The language of this article is elegant and clear, the content is not abstruse, and it is close to the aesthetic level of students. The style of writing is very organized. Is this the right way to deal with it? Theme and variation? Examples of relationships. Therefore, the research in this paper is more helpful to cultivate students' Chinese literacy. You can't treat it casually because it belongs to skimming the text. On the contrary, it should be carefully designed.
? Apply what you have learned? This is the principle of teaching design in this paper. First, can it be used? Unity of repetition and change? Look at things around you from a new perspective. First, can you pay attention to writing? Unity of repetition and change? .
Teaching objectives
(A) knowledge objectives
1. Understand the artistic law of repetition and change in artistic creation.
2. Understand the rigorous and dialectical analysis method of things in the text.
(2) Ability goal
1. Cultivate students to master the reading method of Tick Tick.
2. Train students to summarize and analyze the content of the article.
(3) Emotional goals
1. Appreciate the author's love for human civilization, traditional culture and architectural civilization, and guide students to evaluate the cities around them, care about their hometown and pay attention to society.
2. Understand the implicit beauty of music, painting and architecture in taste of china Traditional Culture, and understand the artistic laws revealed by the author.
Teaching focus
Cultivate students' aesthetic taste.
Teaching difficulties
Cultivate students' aesthetic taste.
Class arrangement
One class hour
teaching method
Using multimedia music, art and other brewing classroom teaching atmosphere, students learn independently under the guidance of teachers, cultivate students' sentiment in the classroom atmosphere, break through difficulties and achieve teaching goals.
training/teaching aid
Slides; The printed materials of Storytelling; Audio materials of Schubert's Trout; Qingming Riverside Map, Forbidden City in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Summer Palace Promenade, etc.
teaching process
I. Introduction
The Book of Songs came into being in the Spring and Autumn Period 2600 years ago, and many of its works repeatedly sigh and express their feelings in the form of this repetitive chapter. This is a very interesting aesthetic taste, which has nourished China people since the Book of Songs. Symmetry and harmony, but surprisingly flat and changeable. This aesthetic interest extends to all aspects of life in China: music, dance, architecture, costumes, calligraphy and so on. In fact, not only China people, but also all nationalities in the world have produced this aesthetic vision. Let's take a look at Liang Sicheng's exploration of this phenomenon.
Liang Sicheng, son of Liang Qichao, owner of the ice house, Lin Zhifu, designer of the national emblem of China, one of the designers of the Monument to the People's Heroes, China architect, architectural historian and architectural educator. Students guess, from what angle will he mainly talk about this aesthetic phenomenon?
Second, the overall first reading, integration of content
Read the text quickly, clarify the structure of the text and summarize the contents of each part.
Clear: It can be divided into four parts.
(1) (1) This paragraph means that any sustainable artistic creation must be repeated and changed. Only by repetition without change will the work be monotonous; It's easy to make a mess if you just change it without repeating it. ? Synaesthesia between music, painting and architecture? It refers to the repetition and change in these artistic creations. This paragraph is the outline of the full text.
(2) (2 ~ 7) Clarity: These paragraphs mean that music, dance and painting, as a continuous artistic creation, are the unity of repetition and change. 2 ~ 3 paragraphs talk about music, 4 paragraphs talk about dance, and 5 ~ 7 paragraphs talk about painting. Music is an enduring art. The repetition of music refers to its theme, and the change refers to its variation. Trout? Take the quintet as an example to illustrate. Dance is mostly an art that combines time and space. Almost all dances are repeated in change, that is, the repetition of actions. In the painting? Handroll? More is also a comprehensive and continuous art of time and space, and it is the unity of repetition and change. The author took Zhang Zeduan's? Riverside map on Qingming Festival? And Li? Grazing map? Give an example to illustrate.
(3) (8 ~ 15) This part means that, as an art with continuous space, the vast majority of buildings are the same and ever-changing organic unity. The author lists the Great Hall of the People, the Forbidden City, the humorous garden and the Summer Palace promenade, which strongly proves this point. The author explained in detail the corridors of the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. From Zhonghua Gate to Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City is a thousand-step corridor arranged in one breath. From Tiananmen Square to the Wumen Gate, there are duplicate courts. After entering the Wumen Gate, there are similar halls. Every group of buildings in the whole Forbidden City are built according to unified specifications and forms, and there are even colored paintings and sculptures. The same repetition shows the atmosphere of royal weather. But there are also changes in the unification, that is, changes from the opposite room to the main hall, and the differences between the main hall and the corridors, buildings and doors on both sides are also changes, and changes will not make people feel single. The promenade of the Summer Palace is the same, which is endless repetition, but the flower window on the lakeside cloister in front of the promenade is a change. The change of the flower window is the prelude to the promenade, and repetition and change are harmonious and unified.
