Practice teaching is particularly important for higher vocational colleges. As an experiential teaching method, sand table drill is a teaching innovation after traditional teaching. Many higher vocational colleges introduce enterprise management sand table into the teaching of enterprise management course. I have compiled some articles about sand table simulation training for you, hoping to help you.
Improvement measures of sand table simulation training teaching 1 1. Introduction of sand table simulation system for enterprise management
Sand table simulation teaching takes sand table teaching tools as the carrier and manufacturing enterprises as the background, and simulates the business operation process and operation management process of product research and development, procurement, production, warehousing, marketing, sales and finance of enterprises. The teacher divides the students into several study groups, with 5-6 people in each group, and plays the management roles of CEO (President, making strategic plans for enterprise development), CSO (Marketing Director, responsible for market development), COO (Production Director, responsible for enterprise production management), CFO (Financial Director, raising and managing funds) and CSO (Purchasing Director, responsible for purchasing) respectively. Team members perform their duties, perform their duties and participate in the simulated operation and management of the enterprise. Through the intuitive enterprise sand table, students integrate professional roles with on-the-job training, complete the transformation from course theoretical knowledge to practical skills application in game-based training, experience the complete enterprise operation process, and experience the correct business ideas and management concepts.
Second, the status quo of sand table simulation teaching of enterprise management in higher vocational colleges
(A) the implementation form of sand table simulation teaching
There are basically two forms to introduce sand table simulation teaching in higher vocational colleges: one is to take sand table as a part of business administration course, and the other is to take sand table as an independent course and offer it after business administration. No matter which form it is, it plays an excellent role in improving students' professional quality and skills, makes up for the shortcomings of the disconnection between theoretical teaching and social practice to a certain extent, and solves the dilemma of too many theoretical explanations and few or no practical links in management courses.
(B) the implementation process of sand table simulation teaching
1. Preparation stage. Mainly to group students and explain the responsibilities of each role, the deduction rules and operation steps of sand table.
2. Implementation stage. Sand table simulation is carried out according to the year of operation of the enterprise. After explaining the rules of sand table deduction in detail, the teacher should lead the students to simulate the operation for 6 years. Through the release of market information by teachers, members of each group work together under the leadership of CEO to analyze the internal and external environment of the enterprise and competitors, predict the development trend of the enterprise, make business decisions and complete the simulated business process of 1-6 years.
3. Evaluation stage. The first is the students' self-evaluation. Through a series of sand table confrontation drills, students have experienced a complete process of enterprise management, deepened their understanding and application of what they have learned, and realized the essence of enterprise management. They made self-evaluation and self-summary by writing training experiences and training reports.
Second, the teacher summarized and evaluated the operation of each group. During and after the training, teachers should evaluate students' operation in time, guide students to think about how to make correct decisions, find out everyone's confusion and solve various problems.
Third, the problems existing in the sand table simulation teaching process of enterprise management
(A) there is no special training room
At present, our school has purchased the sand table simulation software of enterprise management that China teachers like, and it has been put into use, and the teaching effect is obvious. However, there is no specialized sand table simulation training room for enterprise management. Every semester, simulation software is installed on the computer in the computer room for use in the sand table intensive training. At the end of the intensive training, the software is removed and the computer room is reserved for other courses.
(B) unreasonable curriculum arrangements
Sand table simulation training in our school exists as the training link of the teaching content of enterprise management course, which is arranged in the second semester of senior one, with 6 class hours per week and concentrated training for 2 weeks at the end of the term. The time schedule is too early, the related subjects involved in sand table simulation have not come to study in a hurry or are being studied, and the students' knowledge reserve is not enough, which makes the students at a loss when the teacher explains the relevant theoretical knowledge in sand table simulation training. There are too many class hours arranged every week, and the theory class with 6 class hours every week is easy for teachers and students to get tired and the teaching effect is not good.
(3) the scope of application is narrow
The sand table training of enterprise management in our school is only for students of the Department of Economics and Trade, and its application scope is narrow.
(d) Pay more attention to software operation than guidance and guidance.
In the process of sand table training, teachers generally pay attention to the explanation of sand table rules, but ignore the guidance of students' management behavior itself, which leads students to know how to interpret physical sand table, but often they don't know how to make decisions, or they can't clearly know the reasons for these consequences after making mistakes. There are two main reasons for this situation: first, students' knowledge reserve is insufficient. In the actual sand table simulation exercise, their enthusiasm for operation is high, but due to the limitation of knowledge level and thinking ability, they often don't know how to sum up the success or failure of their own business. Second, teachers' ability is limited, and they lack the overall grasp and control ability of relevant knowledge. It is more difficult for teachers to guide students to manage and run enterprises well. In order to properly comment and guide students' simulation management, it is necessary to organically combine marketing, production management, financial management and other disciplines.
Not paying enough attention to the training of practical teachers.
