Question 2: What should a standard promotion plan contain? A good promotion plan should include the following points:
I. Project objectives:
When making a planning scheme, the following contents must be given priority:
1, activity theme;
2. Main products;
3. Activity objectives:
To set measurable and clear goals, we should not avoid and be vague, and should conform to the SMART principle, and at the same time, formulate the measurement method of whether the goals are achieved.
In addition, it is best to formulate graded goals, that is, beyond goals, optimal goals and basic (bottom line) goals. This makes it easier to control during operation.
Second, the analysis of competitive factors:
Including the background of the proposal, competitive environment analysis, target customer group analysis, selling point analysis, advantages and disadvantages analysis, etc.
Third, the marketing strategy:
Including the time/place of the event, price strategy, promotion strategy, channel strategy, publicity strategy, sales incentive strategy, etc. It also includes highlight analysis, key factors of success and so on.
Fourth, support and safeguard measures:
Including the design and production of promotional materials and the cooperation of relevant departments.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Risk management and control:
Including control points and risk control points to ensure the success of the scheme.
Cost budget of intransitive verbs:
Schedule of expense budget.
Seven. Division of responsibilities:
Responsibility should be in place, the standards should be clear, the responsible person and the inspector should be responsible, and there should be an agreement on what to do if it cannot be done.
Eight. Implementation schedule of the plan:
Here are two tables: one is the work content execution schedule; The second is the execution table of time or process operation. The former is the division table of each system and each post, and the latter is the on-site inspection control table.
Question 3: What should be included in the project implementation plan? Project overview.
Second, the basic framework of risk allocation
Third, the project operation mode
Fourth, the transaction structure.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) contract system
Rules and regulations of intransitive verbs
Seven. Selection of procurement methods
Question 4: What does the research plan include?
(1) Determine the task and purpose of the investigation;
(2) determine the investigation object and investigation unit;
(3) Determine the investigation items;
(4) Determine the investigation time and period;
(5) Make the organization and implementation plan of the investigation scheme.
Question 5: What does the special construction plan include? (1) earthwork excavation.
1, earthwork excavation of foundation pit (ditch, trough) with excavation depth of more than 3m;
2. Earthwork excavation of foundation pits (ditches and troughs) with complicated geological conditions and surrounding environment;
3. Drilling and blasting engineering.
(2) Foundation pit supporting engineering
1, foundation pit (ditch, trough) supporting works with excavation depth of more than 3m;
2, geological conditions and surrounding environment complex foundation pit (ditch, trough) supporting engineering.
(3) Foundation pit dewatering engineering
1, it is necessary to adopt a foundation pit project with artificial water level reduction and excavation depth of 3m or more;
2. Need to use artificial to reduce the water level, geological conditions and complex surrounding environment of foundation pit engineering.
(4) formwork engineering and supporting system
1, tool template engineering, including sliding mode, climbing mode, flying mode, large template, etc.
2, concrete formwork support project
(1) The erection height is more than 5m;
(2) The erection span is more than 10m;
(3) The total building load 10kN/m2 and above;
(4) concentrated line load 15kN/m and above;
(5) The height is greater than the horizontal projection width of the bracket and relatively independent, without structural connection.
3, used for steel structure installation and other load-bearing support system engineering.
(5) Scaffolding engineering
1, floor-standing steel pipe scaffold;
2. Connect the lifting scaffold;
3. Cantilever scaffolding;
4. Hanging basket for aerial work;
5. Self-made unloading platform and mobile operating platform;
6, new special scaffolding.
(6) Lifting and hoisting works
1. Unconventional lifting equipment and methods, single lifting weight 10kN and above lifting projects;
2, the use of lifting machinery and equipment for installation engineering.
(seven) lifting machinery and equipment disassembly project
1. Installation, disassembly and jacking of tower crane;
2. Installation and disassembly of the construction elevator;
3. Installation and disassembly of the material hoist.
(8) Demolition and blasting engineering
1. Demolition of buildings and structures;
2. Demolition by blasting.
(9) Other dangerous projects.
1, building curtain wall installation project;
2. Prestressed structure tensioning project;
3, steel structure and grid engineering;
4, cable-membrane structure installation project;
5, underground excavation, tunnel, pipe jacking construction and underwater operation engineering;
6. Offshore pile foundation engineering;
7. Manual hole-digging belled pile project;
8. The adoption of new technologies, new processes, new materials and new equipment may affect the project quality and construction safety, and there are partial projects without technical standards, as well as other projects that need to prepare special plans.