(4) (16) criticized the shortcomings of some of our residential designs, which were either dazzling, repetitive, monotonous or ever-changing, and did not combine the two to remind architects.
(This layered method is not unique, and it can be divided into three parts. The first part is L natural segment, the second part is 2 ~ 7 natural segment, and the third part is 8 ~ 16 natural segment. For the specific analysis, see above)
Third, sum up.
Students say a paragraph and make a summary of this article. Any continuous artistic creation, whether in time, space or space-time, needs both repetition and change. To achieve the organic unity of sameness and ever-changing, the current architectural design should also pay attention to this issue)
Four. Key explanation (slide)
Experience the relationship between materials, analysis and opinions, and train the ability of screening and organizing the main content. Teachers ask questions and students think about reading the text.
1. What are the characteristics of dozens of columns in the Great Hall of the People? (This column is slightly different from another column in height and size, but each column is the same simple repetition of another column. )
2. What are the characteristics of the first three halls, the last three halls, corridors, pavilions, buildings and doors of the Forbidden City in Beijing? As time goes on, so does space? Flow? The dialectical unity of space and time, repetition and change reached the highest level in the Forbidden City in Beijing)
3. What are the characteristics of the humorous garden in the Summer Palace? (Same as the Forbidden City in Beijing)
4. What are the characteristics of the promenade in the Summer Palace? (Endless repetition, same person)
5. What are the characteristics of the flower window on the cloister wall? (each has its own style, ever-changing)
6. What are the similarities between these buildings? All excellent single buildings or group buildings win by the unity of repetition and change of architectural image, which is both the same and ever-changing.
Verb (short for verb) Ask questions (slide)
1. Some people think that although the subtitle of this article reads? Music, painting, architecture? But the article focuses on architecture, and talking about music and painting is also about architecture. Do you agree with this view?
Talking about music and painting is really talking about architecture, as written in the penultimate paragraph of the article? Every street is an axis? Handroll? A piece of music? If there is no music and painting mentioned above, then? Handroll? And then what? Music? At the same time, from the purpose of writing this article, the author wrote this article to solve the problems existing in urban architecture at that time)
2. actually, we should also pay attention to language art? The unity of the same and the ever-changing Don't say poetry and songs, even prose and argumentative essays should do the same to be a good article. Try to analyze it with this article.
This article puts forward a bold idea when talking about the promenade of the Summer Palace. How many columns and beams are there in that 800-meter corridor? Used 20? One? . From the perspective of sentence structure, it is repetitive, but from the perspective of content, it is constantly changing, integrating repetition and change. One? It gives people a sense of language boredom, which is unacceptable. In other words, the pillars of the promenade don't need so many different shapes at all, and the uniform pillars can give people a special feeling. Walking needs repetition, not change. Judging from the structure of the whole article, the author has dabbled in many art categories, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, can be said to be? Variations? But what about these? Variations? Another theme)
Six, expand the extension (slide show)
After teachers guide students to read the text quickly, they can accurately grasp the point of view of the article, and then combine the content of the text to let students find some examples from their familiar songs (music) or buildings to talk about their own understanding of repetition and change. Teachers can also prepare some materials to join the students' discussion.
Example l: Chinese stone arch bridge: the stone pillars of the arch bridge are the same, but? Lions with different postures are carved on each stigma. Some of these stone lions hug their mother and son, some whisper to each other, and some are as lifelike as listening to the sound of water? .
Example 2: The theme and variations of the violin concerto butterfly lovers are repetitive and change with time.
Example 3: The Forbidden City runs from the Daqingmen to the Hall of Supreme Harmony, passing through five gates and six enclosed spaces (courtyards, courtyards and squares), with a total length of about 1 1,700 meters. There are three climaxes: the Hall of Supreme Harmony at the noon gate of Tiananmen Square. Entering the Daqingmen, it begins with the Thousand Steps Gallery. After passing through this long and narrow space, a horizontally spread square appeared, facing the tall Tiananmen Gate, which produced a strong contrast effect and formed the first climax; Entering Tiananmen Square, a small space is formed between it and the end gate, which is a convergence. Passing through the end door presents a deep and closed space, with the majestic meridian gate at the end, and the atmosphere is fierce, which constitutes the second climax; Between the meridian gate and the Taihe gate, there is a horizontal wide court, which is wide and wide. Entering Taihe Square through Taihe Gate is the high hall of Taihe, forming the third climax. It can be seen that the contrast and transformation of space is a model in the Forbidden City.
The second teaching goal of the teaching design of "seeking change with the same";
1. Appreciate the beauty of China culture and art shown in the article and understand the artistic laws revealed by the author.
2. Learn this article's rigorous and dialectical analysis of things, and feel the broad vision and deep accumulation reflected in the analogy.
3. Further strengthen the ability to summarize and analyze the content of the article.
Teaching focus:
1, exactly? The same? It is the similarity of music, painting and architecture.
