1 puppy management
(1) Two maintenance and three handover. Two maintenance means keeping feeding in the original fence and keeping feeding in the original feed; Transition refers to the transition of feed, feeding system and environment. Feed transition: after weaning 1 week, the formula of feeding part is still the same as that of lactation, and then gradually transition until about 2 weeks after weaning, which can be changed into puppy feeding part. Feeding system transition: a stable living system can promote the growth of puppies and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Puppies should be carefully, regularly and quantitatively fed, eat less and eat more meals to maintain their strong appetite and digestive ability. Environmental transition: after weaning, the puppies are fed by reason, that is, they are not transferred from the original circle and do not mix nests, and the bitches are taken out.
(2) Three-point positioning refers to a fixed place for eating and drinking, a fixed place for sleeping, and a fixed place for excreting urine.
(3) Choose a sunny and windy day for castration. Bitches don't need castration, because they have reached the slaughter period when they are sexually mature, which has little effect on fattening, but they should be castrated to fatten the bitches. 8- 10 is generally suitable for each small group according to its size and physical strength.
(4) New puppies, especially puppies bought from outside, spread pathogenic microorganisms because they have had contact with other animals in the market, or because people who want to buy them keep touching this and that. Therefore, the owner should take the pet to the veterinary hospital immediately after getting it. You can ask the veterinarian to inject some serum into your puppy first. After the puppy has been kept at home for about 10 days, it is strong and adapts to the new family environment, and then take it for vaccination. Insecticides are generally carried out at the age of 20-25 days, and then regularly every month 1 time. Concentrated fermentation of deworming dog manure and worms. Wash the washbasin every day 1 time. The saline basin can be disinfected 1 time per week and boiled for 20 minutes. You can also soak it in 0. 1% bromogeramine solution for 20 minutes or in 2%-4% caustic soda water, and finally rinse it with clean water.
2 puppy breeding
Puppies need twice as many calories as adult dogs in the process of growth and development. It is said that dogs can live about 12- 16 years, which is much shorter than people. It can be said that a dog's life is like a condensed life. Dogs also develop rapidly. You can grow from 1 year to 1 year and a half. This growing period is very important and can even affect the puppy's life. In order to make the puppy grow healthily and sturdily, special attention should be paid to its diet during its development.
Puppies are weaned about 6 weeks after birth and can eat ordinary food from now on, but they should be fed 3-4 times a day for 1-6 months after birth. After weaning to about the third month, the feeding time should be set at 7: 00 am, afternoon 12, 5: 00 pm and afternoon 10, four times a day. From the fifth month to the eighth month of life, you can feed it in the morning, at noon and at night. During this period, the feeding amount of puppies is about one-third to one-half of that of adult dogs. From 2-3 months to less than 3 months after weaning, the food composition of puppies will determine their eating habits throughout their lives. If you plan to continue feeding with special dog food in the future, you must adapt it to the taste of special dog food during this time. If you want to rely on family catering in the future, you should give priority to animal protein and feed more high-calorie food. When puppies are born for 2-3 months, because their teeth and jaws are not fully developed, they should cut the meat into small pieces before feeding. Milk, butter and cheese are also suitable. But don't give them hard bones and so on. From 6 months after birth to 1 year, it is equivalent to a person's teenager, so a dog can develop into a puppy equivalent to 1 8 years old in1year. This period is the most vigorous period for dogs to grow, and the heat of the city is about 1 times of the growth, so you can feed more animal protein foods.
Most puppies can eat hard special dog food in about 2 months. If the puppy is not used to it for a while, it can be soaked in boiling water, milk or soup before feeding. Every dog's food intake is not exactly the same. You can feed a little more first, and then judge whether the feeding amount is too far according to the amount of food left over. You can gradually increase the feeding amount as the puppy grows. The feeding amount should be adjusted every three weeks according to the puppy's eating situation. In order to meet the needs of rapid development, puppies must be allowed to eat as much high-calorie food as possible. But if you eat too much fat, it is easy to damage the digestive organs. So you can remove the fat from the meat and then feed it, or you can feed less fatty foods such as minced meat.