Compilation content: Except as specified in the engineering construction standards, the special plan shall mainly include the following contents.
(1) Project profile: profile, construction layout, construction requirements and technical guarantee conditions of sub-projects with high risks.
(2) Compilation basis: the contents or provisions of laws, regulations, normative documents, standards and specifications, and the names of technical documents such as construction organization (general) design, survey design and drawings.
(3) Construction plan: including construction progress plan and material and equipment plan.
(4) Construction technology: technical parameters, process flow, construction method, inspection and acceptance, etc.
(5) Construction safety guarantee measures: organizational guarantee, technical measures, emergency plan, monitoring and monitoring, etc.
(6) Labor organization: full-time safety production management personnel and special operations personnel.
(seven) calculation and related drawings and charts.
The Safety Inspection Standard for Construction Continuous Operation stipulates that a special safety continuous operation organization design (scheme) must be prepared separately for projects with strong professionalism.
Name of Chinese entry: "Safety Inspection Standard for Construction Workers" stipulates which professional projects must be independently prepared for special safety worker organization design (scheme).
English entry name:
(1) Scaffolding and unloading platform
1 floor-standing external scaffold construction scheme.
2. Construction scheme of unloading platform (including design and calculation) (floor-standing and cantilever type).
3 cantilever scaffold construction scheme (including design calculation).
4. Portal scaffold construction scheme (including superelevation design calculation).
5. Construction scheme of hanging feet and hands (including design calculation).
6 hanging basket foot hand leveling scheme (including design calculation).
7 Special construction organization design (including design and calculation) of attached lifting scaffold.
(2) Construction scheme of foundation pit support (the depth of foundation pit exceeds 5M, including supporting structure).
(3) Formwork engineering design scheme (including supporting system design calculation and concrete transportation safety measures).
(4) Power consumption for construction ... >>
Question 6: What is the content of the public policy plan? Open the catalogue of 80 first-level disciplines of higher education formulated by the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Education, and you will see that there are two disciplines under the first-level discipline of public management: administrative management, labor and social security, land resource management, educational economy and management, social medicine and health management. However, in addition, Peking University School of Management focuses on international and domestic public management. Public policy is the main category of public management research in the world at present, but it is still in its infancy and development period in China. Traditional public policy research originates from political science and administrative science, aiming at discussing the balance of interests between the state, society and citizens in a normative sense. Through the analysis of the principles and models of political science and administrative science, it studies the formulation, implementation and evaluation of policies at the national, local and group levels, thus providing suggestions for high-quality public policies. However, since the 20th century, especially since the middle and late 20th century, the development of social science is facing unprecedented challenges. The debate between qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, and the division between normative research and empirical research have made the development of the whole social science enter a complex and chaotic era. In this era, it is inevitable to introduce quantitative analysis techniques and methods of mathematics, natural science, engineering science and computer technology into social science research. The quantitative analysis method is introduced into social science research, so that social science can truly become a science and be given a second life. Developing public policy research is no exception. In 1950s and 1960s, quantitative analysis in western public management began to take shape, while the modernization of China's research methods in public management originated from Peking University Institute of Management in 1990s. The establishment and development of the Public Policy Research Office of Peking University School of Management opened the research on the modernization of public policy and public management in China. The introduction of modern analytical techniques and methods such as mathematical analysis, model analysis and psychological analysis has opened up a new situation for public policy research, which is in line with the world and has reached the world's leading level. Public policy research is the field of modern analytical techniques and methods of public management science. The core of quantitative analysis techniques and methods of public policy is to introduce the analytical methods and techniques of mathematics, statistics, game theory, operational research and psychology into public policy research. At present, the undergraduate majors of public policy in Peking University Management College mainly focus on public policy analysis, advanced mathematics, applied statistics, game theory, operational research, simulated decision-making, e-government, macro and micro economics. Postgraduates focus on the basic theory of public policy, quantitative technology of public policy-statistics and prediction, quantitative technology of public policy-planning and decision-making, experimental simulation of public policy, macroeconomic policy research, management science theory and economic analysis of public policy, with reference to Harvard University, Yale University and London School of Economics and Political Science. Talent is the most important resource for public policy research. At present, the Department of Public Policy of Peking University Management College has the backbone of domestic public policy research represented by Gu Xin, Yu, liu ling. They have academic backgrounds in mathematics and engineering, obtained a doctorate in management, post-doctoral research experience and overseas study background, and are familiar with public policies and modern analytical techniques in China. The interdisciplinary analysis of politics, management, economy and information technology has formed the scientific teaching and research logic of "sociological research method analysis-mathematical modeling and quantitative analysis-computer analysis and information technology simulation" in public policy research. At the same time, with the improvement of the international and domestic popularity and market recognition of Peking University School of Management, it attracts the best students from all over the country to Peking University School of Management, enriching the reserve force of public policy talents. World-renowned industrialists and Qiu donated hundreds of millions of yuan to the School of Management of our government, and established high scholarships and grants in the School of Management of * * *, which made social contributions to China's policy research. Improving international popularity is the main mission of public policy teaching and scientific research. At present, with the international prestige of Dean Fu Jun of School of Management, Peking University's public policy research has been compared with Harvard University, Yale University, Stanford University, University of Michigan, ...
