aspect of economic construction, Mao Zedong discussed the overall goal and reasonable way of China's socialist economic construction. He stressed that during the period of socialist construction, the party and the state should focus on economic construction and concentrate on developing productive forces. Mao Zedong put forward the main idea of management system reform, that is, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments; Considering the relationship between the state, production units and individual producers, we should not only focus on one end, but also establish a system of workers' congress under the leadership of the party Committee, making it a good form to expand enterprise democracy, supervise administration and overcome bureaucracy. In terms of cultural construction, Mao Zedong put forward the cultural construction policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom" and "letting a hundred schools of thought contend" from the reality of China. And put forward that "our education policy should make the educated develop in moral education, intellectual education and physical education, and become educated laborers with socialist consciousness" to serve the cause of socialist construction. A harmonious socialist society is a society in which economy, politics and culture develop in harmony and material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization progress together. Mao Zedong's beneficial exploration on what kind of socialism and how to build socialism in a country with relatively backward economy and culture is still of great guiding significance for us to build a socialist harmonious society including political harmony, economic harmony, cultural harmony and world harmony today.
Second, Mao Zedong's mass line thought is an important guarantee for building a harmonious society. The mass line is the living soul of Mao Zedong Thought. Mao Zedong's mass line is embodied in trusting, relying on, caring for and doing everything for the people. Mao Zedong repeatedly warned the whole party that it must proceed from the interests of the people, take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the highest standard, and take serving the people wholeheartedly as the sole purpose of the party. Mao Zedong emphatically pointed out: "Another remarkable sign that distinguishes us from any other political party is that we have the closest ties with the broadest masses of the people. Serve the people wholeheartedly. " Mao Zedong also stressed the need to safeguard and protect the interests of farmers. He clearly pointed out: "The main population of China is farmers, and the revolution can only be won with the help of farmers, and the country's industrialization can only be successful with the help of farmers." He believes that we must give consideration to both urban and rural areas, achieve common prosperity, modernize urban and rural areas, industry and agriculture, and make workers and farmers rich. Mao Zedong's mass line strengthened the relationship between the party and the masses, fully mobilized the enthusiasm of the people and enhanced the ruling ability of the * * * production party. Practice has proved that only by fully trusting and relying on the masses of the people and always taking the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the starting point and the end result of all the work of the party and the state can our party mobilize the strength of the overwhelming majority of the people, mobilize all positive factors and make unremitting efforts for the grand goal of building a harmonious socialist society.
Summing up the last sentence is what Deng Xiaoping said: "Only socialism can develop China!"
The above is a summary of the knowledge gained after such a long study.