Experts predict that by the beginning of 2 1 century, the information society will bring new vitality and a broader world: information technology is highly developed, intelligent computers are widely used, information networks are spread all over the world, information resources are very rich, and the way of human survival, life and work will undergo revolutionary changes. With the wide application of information technology, information network and information weapons in future operations, the command and control of information operations will be presented to people with a brand-new look. ?
Section 1 Seamless command and control network?
[Transferred from Iron Blood Community/]
Looking forward to the development, the command and control network of information warfare will form a crisscross and seamless information network. Its information channel will be "extremely spacious", and its transmission capacity, quality and timeliness will be greatly improved; Network technology will be more advanced, and network computers will shine brilliantly; The automation and modernization of the network will leap to a new level. ?
1. An advanced and broad "information superhighway"?
In the information war, the rapid development of optical fiber communication, satellite communication and microwave communication will provide advanced and reliable information circulation channels for seamless command and control networks, form new circulation trunk lines, and gradually build an "information superhighway". ? (1) Photonic communication trunk line in the light control era?
Theoretically, an optical fiber, a strange conductor as thin as hair and as soft as silk, can transmit 654.38+billion telephone calls or 654.38+billion TV programs at the same time, and can transmit all the book information stored in the world's largest library in 20 seconds, which is tens of thousands of times more than the current metal telephone line. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend for the future development of science and technology that photonic communication replaces electronic communication. Many scientific and technological experts believe that the 2 1 century control system will have an "optical control era", and photonic communication will become the main line of the future information warfare command and control network-"information superhighway". With the development of science and technology, the future optical fiber communication will not only further improve its capacity and speed, but also develop towards all-optical direction to realize photonic communication. All-fiber communication. With the development of photonic technology, the future optical fiber communication will be all-optical communication, and electricity will no longer participate in the communication process but only exist as an energy source. At present, "acousto-optic mutual transformation, photoelectric mutual transformation" is a two-step process, which will be completed by "acousto-optic mutual transformation" at one time. By then, telegraph, telephone and television will be renamed as optical newspapers, optical lectures and optical vision, and the electronic world will leap into the photon world. Bell Laboratories of AT&T Company developed a broadband digital optical switch called Starlite, which is an all-optical network. Its bandwidth reaches 5000 GHz, and the repeater spacing can reach 372 kilometers, creating the highest new record in the world for relay-free communication distance. The practical integrated circuit in the optical communication technology of Japan Telecom Telephone Company is 65.438+0.6 billion bits per second, and its capacity is equivalent to 23,000 telephones. The newly developed ultra-high speed integrated circuit will achieve the signal multiplexing and separation speed of 654.38+065.438+02 billion bits per second. According to experts' prediction, the optical communication system will develop at the speed of 10 12 by 2 1 early century? ) can transmit sound, data and images at ultra-high speed, which is more than 1000 times higher than the current optical communication speed. The capacity and speed of optical fiber communication have been greatly expanded. The capacity of optical fiber is very large, and the windows of 1.3μm and 1.5 μ m can accommodate the bandwidth of 2000Hz. In the future, the optical fiber communication trunk line for information warfare command and control will focus on developing wavelength division multiplexing WDM or time division multiplexing TDM, including optical soliton technology. At present, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology has been adopted to realize 18 carrier multiplexing, and the transmission rate of an optical fiber can reach 27 Gbps. At&T Corporation of Japan has successfully developed an optical integrated circuit with a transmission speed of 1 1.2 Gigabit/s, which can realize high-capacity communication with 65438+ million channels. The optical fiber communication system that one optical fiber can pass through thousands of telephones has been put into practical use. In the future, the "information superhighway" under the command and control of information warfare will seek to realize the practicality of tens of thousands or even more telephone, data and image communication as soon as possible. At present, two direct communication experimental systems have been built one after another, which is a new generation of ultra-high-speed, ultra-large capacity and ultra-long distance optical fiber communication mode. Optical solitons can be directly transmitted in the length of 12000 km, with one transmission rate of 10 Gbps (10 Gbps) and the other transmission rate of 20 Gbps (20 Gbps). Because the influence of fiber dispersion can be overcome, the transmission rate of information is greatly improved, especially when the transmission rate exceeds 10 gigabit per second. Therefore, as a new generation of optical fiber communication, optical soliton communication will leap into the communication stage of seamless command and control network. ?
Coherent optical communication is developing continuously. That is to develop a new optical fiber communication system equivalent to general radio heterodyne, and its capacity will be several times to several thousand times higher than that of current optical fiber communication. Recently, Japan successfully completed the experiment of coherent optical communication with the transmission rate of 4 gigabits per second through submarine optical cable, which is the future information of coherent optical communication.
