Who to train and how to train people are the fundamental problems that must be solved in developing socialist education in China. College students are the precious talent resources of the country, the hope of the nation and the future of the motherland. To make college students become qualified builders and reliable successors of the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, we should not only improve their scientific and cultural quality, but also improve their ideological and political quality. Only by doing this work well can we ensure that the cause of the party and the people will be passed down from generation to generation and that it will be stable for a long time. Party committees and governments at all levels should fully understand the importance and urgency of further strengthening and improving college students' ideological and political education under the new situation, enhance their sense of historical responsibility and mission, strengthen their confidence, pay close attention to implementation, and effectively raise college students' ideological and political education to a new level.
Second, the status quo.
The overall quality of contemporary college students should be said to be good. Although Marek Jia Jue has individual cases, he cannot represent contemporary college students. It should be affirmed that the mainstream of contemporary college students is good and positive. They love the motherland very much, highly agree with the correct principles and policies of the party and the government, and have a strong sense of responsibility for society. They are more mature and rational than the young people in the past, whether in vision, ideas or thoughts. Contemporary college students are the hope of building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In fact, a large number of outstanding youth groups and advanced individuals have emerged in recent years. The college education group is a good example. These teaching team members are all graduates from famous universities in China and live in a bustling metropolis. As you can imagine, if they don't teach in the west, they can have a good job and a good salary, and they can enjoy a comfortable life. However, they chose the west, the hard place, the test of difficulties, and volunteered to teach in poor areas in the west. Together with thousands of young volunteers in Qian Qian, they sow the seeds of hope with their hard work, hard work and sweat, and dedicate their fiery youth to the education in the west. They are outstanding representatives of contemporary college students. If you only see Ma Jiajue, but you can't see these advanced models, it's really "trees can't see the forest". We should persist in using the deeds of advanced young people as vivid teaching materials to educate, guide and inspire young people, and call on the vast number of young people to learn from the typical ones around them, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, and cultivate good ideological and moral qualities.
Third, the new situation and new problems
In the new era, we should pay attention to some new situations and problems in ideological and moral education for college students.
First of all, the transition from planned economy to market economy has caused changes in college students' values. These changes are mainly manifested in understanding competition, expecting to start a business, paying attention to the realization of personal value, and having a strong sense of interest. College students look forward to a pluralistic and inclusive environment more than before.
Secondly, the network has become one of the most important ways for college students to acquire knowledge and information. Some students hope to hear more voices through the internet and are confident that they can judge the authenticity of the information; Many students think that the Internet is the most important place to express opinions and exchange feelings on campus. Some popular words from the Internet have now become the mantra of many students. Internet is greatly changing college students' life style, learning style, communication style, entertainment style and even language habits, and has a profound impact on young students' study, work, life and ideas.
Third, the psychological problems of college students are becoming more and more prominent. The only child bears too many expectations from parents and families, and under the influence of exam-oriented education, his ability to adapt to society is not strong. After entering the university, the competitive environment is more intense, and temporary inadaptability can easily lead to various psychological problems.
Fourthly, the potential crisis of college students' ideology and morality and its motivation.
The potential crisis of college students' ideological morality and its motivation are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
First, the confusion and confusion of moral orientation. In the period of social transformation, the dominant (mainstream) value system has been challenged and impacted, and the values that were taken for granted have been doubted or even denied by some people. We know that market economy is chosen because of its efficiency advantage, and the fundamental reason why efficiency is favored is that it can bring more profits, wealth or money. When the market economy regards efficiency as the first choice value, it is equivalent to raising money to a social value scale in the design of rules, which is caused by the operating law of the market economy. However, some people maximize the exchange function of money as a universal equivalent, so that it seems that people's various needs and desires can be met and realized through money. It is precisely because of this that money worship does have a more favorable growth soil in the market economy society. What is worrying is that this double alienation between money and people has occurred in an amount that cannot be underestimated. Many things that originally belonged to glorious values were of course sold as auctions by some people.
Second, the weakening and impropriety of moral regulation. First, improper ethics. The current moral norms show a tendency of attaching importance to ideals, ignoring reality, emphasizing preaching and ignoring operation. Morality lies not only in what to do, but also in what to do. However, the current moral education has poor pertinence and operability, many gaps, poor environment or lack, which makes people have no social moral empty field to rely on. Second, moral evaluation is groundless. The idea that economic evaluation excludes moral evaluation has risen sharply. Some people think that economy and morality belong to different fields, and market economy pays attention to the evaluation of production efficiency and economic benefits, as opposed to moral evaluation. In reality, doing bad things without conscience-"immoral things" that seek benefits at the expense of others can be seen everywhere. Third, moral supervision is lax. A strong supervision system is needed behind the social moral system, and the most important one is public opinion, which is the touchstone of a social moral level. When the voice of moral supervision in a society is very weak, it shows that the moral level of social members has declined and there has been a moral crisis in society. Finally, there is a lack of moral protection. In the period of social transformation, a large number of immoral behaviors are not only insignificant in the sense of pure personal morality, but also infringe and harm the interests of society and others, and have broken through the lowest boundary between morality and law. We should not only condemn them morally, but also punish them by discipline or law.