Question 7: What does the work plan include? 1. Guiding ideology and working ideas:
Fully implement the enterprise management mechanism, mobilize all factors that can be mobilized, and implement regional management: determine the region, post, personnel, responsibility and economic indicators, and sign the target responsibility letter at different levels. We will fully implement the incentive mechanism that benefits wages are directly linked to work performance, that is, more rewards are paid, less punishment is paid, and those who are able to work harder. Complete and exceed the business income-generating tasks assigned by the company.
Second, the organization and personnel post arrangement
1. Customer Service Headquarters:
Manager: 1
Deputy Manager: 1 (also the stationmaster of each management station)
Supervisor: Name
Internal service: 1
Toll Hall: Name
2. According to the situation of centralized area, joint user distribution and network transformation, the whole area is divided into three management stations, namely:
① Chengbei management station
Regional scope: Renmin West Road, Renmin East Road, Sushi Road, Chenzhou Avenue and the area north of Shiliuwan Bridge Line.
Webmaster (Deputy Manager concurrently) 1
Deputy stationmaster (concurrently in charge) 1
Number of employees (including temporary employees)
② Chengnan Management Station
Regional scope: from the old bus station to Chen Jiang Trade City along the east of Guoqing Road, along the Yanquan River in the south, to Chengqianling in the south, to Luoxianling in the west and to Renmin West Road in the north.
Webmaster (Deputy Manager concurrently) 1
Deputy stationmaster (concurrently in charge) 1
Member workers (including temporary workers)
③ Chengdong Management Station
Regional scope: east to Beijing-Guangzhou Line, south to Huancheng South Road, west to Xiangnan Hotel to Chen Jiang Trade City, along Yanquan River, north to Renmin East Road and Sushi Road, and along Chenzhou Avenue to Pomegranate Bay.
Webmaster (Deputy Manager concurrently) 1
Deputy stationmaster (concurrently in charge) 1
Member workers (including temporary workers)
Third, job responsibilities:
1. Customer Service Headquarters:
(1) Assist in coordinating the three film stations to complete their tasks.
② Manage the toll hall and complete the task.
(3) Responsible for the collection of collective household viewing fees.
(4) Responsible for the related work of addressable charging control.
⑤ Responsible for handling user consultation and maintenance calls.
⑥ Be responsible for inputting the charging data of users at each station.
⑦ Complete other tasks assigned by the company.
2. Each management station:
(1) Be responsible for the cable TV charging within the jurisdiction (excluding the charging of users who change their networks and registered collective households), and ensure that the revenue-generating targets issued by the company are fulfilled.
(2) Responsible for the daily maintenance and emergency repair of the cable TV network below the optical node within the jurisdiction, and obey the unified dispatch of major emergency emergency repair work across the jurisdiction.
(three) responsible for the inspection of cable TV networks within the jurisdiction, subject to the unified dispatch of cross-jurisdiction surprise inspection work, and cooperate with the law enforcement work of the competent departments of the industry.
(4) Participate in the acceptance of users who change the network and new users, gradually count the accurate number of all kinds of users, and dig deep into the charging potential.
⑤ Complete other tasks assigned by the company.
Four, income-generating tasks and benefits linked
Implement performance management, and directly link the expenses and personal income of each station with the income-generating task. According to this principle, the jurisdiction of each station,
Income-generating tasks, personnel and vehicle allocation, related expenses, royalty standards and reward and punishment standards are as follows:
Income-generating task of the project unit (10,000 yuan) Basic expenses of personnel (vehicles) (10,000 yuan) Maintenance materials (10,000 yuan) Income commission (%) Overreceipt commission (%) Deduction for failure cases (%)
Chengbei station
Chengnan station
Chengdong station
Toll hall
People engaged in agricultural collective management
Combination plan
Note: 1, basic expenses, revenue commission and excess commission include all expenses of each station (basic salary, benefit salary, overtime, meals, communication expenses, vehicle fuel repair expenses and other business expenses).