The operational command and control network has laid a good foundation. Optical fiber transmission system is widely used. Its scope will include strategy and tactics c? 3I system, campaign, tactical communication, base communication, shipborne communication, airborne communication and avionics system, satellite ground station, radar signal long-distance transmission, tactical guidance weapon system, etc. , will be widely used in data transmission of aircraft, warships and ground command systems. For example, using optical fiber to transmit data on an airplane can be free from the interference of radio waves, thus solving the electromagnetic compatibility problem. After a large number of nonmetallic composite materials and electrified flight control equipment are used in modern combat aircraft, in order to prevent electrostatic impact and lightning bombardment, using optical fiber conductor is the most effective preventive measure, which can not only reduce the weight, but also greatly improve the information transmission ability.
[Transferred from Iron Blood Community/]
(2) A global satellite communication network?
In the future, the seamless command and control network of information warfare will not only include land, but also span the sky and ocean, forming an all-round and three-dimensional global information network. With its unique advantages, satellite communication makes up for the limitations of optical fiber communication and becomes an important channel for commanding and controlling the global information network in future information warfare. Satellite communication has many unique advantages, such as large coverage area, long communication distance and not limited by geographical environment. At present, there are no less than 30 satellite communication systems in the world, including two international satellite systems: Intelsat and Intersputnik. Four regional satellite communication systems, namely, European regional satellite communication system, Arab regional satellite communication system, Asian regional satellite communication system and African regional satellite communication system; In addition, there is a domestic satellite communication system composed of communication satellites launched by various countries. The application of satellite communication has been extended to many different fields, such as international telephone communication, intercontinental television relay, regional or domestic communication, military communication, navigation and aviation mobile communication, as well as satellite tracking and data relay systems for space activities. This laid a solid foundation for establishing a global seamless command and control network. Satellite communication will be high-tech in the future. Digital security and anti-interference ability are of special significance to the satellite communication network controlled by information warfare command. In 2 1 century, EHF frequency band will be adopted, and inter-satellite lines, multipole beam antennas (scanning, zero position), on-board processing, spread spectrum technologies (FH and DS), encryption technology, nuclear reinforcement, multi-track and mixed FDMA/TDMA and MILSTAR will be introduced, so as to enhance the antenna coverage, capacity allocation and network structure flexibility of communication satellites and resist the interference and interception of the uplink and downlink of the enemy. ?
The future communication satellite will no longer be a simple space relay station in the past, but will become a "space switch" or "air communication hub" that can not only relay radio signals, but also process and exchange large-capacity information, and become an indispensable main communication means in the future information warfare command and control network communication. According to statistics, almost 80% of modern long-distance and long-distance communications are realized by communication satellites. Therefore, many experts regard modern satellite communication as the central nervous system of command and control in future information warfare. In the future, satellite communication services will be personalized and diversified. Single soldier means that satellite communication will gradually change from the initial team form of information warfare department (sub-department) to an indispensable single soldier communication mode. Every digital soldier and individual plane, chariot and ship will have its own satellite terminal. Diversification means that satellite communication services will be further expanded to fixed communication, radio, television, mobile communication and interstellar communication, and even used for personal electronic newspapers and emails. In order to adapt to the development of satellite communication in the direction of individual soldier and business diversification, at present, the United States, Japan, Western Europe and other countries are accelerating the practical process of Ka band (30/32 GHz) and actively developing the ultra-wideband millimeter wave band of 50/40 GHz; Develop global broadcasting service (Giobai Broadcast Servi ce:GBS), and expand the coverage of direct satellite communication from China to the whole world; Efforts should be made to simplify the ground station equipment and make it develop towards standardization, miniaturization, multi-function and low cost. It is certain that with the development of satellite communication technology and other related technologies, satellite communication network will play an increasingly important role in information transmission in the "information superhighway" of information warfare command and control.
(3) A digital microwave communication system shows its brilliance again?
Digital microwave communication has always been the main means of military and civil wireless communication because of its advantages such as wide frequency band, large capacity, stable and reliable transmission and easy station building. Especially with the development of digital technology, microelectronics technology and program-controlled switching technology, digital microwave communication system is still one of the main transmission means that can meet the requirements of information acquisition, command and control operations and computer network operations, confidentiality, anti-interference and large capacity. In the future information network, long-distance and short-distance communication can be formed, and it is convenient to get on and off the bus and have a good transmission quality. It can not only transmit telephone, newspaper and data, but also transmit broadband information such as images. In the tactical command and control system, it is the main transmission means of each node in the information grid network. In the development of military integrated service digital network in 2 1 century, it will become the three main means to support large-capacity information transmission in the future information war together with optical fiber communication and satellite communication. In the future, the digital microwave communication system will further improve the spectrum utilization rate, improve various anti-multipath fading measures, improve the working frequency band, open up new frequency bands, and use millimeter waves; Research on modulation techniques that can improve channel capacity and frequency band efficiency, such as 64QAM,156 QAM; ; Improve system detection and fault diagnosis and location technology; Develop small and medium-sized military microwave machines with perfect functions and convenient use. With the conquest of key technologies and the development of electronic technology, digital microwave communication will have new and greater development. The new generation of digital microwave communication system, optical fiber communication trunk line and satellite communication network will become the main channels of the "information superhighway" in the future information warfare command and control. No matter how big the traffic of command and control information is, they will complete the transmission task in time, accurately and at high speed.