Third, the dislocation and dilemma of moral guidance. First, the utilitarian proportion of life values has increased. In recent years, influenced by some schools of bourgeois philosophy such as Sartre, Nietzsche and Freud, this utilitarian tendency is very strong at the critical moment when people deal with the relationship between individuals and collectives, individuals and society, and individuals and individuals. For example, some students in our colleges and universities have changed from the original worship of fame and fortune to the present worship of reality in their motivation to enter the exam and study; In the consciousness of graduation and career choice, from obeying the needs of the country to pursuing the realization of self-worth now; When dealing with the interpersonal relationship between teachers and students, classmates and friends, we have changed from paying attention to the friendship between people to paying attention to economic interests now. In addition, the moral evaluation standard tends to be multidimensional, and the phenomenon that good and evil are inseparable and the good and the bad are intermingled one after another during the period of social change has a great impact and influence on the mainstream ideology and morality and its evaluation system. And second? Influenced by the "multiple isomorphism" of these negative things in society, the ideological, moral and behavioral paradigms of young college students also show the trend of "multiple coexistence". Some are more important than spiritual wealth and personality cultivation, while others pursue material enjoyment. In the field of life value, there are also many divisions, or several factors interweave or interact with one person. Some agree that "the value of life lies in giving rather than taking" and "subjectively for yourself and objectively for others"; Some "take the world as their own responsibility" and some "take themselves as the center"; Some students seek novelty, change and difference on the surface, but deep down they yearn for "contentment"; Some students are eager for competition, but they are hesitant in action, afraid to leave school and go to society; Some people envy the noble life, but they can't ignore the temptation of material and money, wandering between spirit and material, ideal and money. Such a complex and vivid view of life is an objective embodiment of the changes in social life and the inevitable result of the division of the subjective consciousness of young college students.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) methods and measures
The first is to carry out various educational activities. To strengthen and improve the ideological and political work of college students, on the basis of doing a good job in all aspects, we should carry out in-depth education from the following aspects.
First, focus on the education of ideals and beliefs, and carry out in-depth education on correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. Make all college students understand that the Party and the people have ardent expectations for contemporary college students, that building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing socialist modernization require college students to build, that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation requires college students to struggle, that youth can be more colorful only if it is sincerely dedicated to the motherland and the people, and that life can shine only if it is integrated into the great cause of the country and the nation.
The second is to focus on patriotism education and carry out national spirit education in depth. Guide college students to enhance national self-esteem, self-confidence and pride, so that it is the greatest glory to love the motherland and contribute all their strength to building the socialist motherland, and it is the greatest shame to damage the interests, dignity and honor of the socialist motherland.
Third, on the basis of basic moral norms, we should carry out civic moral education in depth. Civic moral education is one of the main tasks to strengthen and improve college students' ideological and political education. Moral quality is an important content of national spirit, moral level is an important symbol of social civilization, and noble morality is an important force to unite and inspire people of all ethnic groups throughout the country. A qualified college student must have good moral sentiments and self-cultivation, be able to consciously abide by moral norms and conduct moral self-discipline. This is the basic requirement for college students to adapt to society, the objective need for their self-development and perfection, and the inevitable requirement for them to grow into builders and successors of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. ?
The age of college students is an important period for the formation of world outlook, outlook on life and values, as well as for the formation of good moral quality, behavior habits and sound personality. The ideological and moral concepts formed during this period have a great influence on their lives. Based on the basic moral norms, it is of great significance to carry out civic moral education in depth to help and promote college students to form good moral quality and moral cultivation. ?
It is necessary to guide college students to conscientiously study and implement the implementation outline of civic moral construction, extensively carry out education on social morality, professional ethics and family virtues, actively carry out moral practice activities, integrate moral practice activities into their study life, and guide college students to consciously abide by the basic moral norms of patriotism, law-abiding, courtesy, unity and friendliness, diligence and self-improvement, dedication and dedication, and cultivate good moral quality and civilized behavior. ? On the basis of basic ethics,
To carry out civic moral education among college students based on basic moral norms, we must give full play to the main position of school moral education. Colleges and universities should closely combine teaching and educating people and infiltrate moral education into all aspects of school education; It is necessary to combine the age characteristics and cultural level of college students to carry out colorful learning and education activities and social practice activities, so that college students can form moral concepts, strengthen moral quality and sublimate moral realm in social practice; It is necessary to guide college students to abide by the daily code of conduct, start from the things around them, start from specific things, and strive to cultivate good moral quality and civilized behavior.