The school is not equipped with a special sand table teacher. When there is a teaching task, temporarily appoint teachers to directly undertake the teaching task of sand table training. Teachers and students fumbled in the training room to complete the training task. Do not attach importance to the training of practical teachers, and do not send teachers to participate in the training of sand table teachers.
Fourth, measures to optimize the simulation teaching effect of enterprise management sand table
(A) improve the training room construction
Sand table simulation training needs not only a special training room, but also all kinds of hardware needed for training. Such as sand table teaching AIDS, projectors, computers, network equipment, sand tables, blackboards or whiteboards, printers and multimedia teaching systems. In use, the training room should be arranged reasonably to create a good training environment and enhance the students' sense of experience.
(B) to build a reasonable teaching plan
It is suggested that the sand table simulation training of enterprise management should be arranged in the second semester of grade two, and offered after students have studied marketing, management, western economics and other related courses, so as to strengthen the connection between disciplines, increase students' interest in learning, better integrate theory with practice and apply what they have learned. It can still be used as the training part of enterprise management, shortening the weekly teaching hours from 6 to 4 and extending the centralized training hours from 2 weeks to 3 weeks. The extension of the training week will enable teachers and students to have enough time to discuss related business management issues after six years of simulation operation, and strengthen students' ability to analyze and solve problems by using what they have learned.
Promote sand table training throughout the school.
All majors offering management courses can introduce sand table training. In order to cultivate and improve students' entrepreneurial ability, our school has set up the course "Management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" in various majors other than the Department of Economics and Trade. Sand table can be used as a practical part of this course, so that students from other departments can also experience experiential sand table learning. Or take the sand table training course of enterprise management as a public elective course in the whole school, break the professional boundaries and let more students participate, thus deepening quality education.
(D) Strengthen the guidance of students' management behavior itself.
The biggest feature of enterprise management sand table is to simulate the business environment of enterprises. Through students' own operation and teachers' guidance and comments, students can feel the ups and downs of starting a business. Therefore, in the process of sand table deduction, teachers should always pay attention to students' situation, guide students to make correct decisions, and guide students to learn to think and summarize. At the end of each business year, students should be given time to exchange and discuss, so that they can sum up themselves, explore themselves and realize themselves.
(5) Strengthen teacher training and improve teachers' enthusiasm.
ERP sand table is a brand-new and open teaching method, which requires teachers to master the knowledge of management, economics, marketing, financial management and logistics management, and effectively integrate and apply these knowledge. Teachers are also required to do all the preparatory work before training, guidance during training and evaluation after training.
(six) to participate in skill competitions
Skills competition is an extension of classroom teaching and the best platform for students to verify their knowledge and improve their professional quality. Guiding students to actively participate in skill competition can improve their enthusiasm for participating in practical teaching, exercise their teamwork and decision-making ability, enhance their employment competitiveness, improve their comprehensive quality and enhance the social influence of the school. At the same time, guiding students to participate in the sand table simulation contest is also the embodiment of teachers' comprehensive quality, which is conducive to promoting teachers' continuous learning and improvement.
Improvement measures of sand table simulation training teaching 2. ERP management system has been paid more and more attention by enterprises, and the lack of ERP management talents is an indisputable fact. In order to improve students' practical ability, most colleges and universities adopt ERP sand table simulation teaching. This paper briefly introduces the content and specific application of ERP sand table simulation training, and shows the training effect.
Keywords ERP sand table simulation training practice teaching effect
The training objectives of higher vocational colleges meet the requirements of China's socialist modernization. Master the necessary basic theory and professional knowledge of this major, have the comprehensive quality and comprehensive professional ability to engage in the practical work of this major, and work in the front line of production, construction, management and service. The focus of cultivating talents in higher vocational colleges lies in practicality and operability. Therefore, in order to enhance students' practical operation ability, ERP sand table simulation training was introduced to the logistics management major of Grade 07 in the Department of Economic Management of our college.
I. Introduction of ERP Sand Table Simulation Training
The full name of ERP is Enterprise Resource Planning, which integrates and manages all resources of an enterprise. ERP refers to a management platform based on information technology and with systematic management ideas, which provides decision-making and operation means for enterprise decision makers and employees. ERP integrates information technology and advanced management ideas, which can help enterprises rationally allocate resources and create social wealth to the maximum. ERP is a comprehensive product of enterprise management, financial management, information technology and other disciplines. It is a comprehensive management application system integrating organizational model, enterprise norms and management methods, and it is a brand-new management idea. ERP sand table simulation confrontation training course is basically to reproduce the process of enterprise management with the help of sand table mold and move "enterprise" into the classroom. On the sand table, the cash flow, product inventory, production equipment, bank lending and other indicators of enterprises are clear and intuitive.
