The information processing of geological data mainly uses the fast operation function of computer to solve various mathematical models, suppress interference, highlight useful information and analyze comprehensive effective information. Its contents include forward and backward calculation of geophysical exploration method model, statistical analysis of geochemical exploration and geological logging data, calculation and statistics of mineral reserves, engineering geotechnical mechanics and hydraulics calculation, drilling (hole) design, etc. In addition, it also includes a lot of daily work data conversion. With the rapid development of mathematical geology theory and method based on multivariate statistical analysis of geological data and the continuous improvement of mineral resources statistical prediction theory and method, a large number of application software have appeared.
Second, the scope of application and application examples
(1) simulation of metallogenic process
Computer simulation of geological and metallogenic process, also known as mathematical simulation or quantitative analysis of geological process, is a simulation technology developed rapidly in the field of computer geological application in recent 20 years. Geologists can use the conceptual model and its corresponding method model as experimental tools, and observe its reaction by changing various conditions and parameters, so as to quantitatively reveal the relationship, changing trend and possible results of influencing factors in various geological events.
At present, the fastest developing fields are basin simulation, hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics simulation and reservoir simulation in the field of oil and gas exploration, which have entered the practical application stage of resource prediction and evaluation. The main problems are that the information and quantification of oil and gas system analysis are not realized, the three-dimensional reconstruction of material space on which oil and gas accumulation depends is lacking, and the control and feedback control relationship between geological processes is not considered, so it is difficult to describe the nonlinear process of oil and gas migration and accumulation.
(2) Digital oil field
After the development stages of theoretical research (199 1 ~ 1999), exploration practice (2000 ~ 2004) and practical application (2005-present), the digital oil field has gradually evolved into a comprehensive information solution for upstream oil enterprises, and penetrated into oil exploration, reservoir evaluation, development and production.
Digital oil field is the inevitable result of information construction of oil and gas field enterprises in the Internet era, and it is constantly improved, improved and developed with the rapid development and in-depth application of IT technology. With the wide application of the Internet of Things (the concept of the Internet of Things was officially confirmed by the International Telecommunication Union in 2005), the core technical conditions have been created for the development of digital earth to intelligent earth. In this context, the concepts of intelligent oil field and intelligent oil field have also appeared one after another.
Intelligent oilfield and intelligent oilfield are advanced stages of digital oilfield development, and they are a pair of sister concepts put forward and displayed on the basis of digital oilfield. IBM believes that with the help of advanced computer technology, automation technology, sensing technology and professional mathematical models, Smart Oilfield has established an automatic processing system, a model analysis system and an expert system covering all business links of the oilfield, which can comprehensively perceive, automatically control, predict trends and optimize decisions. With the help of business model and expert system, smart oilfield can fully perceive oilfield dynamics, automatically control oilfield activities, predict oilfield change trends, continuously optimize oilfield management, and use virtual experts to assist oilfield decision-making and intelligently manage oilfields.
In fact, as early as 2005, IBM cooperated with Statoil to build a smart oil field, and achieved the following main goals: real-time wireless sensing of the operation of underground oil fields, on-site "smart" management, prolonging the life of oil fields and increasing production; Integrate the monitoring and management functions of offshore oil wells into shore-based facilities, thus reducing costs and improving production efficiency; By strengthening information sharing, cooperation between various business areas has been strengthened. Saudi Aramco put forward four levels of intelligent oilfield construction scheme: monitoring, optimization, integration and innovation. Through downhole sensors, intelligent completion technology, automation technology, data integration, data management and mining, modeling and analysis, integrated operation and integrated environment construction, the production situation can be grasped in time, the downhole operation efficiency can be improved, and the business process can be optimized. Through remote monitoring and early warning, the goal of reducing operation cost and improving oil and gas recovery rate can be achieved.
(3) Drilling simulation
Drilling simulation technology can provide powerful decision support for reducing drilling cost and construction risk and improving drilling speed, and it is still a research hotspot abroad. Drilling simulation system based on virtual reality technology is the leading direction of research and application of drilling simulation technology (Sun Xu et al., 20 12).
In 1980s, foreign countries put forward the idea of developing drilling simulation research and drilling simulator, and many companies, research institutions and colleges in the United States, such as Amoco Oil Company, Superior Oil Company, Halliburton Company and University of California, have studied it. Amoco Oil Company established a complete drilling simulation system in 1983, which was the first to realize the high simulation of drilling process. From 65438 to 0986, foreign drilling simulation technology became mature, and mature products were formed in three main research directions: drilling process operation training simulation, drilling process simulation and drilling technology economic evaluation simulation, which were applied to drilling production and training and achieved considerable economic benefits.
Three. sources of information
Sun Xu, Zhao Jinhai, et al. Present situation and prospect of drilling simulation technology at home and abroad. Petroleum Drilling Technology, 40 (3): 54 ~ 58.
Xu Zengkui, Ma Tao, et al. Discussion on the development of digital oilfield technology. Information China, (225): 28 ~ 32.