Hugo's profile
Victor? Hugo (Victor Hugo,1802 February 26th? 1May 22, 885), a French romantic writer and a humanitarian representative. /kloc-a representative writer of the positive romantic literary movement in the early 9th century and an outstanding bourgeois democratic writer in the history of French literature, experienced almost all the major events in France in the 9th century, and wrote many poems, novels, plays, various essays, literary comments and political articles in his life, which had a wide influence in the world. Shakespeare is in France? . Hugo's creative history is more than 60 years, and his works include 26 volumes of poems, 20 volumes of novels, 79 volumes of scripts 12 and 2 volumes of philosophical papers1,which adds a brilliant cultural heritage to the treasure house of French literature and human culture. His representative works include Notre Dame de Paris, Les Miserables, and Labor at Sea. His short stories include? Normandy? The number of victims.
Hugo's life experience
1802 February 26th, Victor? Hugo was born in Besancon. On) An officer's family From middle school, Hugo loved literary creation and became interested in literature, so he began to write poems. His literary activities began with writing for the magazine Literary Conservatives. His first novel, Han? Islam won the admiration of novelist Notir. The connection with Nottier prompted Hugo to turn to romanticism and gradually become the leader of romanticism.
18 19, Hugo and the poet Winnie and others founded the conservative literature biweekly. Influenced by his family since childhood, Hugo's original works praised royalism and religion. /kloc-published the first book of poetry "Ode" in 0/822, and was awarded an annuity by Louis Stanislas Xavier. Later, new carols, poems and Long song came out one after another, which made a breakthrough in content and form. During this period, he also published two novellas, The Devil in Iceland and The Cuckoo? Jarga
1823, with the rise of liberalism, Hugo's political attitude changed, and he was composed of romantic literary youth such as Miao Sai and Dumas? The second literary society? , began to explicitly oppose pseudo-classicism.
1827, Hugo wrote a long preface for his play Cromwell, which is the famous romantic literary declaration. In the preface, Hugo opposed the classical artistic viewpoint and put forward the romantic literary proposition: insisting on not formulating but expressing the plot concretely. In particular, he preached the principle of contrast between funny ugliness and lofty beauty. This preface has become a condemnation of classicism, an important declaration of romanticism, a classic of romantic literary theory, and occupies an important position in the history of French literary criticism.
1830 What happened in France? July Revolution? The feudal restoration dynasty was overthrown. Hugo enthusiastically praised the revolution, the revolutionaries, and wrote poems to mourn the heroes who died in the street fighting. After the July Revolution, Hugo also embarked on the left-wing road politically.
183 1 year, Hugo's novel Notre Dame de Paris came out, which is Hugo's most romantic novel. By describing the tragedy of the kind gypsy girl Ais Melar who was devastated and persecuted under the feudal autocracy in the Middle Ages, the novel reflects the darkness of the authoritarian society, the rampant reactionary church and the cruelty of the judicial system, and highlights the anti-feudal theme. The story is complicated, the characters are exaggerated, and the whole work is written in rich colors. The plot is bizarre, tense, vivid, unpredictable, dramatic and legendary, which fully embodies the characteristics of romance novels.
Characteristics of Hugo's works
One characteristic of Hugo's artistic technique is to describe exaggerated and extraordinary characters and extraordinary plots. The hero in his works has either done extremely heroic acts or extremely cruel and despicable acts. Their personality traits are exaggerated. The plot is also extraordinary. Contradictions follow, and make full use of coincidence, encounter and other means, full of twists and turns, fascinating. Hugo's creation is his practice of comparative aesthetics. He likes sharp contrast. The environmental description of works can not be separated from this principle.
Hugo is good at describing huge scenes and events, such as the Battle of Waterloo. At the same time, the author likes to stand up and write his own subjective feelings in his works. He expressed love and hate with passion, causing readers to scream.
Positive romanticism uses extraordinary words, exaggeration and strong contrast to form the plot, which is essentially different from negative romanticism. Hugo's works reproduce the typical characteristics and social and historical essence of real phenomena with extraordinary images and practices. It essentially reflects the reality and the author's progressive ideal.
Hugo is good at combining realism and romanticism skillfully. In his voluminous romantic masterpieces, there are real typical characters, and sometimes realism and romanticism are used to shape a character.
Hugo painted charming pictures in his works with superb and wonderful artistic techniques. He strictly distinguishes artistic truth from natural truth, and emphasizes the role of the writer's subjective thoughts in his creation. He put forward the principle of contrast and advocated absolute exaggeration. He arranged tense plots in his works and created extraordinary characters. His contrast principle is not equal to explaining the contradictions in reality. His idea of natural reaction is also dominated by his romantic plan.
Nevertheless, his contrast principle embodies the requirements of positive romantic literature and tries to expand the scope of expression. This requirement swept away the old classical dogma.