2. Maintenance material fee refers to the maintenance material fee from 1 month to the end of the year. If the cost is overspent,% of the savings will be awarded to each station, and the replacement of equipment during the warranty period will not be included in the cost.
3. Income-generating tasks include room inspection fees, inspection fees and old arrears.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Financial management measures:
1. The financial management of each station is managed by the company's financial department, and the sub-stations conduct accounting and establish classified ledgers.
2. Submit all kinds of income accounts to the company's finance department every week, and submit the number of accounts to the customer service department backstage.
3. After the basic salary is approved by each station according to the salary standard set by the company, it will be reported by the customer service department on a monthly basis, and will be issued after approval. Benefit salary (commission) shall be paid to individuals quarterly or at the end of the year according to the above procedures.
Contents and methods of intransitive verb evaluation;
1, assessment content:
(1) Completion of economic indicators.
② Control of maintenance costs and other costs.
③ service quality and group >>
Question 8: What does the promotion plan include? I. Purpose of the event
Explain the current market situation and the purpose of the activity. What is the current market situation? What is the purpose of this activity? Is it to deal with inventory, increase sales, crack down on competitors, launch new products, or enhance brand awareness and reputation? Only when the purpose is clear can the activity be targeted.
Second, the active object.
Is the activity aimed at everyone in the market or a specific group? What is the scope of activity control? Who is the main promotion target and who is the secondary promotion target? Whether these choices are correct or not will directly affect the final effect of promotion.
Third, the theme of the event
This part mainly solves two problems, namely, determining the theme of activities and packaging activities. Price reduction, price concessions? Gifts, sweepstakes, gift certificates? Service promotion, demonstration promotion? Consumer credit, or other promotional tools? What kind of promotion tools and themes to choose should consider the objectives, competitive conditions and environment of the activity, as well as the budget and distribution of promotion expenses. After determining the theme, it is necessary to "pull the tiger skin as a banner" as artistically as possible, dilute the commercial purpose of promotion, and make the activity closer to consumers and more impressed them. A few years ago, the "Sunshine Action" of Aiduo VCD was a classic, which packaged a simple promotion action into a caring action to safeguard consumers' rights and interests, but it could not be used for reference. This part is the core part of the promotion plan. We should strive for innovation and make the activity shocking and exclusive.
Fourth, the way of activities.
This part mainly expounds the specific activities. There are two key issues to consider: first, determine the partners. Pull * * * as the backing, or hang the "sheep head" of the media to sell their own "dog meat"? Do manufacturers act alone, or join hands with distributors, or jointly promote sales with other manufacturers? Cooperation with * * * or the media helps to gain momentum and build momentum; Combining with distributors or other manufacturers can integrate resources and reduce costs and risks. The second is to determine the degree of * * *. In order to promote successfully, it is necessary to make the activity have the power of * * * and the target audience can participate in * * *. The higher the degree of * * *, the greater the reaction to promote sales. But this kind of * * * also has marginal effect, which must be analyzed and summarized according to the promotion practice, and combined with the objective market environment to determine the appropriate degree of * * * and the corresponding cost input.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Activity time and place
Choosing the right time and place for promotional activities will get twice the result with half the effort, while choosing the wrong place will be thankless. Try to let consumers have free time to participate, and make the location convenient for consumers, and communicate with urban management, industry and commerce departments in advance. Not only is the timing and place of the promotion important, but how long it lasts and the best effect is also important. If the duration is too short, repeated purchases will not be realized during this period, and many benefits that should be obtained will not be realized; If it lasts too long, it will cause high cost, the market will not be hot, and the value of customers will be reduced.
Sixth, the way of advertising cooperation
A successful promotion needs all-round advertising cooperation. What kind of advertising creativity and expression do you choose? What kind of media hype do you choose? These all mean different audience arrival rates and cost inputs.
Seven, preliminary preparation
The preliminary preparation is divided into three parts:
1, personnel arrangement
2, material preparation
3. Test scheme
In terms of personnel arrangements, it is necessary to "everyone has something to do and everything is in charge", and there can be no gaps and overlaps. Who is responsible for communication with * * * and the media? Who is in charge of copywriting? Who is in charge of site management? Who is responsible for distributing gifts? Who is responsible for customer complaints? Every link should be considered clearly, or you will be in trouble if you get cold feet and lose sight of one thing.