How to help puppies keep out the cold
Even long-haired breeds, because they have not yet grown into dog hair, have insufficient resistance and are particularly afraid of sudden cold and cold wind. There are several ways to help the dog keep out the cold: you can put some clean old blankets and thick towels in the nest to help the dog keep warm. If you buy the puppy home alone, it is easier to catch cold when you are away from home, so it is difficult to snuggle up to keep warm, and there are fewer brothers and sisters to play with it, and even the whole body is hot. Don't put the puppy in too ventilated place to prevent frostbite. Especially puppies of 6-8 weeks are most likely to catch a cold. If you can't cook, you'd better not buy a puppy in winter. Don't buy it until it gets warm or old. It will be more resistant.
Winter management should first pay attention to the cold and warmth of kennels. The temperature in the kennel should be kept between 13- 15℃, move the kennel to the lee of the sun, and hang curtains at the entrance of the kennel to prevent cold air from passing through people; Second, the mattress should be thicker, Qin Ying should change it, bask in the sun and keep it dry; The third is to prevent wind invasion, block the entrance of the north wall, close the north window, pay attention to proper ventilation on sunny days, keep the kennel air clean and fresh, and reduce ammonia. The kennel door can be hung with grass, and the window can be sealed with plastic sheets. The kennel for puppies can be kept warm by imitating the method of plastic shed, and at the same time, all gaps in the wall should be blocked to prevent thieves from invading. If possible, it can be illuminated by infrared light, and a firewall should be built between walls. Generally, dog beds should be padded with thick padding, and they should be changed frequently and kept dry. When the weather is sunny and warm, let the dog get more sunshine, strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness and improve disease resistance.
How to prevent dogs from catching a cold
The effective measures to prevent colds are to prevent cold and keep warm, thicken the mattress, and pay attention to timely replacement, keep dry and prevent cold wind; The weather is cold in winter, so the management of this period should focus on cold prevention, heat preservation and respiratory prevention. Pay attention to cold and warmth. Being blown by rain and wind after exercise and the humid temperature in the kennel will all cause colds, and serious respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia may also occur. When the weather is sunny and warm, strengthen the outdoor exercise of dogs, strengthen their physique and improve their disease resistance. Let dogs bask in the sun, which can not only keep warm, but also play the role of disinfection and sterilization, and also promote the absorption of calcium, which is especially beneficial to the growth and development of puppies' bones and prevent puppies from rickets.
How to choose toys for dogs
When dogs feel depressed, fidgety, lonely or stressed, the way to release stress usually manifests as some destructive behaviors. Toys can help dogs reduce stress and reduce the possibility of destructive behavior. Without toys, dogs may bite anything they can touch, such as shoes, books, even beds and chairs.
Choosing a toy of the right size can help your dog consume some energy. Some toys may be suitable for puppies, but puppies may look smaller when they grow up and should be discarded. Small toys, such as rubber balls, may be swallowed by adult dogs or stuck in their throats. Discard those toy fragments and toys that have been shredded. Aggressive biting may bite the toy into pieces, which may get stuck in the pet's throat and even lead to the pet's death. A pet with a strong aggressive bite force should be given some toys made of hard rubber or nylon. These toys are durable and not easy to bite. Semi-aggressive biting pets will not bite toys into pieces, but will aggravate the wear and tear of toys. You can give them some canvas or plush toys. These toys are soft and don't tear easily. Pets without aggressive biting behavior can be given some soft toys.
Dogs also like all kinds of toys. Sometimes you need to prepare four or five toys at a time and rotate different toys every week. This will interest your pet. If your pet likes a toy very much, it's best not to change it. When you buy a new toy for your pet, you should see its reaction to the new toy. If it bites the toy desperately, and the toy is not strong enough to be torn easily, then you should take the toy away in time and buy it a more durable toy. Toys are made of different materials and have different durability. Therefore, before buying a toy for your pet, you need to know your pet's biting habits and choose a suitable and durable toy for it.
Polyethylene and latex toys are generally soft and made into various colors. Some even squeak to make toys more interesting. These toys are usually suitable for dogs without aggressive biting habits. Rubber and nylon toys are durable and suitable for dogs with moderate biting habits. This kind of toy often makes a hole in it, which is more interesting when dogs like to bite. Rope toys are generally made of nylon or cotton, which is suitable for dogs with moderate biting habits. It is especially useful for dogs who like to drag and drop games, and this soft and hard texture also contributes to the dog's tooth health. Plush toys are soft and light, suitable for dogs who like to drag toys around, but not for dogs who like to bite. Canvas toys are easy to clean and durable, suitable for biting dogs.