China Library Classification Number: G64 Document Identification Number: A
Ways to improve college students' employment competitiveness
Li yun
(School of Journalism and Communication, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 23060 1)
The employment situation is getting more and more severe. The essence of employment competition is the job competitiveness of college students. This paper aims to analyze the composition of college students' professional competitiveness and the ways to improve it. So the perspective is from the college students themselves.
Keywords employment; Competitiveness; improve
There are many factors that affect the employment competitiveness of college students. Some papers have studied the effects of the effectiveness of the employment market, employment guidance in colleges and universities, curriculum setting and other factors on college students' employment. But it is difficult to explain why different students have different employment competitiveness. The author believes that the essence of employment competition is the contest of individual employment competitiveness of college students, and the individual competitiveness of graduates plays an important role in many factors. Therefore, it is more targeted to explore the employment competitiveness of college students from the individual level, and it is very important to cultivate and enhance their individual employment competitiveness.
1 Definition of employment competitiveness of college students
Employment competitiveness refers to "graduates have the ability to beat competitors and find suitable jobs that can play and realize their own values in the job market, that is, the ability to meet the needs of society and employers for talents". Employment competitiveness is the practical ability and comparative advantage of graduates to grasp and obtain employment opportunities and win appreciation. This competitive advantage is obtained by college students during their school days, and it is the concentrated embodiment and symbol of college students' comprehensive quality and professional ability, which are the basis of college students' employment competitiveness.
2 composition of college students' employment competitiveness
The author thinks that the composition of college students' employment competitiveness can be divided into two categories: one is the knowledge and ability that college students have through study, exercise and training, which is called college students' own employment competitiveness for short; One is the employment competitiveness provided by external conditions, which depends on individual college students and is obtained through learning during non-university period, such as school brand, family background and social factors.
2. 1 Employment competitiveness of college students
College students' own employment competitiveness is a comprehensive quality composed of various skills. Some scholars have summarized five factors that enable college students to find jobs smoothly and achieve career success, namely, employment motivation, good personal qualities, interpersonal skills, rich scientific knowledge, effective working methods and keen and broad horizons. The author believes that from the perspective of knowledge, ability and quality, the employment competitiveness of college students can be subdivided into the following three aspects:
(1) Professional knowledge and skills. College students have a systematic and structured professional knowledge theory, a certain professional practice ability and a wider range of knowledge through professional study during their college years. Employers hope that the college graduates they recruit have solid professional knowledge, good comprehensive quality and strong practical ability. Therefore, college students should pay attention to the combination of professional theory and social practice, improve the quality of obtaining professional knowledge, enrich the learning ways of professional knowledge, deepen and refine professional knowledge, broaden their knowledge, improve their knowledge structure, and become compound talents to meet the new trend of knowledge growth and the requirements of employers.
(2) Transferable skills. Transferable skills are the practical working ability and quality of college students who can meet the work requirements and solve practical problems. Transferable skills include communication skills, problem solving or critical thinking skills, interpersonal skills, organizational skills and research skills. According to a survey conducted by the National Association of Universities and Employers in 2002, the six skills and personal qualities that American employers value most are: ① communication skills; ② initiative; ③ Teamwork ability; ④ Leadership ability; 5 academic performance; 6 interpersonal skills. It can be seen that the transferable skills of college students play an important role in the employment competition, which can show the working ability and development potential of graduates.
(3) Self-management ability. The quality and self-management ability of college students also play an important role in their employment competition. At present, employers often combine their own culture, values, business philosophy and requirements for talent quality, requiring college students not only to have a solid foundation and excellent skills, but also to be strong-willed, independent, healthy and noble. These are clear requirements for graduates' self-management ability. Graduates who are diligent, practical, dedicated, dedicated and responsible are more likely to win the favor of employers and the trust of superiors in their personal career development. College students with high self-management ability can gradually realize their personal career development goals. However, most of the post-90s college students are only children, who tend to be individual-centered and lack the ability of self-management and self-adjustment. During school, college students need to temper their will and shape their good character.
2.2 Employment competitiveness provided by external conditions
(1) The brand of the school. The brand of the school is the external condition of graduates' employment competitiveness. Employers often give priority to students from key or famous universities, and some even designate institutions, or stipulate to recruit students from "985" institutions or "2 1 1" institutions. Whether the major is popular or not is also an external condition, which provides graduates with certain employment competitiveness. (2) Family background. The family background and social relations of some students have also become the external conditions for graduates' employment competitiveness to a certain extent. Parents' educational level and family's economic situation have certain influence on graduates' employment outlook and employment choice. (3) Social factors. The social and economic situation, the overall situation of social employment, the formulation and perfection of policies and regulations, and the concept of talent consumption of employers are social factors that affect the competitiveness of college students' external employment to a certain extent. At present, employers' high consumption concept of talents has reduced the employment opportunities of undergraduates to a certain extent and aggravated the employment difficulties.
3 ways to enhance the employment competitiveness of college students
(1) College students should be clear about the market demand and do a good job in career planning. Many college students don't have the consciousness and action of career planning, and they don't think about personal development and job requirements until graduation. In fact, it's never too early to get ready for a job. College students' career planning can not only clarify their personal development goals and paths, but also enable them to know themselves objectively and correctly, thus guiding their study and life at school. Therefore, college students should pay close attention to the changes in the employment situation from the beginning, accurately understand what kind of talents are needed in the talent market, and then adjust their knowledge structure and quality structure according to the changes in social needs.
(2) College students should pay attention to the development of comprehensive quality. Compound talents have become the demand of today's times, and what is needed is generalists. In particular, the improvement of non-professional quality of college students, including personal expression ability, communication ability, writing ability and innovative thinking ability, is beneficial to employment and work. Students should actively exercise and cultivate their own abilities, maximize their abilities through colorful campus cultural activities and social practice, develop in an all-round way and improve their comprehensive quality. Only by improving their comprehensive quality can college students improve their adaptability to society and make great progress in their future work. At the same time, college students should enhance their enterprising spirit, enterprising spirit and sense of competition, make psychological preparations for the challenge and improve their psychological quality of employment.
(3) College students should improve their practical skills and actively obtain professional qualifications. College students should actively participate in social practice and professional practice, improve their personal practical ability and skills, gain social experience and work ability in practice, and constantly improve their personal quality. Nowadays, the choice of talents in employers is more and more extensive, and the professional quality of labor outside of academic qualifications is gradually concerned by employers. At present, China's vocational access system has been initially established, and vocational qualification certificates have become the "threshold" and "passport" for college students to choose jobs. College students should actively obtain vocational qualification certificates to enhance their employment strength.
The author believes that the competitiveness of college students' employment lies in the competitiveness of their personal talents, their social adaptability and social viability, and their creativity and development ability. College students should improve their ideological and political quality, scientific and cultural quality, establish a perfect knowledge structure, and strengthen their innovative ability, practical ability, knowledge updating ability, organizational management ability, as well as the cultivation and exercise of the environment and adaptability.
refer to
CoCo Lee. Connotation and cultivation of college students' employment competitiveness. Coal Higher Education, 2006.438+0.
[2] Zhang. Reflections on improving the employment competitiveness of college students. Journal of beijing institute of technology, August+00, 2005.