2. Do you understand? Only by properly combining the sameness and the ever-changing in architecture can a successful building be created? .
Teaching difficulties:
Accurate understanding? The same? It is the similarity of music, painting and architecture.
Teaching methods:
1, guide students to read through the text and perceive the content of the text as a whole.
2. Guide students to read the text repeatedly and grasp and understand the main idea of the article.
Class arrangement:
2 class hours
Teaching content and steps:
first kind
Teaching content:
1. Introduce the new lesson (courseware shows pictures of the national emblem and the monument to the people's heroes)
This shiny one is the national emblem of China people, designed by eight designers including Liang Sicheng and his wife. This magnificent monument to the people's heroes is led by Liang Sicheng. Liang Sicheng ── A resounding name in the architectural history of China! Today, let's enjoy his article "Constant and Ever-changing".
2. Introduction by the author
Liang Sicheng, the eldest son of Liang Qichao, was born in Xinhui, Guangdong in190/and died in Beijing in 1972. He is a contemporary architect, architectural historian, architectural theorist and educator in China. He is the main designer of China National Emblem and Monument to People's Heroes, and founded the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University and Northeastern University. Liang Sicheng has also made outstanding achievements in architectural theory. In the 1950s, his proposals and appeals on Beijing's urban renewal and cultural relics protection attracted much attention, which was lamentable and thought-provoking.
3. Background introduction
As a master of architectural art, Liang Sicheng has high requirements for architectural design and aesthetics. He has written many experience papers on the basis of long-term practice. This article was written in the early 1960s, which promoted the development of architectural art.
4. Read through the full text and make clear the hierarchical structure of the text.
The full text can be divided into three parts.
The first part (1) points out that repetition and change in creation are particularly important in continuous works.
The second part (2-7) introduces the characteristics of repetition and change of music art, stage art and painting art creation with examples.
The third part (8- 16) introduces the characteristics of repetition and change of architectural creation with examples, and also points out some problems existing in current urban architecture.
5. Savor the beauty of music, painting and architecture in the traditional culture of China described in this paper, grasp the following keywords, chew their connotations, and draw the key sentences that express the central point of the textbook.
Key words:
(1) temporal and spatial persistence
(2) the same and ever-changing
(3) repetition and variation, theme and variation
Key sentences:
In artistic creation, there is often a problem of repetition and change. Only by repetition without change will the work be monotonous; It's easy to make a mess if you just change it without repeating it.
6. What is the subtitle of the text? Synaesthesia between music, painting and architecture? . ? Synaesthesia? As rhetoric, what are its characteristics? Can you give some examples from the poems you have studied? In this article? Synaesthesia? What should it mean?
Clear:? Synaesthesia? This is a psychological phenomenon formed by the interaction of different senses, which is used to describe the rhetorical device of using one sensory impression to describe another sensory feeling in language. Mr. Qian Zhongshu once said this? Synaesthesia? In daily experience, vision, smell, hearing and taste can often communicate with each other, and the fields of eyes, ears, tongue, nose and body can be borderless. Color seems to have temperature, sound seems to have image, cold and warm seems to have weight, and smell seems to have physique. For example, in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond? Like a faint song in a distant building? Description of the faint fragrance of lotus.
But in this article? Synaesthesia? The connotation of this word is different from the above situation, and it refers to the artistic laws that are interlinked among different art categories.
7. In fact, the structure of the full text also embodies the same and ever-changing artistic principles. Please analyze it.
Clear: Music, stage art, painting and architecture are all changing the unique forms of expression of different arts, and the same is the same artistic law; Item by item, paragraph by paragraph in order, stable and simple structure, but through repeated emphasis? Changing? In artistic creation? The same thing? Art rules.
8. Arrange homework
The repetition and change in music, stage art and painting are described in detail. Please arrange the author's exposition on the characteristics of music, stage art and painting in tabular form, and think about the relationship among music, painting and architecture in the text.
Second lesson
1, check and audit
(1) Mark the following dotted words.
Trout () A few strokes () Long Gallery () Liang Fang ()
Looking around a building in the Summer Palace is dazzling.
(2) Fill in the blanks with literary common sense
Liang Sicheng, a native of Xinhui, Guangdong, is a contemporary scientist, scientist, architectural theorist and economist in China. He is the main designer of Harmony, and founded two departments of Tsinghua University and Northeastern University.
2、? We have some standard designs for residential areas? The same thing? Until the child cries and can't find a home? , intriguing, please taste the author crossing? The child cried and couldn't find his home? This detail conveys the ideological content.
