Under the rule of Beiyang warlords, the new Republic of China quickly fell into political chaos. Some advanced intellectuals are unwilling to sink and devote themselves to saving the country. After painful reflection, they realized that only the innovation of political system was not enough to save China. We must inspire people's new ethical consciousness, cultivate people's independent personality, thoroughly eliminate the poison of feudal old culture, and launch an innovation movement in the field of ideology and culture, so as to emancipate China people's minds, promote the development of modern science in China, completely eliminate old China and build a new China.