In the process of teaching, students are divided into 6-8 groups, with 5-6 people in each group, simulating the operation of enterprises for 6-8 years. Each member of the team serves as CEO, CFO, marketing director, production and operation director, purchasing director and information director respectively. Each group represents different enterprises and competitors in the same industry. Each group must predict the trend of competitors according to market demand and decide the long, medium and short-term strategies of its products, markets, sales, financing and production. At the end of each year, settle the operating results with accounting statements, analyze the operating results, make improvement plans, and then continue to operate in the next year.
Second, the specific application of ERP sand table simulation training in practical teaching of logistics management specialty
1. Establish an ERP interest group.
It is a heavy task to establish ERP sand table simulation training, and it is also a heavy workload for lecturers. It is a successful experience of our hospital to set up an ERP interest group. ERP interest groups focus on students, and senior students manage, guide and organize students. Teachers only need to teach the core students in the group, and then they will teach other students, section by section, which greatly reduces the workload of teachers and can actively mobilize the enthusiasm of students. ERP interest groups also promote exchanges and communication between students, and students can learn from each other and exchange roles, which is very beneficial to improve their practical ability.
2. Improve the teaching staff
ERP sand table simulation training involves many aspects of knowledge, such as management, accounting, logistics, marketing, e-commerce and so on. Therefore, its teaching content is interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary, which requires teachers to have a wide range of knowledge. If you only master this professional knowledge, you are obviously incompetent. In order to better promote ERP sand table simulation training and ensure the training effect, on the one hand, the school needs to send relevant teachers to participate in special training, on the other hand, the school needs to take some measures to stimulate the enthusiasm of teachers. 3. Participate in ERP sand table simulation competition.
The ERP sand table simulation competition is listed as a skill competition project of the whole hospital, so that more professional students can participate. Students are free to form teams and participate in simulated confrontation competitions. Select and explore outstanding talents in the whole hospital competition. After further intensive training, they will be selected as candidates to participate in the national ERP sandbox simulation competition for college students.
Third, the application effect of ERP sand table simulation training in the practical teaching of logistics management specialty
1. Through practical training, make full use of existing resources, let students enhance their ability to solve practical problems by using what they have learned through simulated practical training, and find out their own shortcomings, find out the shortcomings of what they have learned, so as to make the direction of their efforts more clear.
2. Through practical training, students have consolidated their basic theoretical knowledge and exercised their basic skills in the experience of success and failure, which not only consolidated their theoretical knowledge, but also improved their practical ability, cultivated their adaptability and innovative consciousness, and more importantly broadened their thinking.
3. Through practical training, students can truly understand the importance of teamwork, learn how to communicate and coordinate between departments in different positions, cultivate the values and business philosophy of people in different departments, and establish an organization oriented to overall interests. When students simulate actual combat in enterprises, they will encounter various typical problems that often appear in enterprise management. In view of the problem, students must analyze the problem, find out the countermeasures, make decisions, and organize and implement them through the team. They think that an enterprise is like a big ship, the CEO is the helmsman, the CFO is the escort, the production director is responsible for precise production, the purchasing director is responsible for timely procurement, and the marketing director is responsible. Here, each role performs its own duties and gathers the strength of everyone in the group, so that the ship can withstand the impact of wind and waves and move forward steadily.
4. Through practical training, students have been thinking about their career orientation. When they are grouped before actual training, they adopt the principle of voluntariness. However, some students did not get their favorite roles as they wished, but gained unexpected gains after practical training. From this, I deeply understand the real relationship between "loving one line and doing one line" and "doing one line and loving one line" in practical work.
5. Through practical training, students have developed a calm personality, cultivated the ability to improvise, and made it clear that as a qualified enterprise manager, they should keep a clear head and have the ability to make decisive decisions when the enterprise development is facing setbacks.
6. Through practical training, teachers fully realize how to keep learning, enrich themselves, improve their professional level, and constantly improve teaching methods, so that students can learn well, be close to reality, fully mobilize their learning enthusiasm, and better combine what they have learned with practice to achieve the expected goals.
ERP sand table simulation training can cultivate management talents in actual combat by building a simulation enterprise platform, showing the modern enterprise environment, reproducing enterprise operation processes and simulating functional posts. Students are there, truly feel the fierce and cruel market competition, and experience taking commercial risks and responsibilities. In the experience of success and failure, students should strengthen mutual communication and understanding, experience the strength and advantages of teamwork, learn management knowledge, master management skills and feel the true meaning of management, so as to comprehensively improve students' management quality and ability. ERP sand table simulation training promotes the combination of teaching theory and practice and the rationalization of curriculum structure of related majors, and plays a great role in deepening the teaching reform of logistics management specialty, improving teaching level and strengthening quality education. ERP sand table simulation training solves the problem of cultivating students' practical ability to a certain extent, fills the gap in practical teaching of logistics management specialty, improves students' practical ability, hands-on ability and employment competitiveness, and builds a platform for students' employment and future success.
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