Fourth, strengthen the education of college students serving the people. Deepen the understanding of the thought of serving the people, actively explore the realization form of serving the people, and educate and guide college students to pursue higher moral goals from their realistic ideological consciousness and actual moral level. ?
Fifth, guide college students to deeply understand the spirit of collectivism. Correctly understand and handle the relationship between collective interests and individual interests, advocate that individual interests are subordinate to collective interests, local interests are subordinate to overall interests, current interests are subordinate to long-term interests, integrate personal ideals and struggles into the common ideals and struggles of the broad masses of the people, and reflect their own values in social dedication. ?
Sixth, strengthen legal education and honesty education. Enhance college students' awareness of law and trustworthiness, so that they can improve their consciousness of obeying the law, understand that honesty and trustworthiness are the foundation of their lives and the way to be a man, and establish moral concepts of being proud of trustworthiness, ashamed of breaking promises, stressing honesty, observing morality and acting.
Second, give full play to the role of the Communist Youth League in quality education for college students. * * * The Communist Youth League has its uniqueness in comprehensively promoting quality education for college students. Mainly in the following aspects:
The first is the advanced nature. Adhering to the unity of progressiveness and mass is one of the basic requirements for the construction of the Communist Youth League. Entertainment is another important principle of the Youth League. It is the consistent task of the Communist Youth League to persist in educating and guiding young people, educating and arming them with Marxist theory, helping them to establish lofty ideals, resisting the erosion of various decadent ideas, and constantly improving their ideological, moral and cultural qualities.
The second is self-discipline. The importance of campus cultural activities is not mandatory. Most students voluntarily participate in various activities based on their personal interests and ambitions. Let students manage themselves, educate themselves and highlight their autonomy, which is conducive to the development of students' personality and give full play to their talents. At the same time, we should pay attention to adjusting ourselves, enhancing interpersonal skills and promoting individual and collective development.
The third is the extensiveness and flexibility of time and space. From the individual point of view of members, group consciousness acts on all the time and space of subject activities as members; Judging from the activities organized by universities, it involves in-class and out-of-school activities. The education of the Youth League is always accompanied by the members, and the educational activities of the Youth League are varied, including ideological education activities, cultural and sports activities and organizational activities. In all kinds of activities, the forms of activities are diversified, and many activities are constantly undergoing flexible, diverse and targeted changes and innovations to adapt to the development of the situation, changes in tasks and changes in demand, making the missionary work more attractive and vital.
Fourth, the atmosphere is infectious. As a fresh force in campus construction, the Communist Youth League in colleges and universities, through its own organization and guidance of students' union and mass organizations, vigorously creates a strong atmosphere of innovation, unity, struggle, practice and growth with the spirit of extensive participation, active construction and active guidance, which deeply infects students. In addition, the * * * Youth League Committee educates and motivates students by publicizing and learning advanced typical figures, and through a large number of activities, such as evaluating the first and evaluating the best, and publicizing and creating the first.
The fifth is creativity. On the one hand, in order to meet the different needs of students' growth in different periods, the Communist Youth League in colleges and universities always innovates in the content and form of its work. On the other hand, when the majority of league members and students participate in group activities, the young people's instinct of being competitive, being brave in innovation and being different is easily transformed into a desire for innovation under the stimulation of the same group atmosphere, and then the innovative ability is continuously developed in innovative practice again and again.
Third, give full play to the status of colleges and universities. Colleges and universities are important bases for training talents, and it is the fundamental task to train builders and successors of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
First of all, we must solve the fundamental problem of who to train and how to train people. Colleges and universities all over the country should unswervingly implement the Party's educational policy, insist on educating people in schools, put morality, intelligence, physical beauty and moral education first, give full play to the main position, classroom and channel of ideological and political education for college students, promote ideological and political education for college students in an all-round way and promote their all-round development in many ways.
Second, we must adhere to the combination of education and self-education, which not only gives full play to the educational guiding role of the school, but also fully mobilizes the enthusiasm and initiative of college students. We should adhere to the combination of political theory education and social practice, not only do a good job in classroom education, but also pay attention to guiding college students to go deep into society, understand society and serve society.
Third, persist in combining solving ideological problems with solving practical problems in order to convince people and enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education. Adhere to the combination of education and management, integrate ideological and political education into school management, and establish a long-term working mechanism that organically combines self-discipline with heteronomy, encouragement and restraint.
Fourth, adhere to the combination of inheriting fine traditions and improving and innovating, adhere to the fine traditions of the party's ideological and political work, and actively explore new ways and methods of ideological and political education for college students under the new situation.