In terms of material preparation, everything from vehicles to screws should be listed, and then counted according to the list to ensure foolproof, otherwise there will be a hectic scene.
More importantly, because the activity plan is determined on the basis of experience, it is necessary to conduct necessary experiments to judge whether the selection of promotion tools is correct, whether the degree of * * * is appropriate, and whether the existing channels are ideal. The test method can be to ask consumers, fill out questionnaires or try a scheme in a specific area.
Eight, medium-term operation
The medium-term operation is mainly activity discipline and field control.
Discipline is the guarantee of combat effectiveness and the prerequisite for the perfect implementation of the plan. In the plan, all aspects of participants' discipline should be specified in detail.
On-site control is mainly to arrange all links clearly and make them busy and orderly.
At the same time, during the implementation of the plan, the scope, intensity, quota and focus of promotion should be adjusted in time to keep the promotion plan controllable. & gt
Question 9: What are the main links in decision-making? The main links of policy formulation-setting objectives, planning scheme, policy choice and legalization?
The goal of public policy
1. The meaning of public policy objectives: refers to the objectives, indicators and effects achieved by actions taken by relevant public organizations to solve public policy problems.
2. Two characteristics of public policy objectives: the relevance of issues; Predictability of the future.
3. Classification of policy objectives: policy meta-objectives [fairness, efficiency, freedom and security] and sub-objectives; Long-term policy objectives, short-term policy objectives and other policy objectives;
4. Setting policy objectives (244) has two meanings: it can provide directional guidance for making policy plans; It can provide a core evaluation standard for the planning and implementation of policy projects.
5. Principles for determining policy objectives (245): seeking truth from facts; Facing the future; System coordination; Clear and specific; Moral considerations.
Public policy planning
1. policy construction refers to the process of organizing forces to draft and evaluate policy plans and action steps in order to achieve certain policy goals after establishing relevant policy agendas.
2. Characteristics of policy planning: facing the future; Emphasize the purpose; Pay attention to action; Highlight the process and focus on the whole. (Diversification and * * * dominance coexist; It exists between the determination of policy objectives and policy choices. )
3. The meaning, advantages and disadvantages of single-agent policy planning and multi-agent policy planning are compared.
Single-agent policy planning-The planning agent is * * * institution.
Multi-agent policy planning-The planning subjects are * * * organs, research institutions and interest groups.
Single subject mode-advantages: you can grasp the overall situation. Disadvantages: justice and science are difficult to guarantee; Lack of democracy.
Multi-agent model-advantages: justice, science and democracy. Disadvantages: It may be one-sided.
4. The meaning of hearing system: The core requirement is to listen to the opinions of relevant experts, relevant management subjects, relevant interest representatives and the public when making decision-making plans, so as to facilitate the transparency, scientificity, democratization, fairness and standardization of policy planning and selection.
5. Principles of policy scheme design: closely follow the policy objectives; Plan multiple schemes; The programs are independent of each other; The plan should be innovative; This scheme is feasible.
Policy program evaluation: it is a predictive analysis and comparison of the effects of various policy programs.
Choice of policy scheme: Put forward policy suggestions on the basis of evaluation and comparison. The main methods are: predictive evaluation and feasibility evaluation.
The Choice and Legalization of Public Policy
1, what is the choice of public policy? It is a process in which public policy makers make a decisive choice of action plans to solve related policy problems according to policy planning suggestions and quantitative matters and certain decision-making systems and regulations. This is the most substantial stage in the process of public policy formulation.
2. With the advancement of the policy designation process, the number of relevant policy participants (more or less? ) is decreasing.
3. What is the theme of public policy choice? Head of state; Chief executive officer; Representatives of public opinion; Judge; The head of the ruling party and military leaders and so on.
4. Requirements of modern decision-making for decision makers: First, respect the value of scientific analysis; The second is to consider the balance of interests of all parties; The third is to play the role of personal decision-making; Fourth, pay attention to making decisions according to the prescribed systems and procedures.
5. What is the legalization of public policy choice? Legalization of policy content; Legalization of decision-making process; Legalization of relevant policies.
6. What is the legalization of policy content? In other words, the policy chosen by the decision-makers cannot contradict the established constitution and laws in content. Must comply with the principles and even specific provisions of relevant laws.
7. What is the legalization of the decision-making process? In other words, the process of policy selection should meet the statutory procedural requirements.
8. What is the legalization of policy? It is the process that the state organs with legislative power promote some mature and stable policies into laws, also known as policy legislation.
The procedures followed by western countries are: first reading, second reading and third reading.