Clarity: Simple and popular language reveals the role of architects and the relationship between architecture and human existence. The words are simple, but they contain profound thoughts. People are separated by modern architecture, put in a standardized space and alienated. Some people say that modern architecture is a new slum. Without intimacy, people can't find home, just like children crying and can't find home. People are isolated and imprisoned by the tension and oppression of life. This sentence shows Mr. Liang's anxiety and deep humanistic concern for the wrong trend of thought in contemporary urban construction as a master of architecture.
Please use the ideas and knowledge introduced in this article to talk about your evaluation or views on the buildings in your city.
Obviously, many disadvantages of modern urban architecture mentioned in Mr. Liang's article have not completely disappeared from us. Students can pay attention to observation and thinking, evaluate the city around them, care about their hometown and society, and further improve their aesthetic quality with the help of what they have learned.
(Explanation: The design of self-study program must respect people's cognitive laws, from the whole to the part, from the surface to the deep, from in-class to out-of-class, not divorced from textbooks, not rigidly adhered to textbooks, so that students' thinking can rely on and expand. )
Step 4 read inspiration
This paper is a scientific and technological exposition with rich contents and involving many disciplines, which is quite representative and influential in Chinese architectural theory. However, the author did not pretend to write it as an obscure lecture, but it was easy to understand, and its character and style can be used as a model for our future generations to learn.
What is the focus of this unit? Refine the main points of the article on the basis of reading? ,? On the basis of reading the article, explore its more subtle connotation? . Two? Foundation? The most important thing, so the key is reading, in the process of reading to sort out the context of the article; At the beginning of the article, the main idea of the article was put forward, and it was not annoying to say it, and then it was explained, like a few treasures. Its plain language, clear hierarchy and complete structure make it? Extract the main points of the article? It's not difficult.
Mr. Liang Sicheng is a master with high academic achievements in the field of architecture, and also has a profound heritage of Chinese studies. His father Liang Qichao told him that the achievements of a great writer and artist often need the help of a lot of environment and incidental knowledge. China ancestors said yes? The extensive knowledge of reading thousands of books and taking Wan Li Road has been fully reflected in the article, which will bring us happiness in reading, but it may bring obstacles to reading; More importantly, we need to deeply understand the author's love for human civilization, traditional culture and architectural civilization. Only by being immersed in the rich cultural atmosphere permeated by the article and feeling the glory of civilization presented in the article can we? Explore its more subtle connotation? .
(explanation: the key to counseling lies in the text itself and the students' reality. What is the point of this text? Refine the main points of the article on the basis of reading? ,? On the basis of reading the article, explore its more subtle connotation? Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the structure of the article and grasp the content of the article; Considering the reality of senior three students, we should also focus on cultivating students' thinking ability and perception of traditional culture, and at the same time expand classroom space, pay attention to society and think about life. )
Step 5 think for yourself
(1) Read the text? As for the promenade of the Summer Palace? In the first section, try to analyze the repetition and change of its language:
As for the promenade of the Summer Palace, it can be said that the same is true. However, it is the endless repetition that gives visitors the special feeling that only it can give people. Boldly come up with an absurd idea: in that 800-meter corridor, there are hundreds of columns, hundreds of beams, a square, a circle, an octagon and a hexagon; A fat one, a thin one, a curved one and a straight one; A piece of wood, a stone, a piece of copper, a piece of reinforced concrete; A red, a green, a yellow, a blue; One is plain, the other is a high-floating dragon, the other is a shallow carved grass, and the other is a group of painted flowers; Like this? Changing? Arrange the past, what will the corridor look like!
Qing: A series of twenty? One? Strengthen in a repetitive way? Fiona Fang octagonal hexagon? So-called? Changing? Chaos and? Funny? .
(2) China culture pays attention to implicit beauty, please use it? Synaesthesia of China's Poems, Plays and Architecture? Write a short article for the subtitle.
Reference train of thought: China culture emphasizes implicit beauty. Poetry, painting, architecture and even drama are all the same: painting pays attention to the meaning outside the painting, what is important is vividness, and what is important is the artistic conception hidden under the picture; Not as direct, realistic, logical and accurate as western painting. China's painting pictures are extremely simple, with large white space and few colors, so ink painting is very popular. It is important to leave room for imagination and aftertaste for the audience. Buildings, such as Suzhou gardens, are winding and secluded, winding and secluded, or winding and secluded in rockeries. The water in the open field is too direct. Let's build a pavilion. If you want to know the scenery in the museum, you have to cross the Jiuqu 18 Bridge first. In order to make a scene, a world, imagination and aftertaste. This is similar to the artistic conception in our poems and paintings.
China art is like old wine. The artist wants it? Read thousands of books and take Wan Li Road? You must combine your self-cultivation with the accumulation of culture, the vicissitudes of life and the observation of nature in order to have a good work. People who taste poetry and painting should slowly drink fine products like wine tasting, so as to suck out the taste and appreciate poetry. Here? Poetic? Actually, it's implicit
Step 6 assign homework
Finish the exercises after class.