Abstract: With the deepening of political and economic globalization, more and more international organizations are active on the world stage. They connect economy, communicate politics and closely link social life. International organizations have expanded rapidly. They are not only thousands in number, but also cover a wide range, including politics, economy, society, culture, sports, health, education, environment, security, poverty, population, women and children and many other fields related to human survival and development. They have become an important force affecting the world situation and the development of human society. Understanding the development and present situation of international organizations means understanding the development and present situation of the international community.
Keywords: international organizations; Shanghai Cooperation Organization; Asian security
China Library ClassificationNo.: D82 1 Document ID: A DocumentNo.:1002-2589 (2014)19-0040-02.
I. Overview of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is one of the most important international organizations in Asia. Since its establishment, it has developed from an empty shell into a new force for security and cooperation in Asia. The SCO is the only regional international organization established in China, named after our city and headquartered in China.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization was established in Shanghai, China on June 1 2006. As one of the most important new forms of security and economic cooperation in Asia, its predecessor is the Shanghai Five Cooperation Mechanism advocated by China. The SCO member states include China, Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Its total territorial area accounts for about one-fifth of Eurasia, and it has many large oil fields with proven reserves [1]. Building mutual trust and strengthening various forms of cooperation are China's efforts to create and maintain a peaceful and stable surrounding environment, concentrate on strengthening its own economic strength, and create good external conditions for improving people's living standards [2]. The member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization aim to strengthen mutual trust, good-neighborly friendship and cooperation, safeguard regional security and stability, promote regional economic development and promote the establishment of a just and reasonable international political and economic order. Are you online? The Charter of the United Nations? Commitment to purposes and principles; Adhere to the equality of all member States and solve all problems through consultation; Adhere to the principles of non-alignment and openness and do not target third parties; Advocate mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations and seek common development? Shanghai spirit? . In August 2007, the head of state signed the Treaty on Long-term Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation among the Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
Second, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Asian security
1. Asian security issues
There are many security problems and disputes in Asia. The North Korean nuclear issue has been heating up, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has not stopped. At present, the dispute between Japan and the Philippines over China's territorial waters has also aroused strong repercussions from the international community and the people of both sides. Japan has disputes with South Korea, China and Russia. Moreover, the sovereignty of many small countries in Asia cannot be completely decided by themselves, but is controlled by big countries. Security issues were once worrying.
The security dilemma plagues the whole of Asia. As a rising power, China will inevitably play a key role in maintaining Asian security. American hegemony, as the only logical behavior, has been relatively clear, challenging China with great confidence, whether it is real or imagined. On the other hand, China has carefully maintained its relations with the United States? Peace? The relationship. In the SCO, Russia tends to emphasize security, while China attaches importance to trade. China's biggest problem is not to touch the nerves of American security. The relationship between China and ASEAN is mainly economic and trade relations. At the same time, China has not shown any national will and plans to compete with American hegemony. The existing mechanism is mainly economic and trade relations. Although there are some sub-regional security mechanisms, these mechanisms have no power to deal with Asian security issues.
* * * On the basis of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, we will promote its development to the maximum extent. There is no doubt that the members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization have broad common interests, otherwise the Shanghai Cooperation Organization may not play its role as it does now. The interests of international organizations in Shanghai are different, because their needs are different and their views and opinions on development are not exactly the same. This is a natural and normal phenomenon, and it is also a problem faced by every region and international organization. The problem is that different interests and positions need to be coordinated. We should also see that interest coordination is not to get things done once and for all, but an ordinary process, because differences in interests are often accompanied by cooperation and development.
As mentioned above, these countries continue to pursue security and economic relations, that is, the relationship between the United States and China. The relationship between security and economy is crucial to the survival and development of these countries. For these countries, the most effective way is to create a collective security mechanism that can accommodate the United States, China and Asia, including themselves.
2. The role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in maintaining Asian security
Under the new situation, the Asian security cooperation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining Asian security. It not only protects relatively weak political interests, but also exerts great potential in the economy, seeks common interests for member States, and urges everyone to move in a good direction together.
The * * * common interests among SCO member states need to overcome and bring each other nerve pain first, as well as cooperation in combating separatism, extremism and terrorism, eliminating security threats and reducing other security threats, so as to expand economic and security cooperation in space. Such cooperation can ensure the stability of the region, tap its own potential and help these countries politically and geo-economically. The expansion of the structure, form and depth of SCO cooperation, the strengthening of its importance in Central Asia and even Asia, and the rising interests of member States and observer countries have consolidated and expanded its international status and goals with the continuous improvement of the geopolitical status of member States.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization has great economic potential, and its member countries and observer countries firmly believe in it. The possibility of bilateral trade and standardized Internet trade can be replaced by corresponding partners, such as cooperation in the fields of investment, scientific research, infrastructure construction, scientific and technological exchange, public investment and local or private funds for public projects supported by national policies [4]. This has attracted the attention of many western countries and encouraged them to cooperate in these fields. In this region, which covers Southeast Asia, South Asia and even the whole of Europe, including the same market, as the main export competitors of oil, natural gas and electricity, coordination among member States will help to improve operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness, which will strengthen the stability of the whole organization in economic and energy distribution. Therefore, the energy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as an agent will be strengthened.
Only when all aspects of politics and economy are strong can we resist the hegemonism of western powers and the aggression of power politics, and small Asian countries can exercise their sovereignty, speak with one voice and safeguard their due interests. We hope that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization can play its due role at more levels, not only in politics and economy, but also in international issues such as environment and security, so that a different and progressive Asia can appear on the world stage.
Three. Prospects and future of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Asia
Although the international community as a whole presents a peaceful atmosphere, there is a huge internal crisis, which is also extremely dangerous. How far the Shanghai Cooperation Organization can go is worthy of consideration by all member States and even the whole world.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization has developed from an empty shell with no substantive content to a new form of security cooperation in Asia. However, the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization still faces a series of problems. Internally, how to carry out economic cooperation more effectively and develop the economic potential of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has become a top priority for development. In addition, relations with world powers or regions such as China, the Russian Federation and the United States are the key to future development [5].
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is the largest regional international organization in the world. Although the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a new and young international organization with many immature and imperfect places, it is dynamic and promising [6]. Views on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should focus on the new model of the relationship between Asian multilateralism and other countries in the world, and pay attention to the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the prospect of problems to be solved urgently. These problems cannot be solved by any member state, even the largest country. The member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization undertake security obligations and carry out more effective joint anti-terrorism actions. Fighting against security threats is still an indispensable part of the whole process.
In a word, international organizations play a vital role in Asian security, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is only a part of it. We hope that more and more international organizations will be established in the future, which can cover all aspects of life. When everything is guaranteed and can develop smoothly, the solution to the security dilemma in Asia is just around the corner.
References:
Ma Zhengang. Shanghai Cooperation Organization [M]. Beijing: World Knowledge Press, 2006.
[2] Putin. Shanghai Cooperation Organization will promote peace and stability in Central Asia [C]// Selected articles and speeches by Putin. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 2003.
[3] Hu Jintao's speech at the meeting of heads of state of SCO member states [Z].2003.
[4] Declaration on the Establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization [A] Selected documents of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization [M]. World knowledge publishing house, 2002.
[5] Mikhaiyev. Russia-China-US Central Asia Policy and the Development of Shanghai Cooperation Organization [M]. World Knowledge Press, 2006.