In recent years, some tourism departments in China have not fully understood the importance of developing domestic tourism, and the guidelines, policies and measures for developing domestic tourism are not specific and dynamic enough, and the macro-management and correct guidance for developing domestic tourism are not enough, which restricts the further development of domestic tourism. This paper talks about my own understanding and views on the development of domestic tourism in order to attract the attention and attention of relevant parties.

Domestic tourism refers to the sightseeing activities carried out by our people in China. The rise and development of this kind of consumption behavior is the inevitable product of a country's social, economic, cultural and living standards reaching a certain level. The growth stages and development policies of tourism in different countries have their own characteristics. After the demand for durable consumer goods in developed countries has been met, domestic tourism has begun to flourish, followed by international tourism, which includes both outbound tourism of domestic tourists, that is, consumption tourism, and inbound tourism of foreign tourists, that is, income tourism. In the development of production and consumption in these developed countries, there is no "premature consumption" phenomenon caused by the consumption demonstration effect of advanced countries. The main purpose of developing tourism is to solve the problem of insufficient total social demand and the resulting unemployment, which is welfare.

Low-income developing countries take the lead in developing income tourism in international tourism, that is, inbound tourism, and with the aggravation of foreign exchange bottleneck caused by economic development, this income tourism plays an increasingly important role in the national economy. At the same time, with the improvement of domestic per capita national income level, domestic tourism is also booming. When the per capita GNP of 2000 dollars ranks among the newly industrialized countries and regions, the expenditure-oriented tourism in international tourism, that is, traveling abroad, also rises and prospers. The initial purpose of developing tourism in developing countries is mainly to earn foreign exchange and develop the economy. When the per capita GNP is less than US$ 65,438+0,000 and foreign exchange is in short supply, only income tourism for receiving foreign tourists will be developed. When the per capita GNP exceeds $65,438+$0,000, there is still a shortage of foreign exchange. At this time, due to the increase of domestic people's income, domestic tourism has also developed, but overseas tourism has not yet developed. When the per capita GNP exceeded $2,000, the shortage of foreign exchange was lifted, and then overseas tourism also developed. Taiwan Province Province is one of the leading areas of tourism development in China. It began to develop tourism in 1956. At that time, per capita national, during the period from 1956 to 1979, it never advocated domestic tourism, but developed itself. By 1979, the per capita GNP of Taiwan Province Province reached US$ 2,000, and the balance of payments showed a huge stable surplus of tens of billions of dollars. Only by opening up the international tourism industry to travel abroad.

China is a developing country. In the early days of reform and opening-up, it was difficult for the supply and service of tourism to meet the needs of tourists. In order to alleviate contradictions and promote the smooth development of tourism, the state has formulated the policy of giving priority to the development of international tourism, and taken effective measures from all aspects to increase the supply of international tourism, so that international tourism can develop rapidly. During this period, flexible policies and requirements are put forward for domestic tourism. In 1980s, due to the immaturity of subjective and objective conditions and the priority of international tourism development, domestic tourism was required to "adjust measures to local conditions, actively guide and develop steadily". In 1990s, with the rapid development of China's economy, residents' income continued to increase, and the consumption composition and level changed greatly. Traveling abroad has become a new fashion, and residents in coastal areas and large and medium-sized cities who have opened earlier and have higher incomes are more prominent. According to incomplete statistics, the output level of domestic tourism in 1995 has reached 1.68 times that of international tourism. (1) At the same time, in the past two years, China's border tourist ports have increased and the routes have been extended. Numerous increases have facilitated border tourism, making border tourism increasingly the focus of tourism. Second, southeast Asia has also become.

The new tourist destination for residents in economically developed areas of China is an extension of domestic tourism to overseas tourism.

With the acceleration of China's socialist market economy construction and participation in the international economic cycle, China's national economy will surely develop continuously, stably and healthily. Domestic political stability, social stability and vigorous economic development provide a good external environment for vigorously developing domestic tourism. In recent years, the living standards of urban and rural people in China have been continuously improved, the quality of life has been steadily improved, and the consumption concept has undergone fundamental changes. People are no longer satisfied with the closed family life, but are eager to meet the high-level needs of broadening their horizons and cultivating their temperament through tourism. With the implementation of the "five-day paid vacation" system for urban workers, farmers' free time has increased, and tourism will become an integral part of people's material and cultural life. The domestic tourism market has great potential, which provides sufficient tourists for the development of domestic tourism.

As we all know, tourism resources are the material basis for attracting tourists and the premise for developing tourism. China ranks first in the world in terms of the number, variety and high grade of natural resources and cultural landscapes. At the same time, after nearly 20 years of tourism resources development, the construction of scenic spots and the improvement of reception facilities and supporting facilities have laid a solid foundation for the development of domestic tourism.

For each tourist receiving area, the role of domestic tourism in this area is basically the same as that of international tourism in each receiving country, but it is not expressed in the form of foreign exchange. The development of domestic tourism has the following positive effects:

1. Promote social progress, prosper culture, improve the quality of life and inspire people's patriotic enthusiasm. At the same time, through tourism, people's physical and mental health will be improved, thus improving social productivity. Many countries use domestic tourism to solve the tourism problem that their residents lack economic ability and cannot go abroad. For example, Egypt advocates that more low-income people "know their own country" to enhance national pride, and the tourism department provides preferential treatment for middle and lower class residents in accommodation and transportation. During the Spring Festival last year, the "Huangshan Citizens Tour Huangshan" activity launched by the Huangshan Management Committee of Anhui Province increased the public's understanding of the tourism industry and stimulated the public's sense of ownership.

2. Improve the national economic structure, and promote and drive the development of various undertakings in the whole society. Tourism is an inseparable and important part of the national economy, and its development is restricted by the level of national economic development. The development of tourism can not be separated from the support of transportation, urban construction and other related departments. At the same time, the prosperity of tourism has promoted the development of urban construction, transportation, science and technology culture, commerce, industry and handicrafts, greatly increased the proportion of the tertiary industry in the national economy, and made the national economic structure develop healthily.

3. Promoting the balance of regional economic development in China is an important part of shifting the focus of economic development to the mainland and poverty alleviation measures. The development of tourism in one region can drive the economic development of the whole region, which is especially obvious for backward areas. The main resources of tourism are natural scenery and places of interest, which are generally not in industrialized areas, but in remote areas, mountainous areas and economically underdeveloped areas. Such as the Thousand Buddha Cave in Dunhuang, Huangguoshu Waterfall, Shilin in Yunnan, Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan, Huangshan in Anhui and Jiuhua Mountain. Many scenic spots in China are located in this geographical position. Through the development of domestic tourism, tourists from economically developed areas come to backward tourist areas to spend money, which promotes the economic development of this area.

4. Withdraw a large amount of funds to accelerate economic development. According to incomplete statistics, from 1985 to 1992, the currency returned from domestic tourism was about13 billion yuan, and the currency returned from 1995 was17 billion yuan. The rapid economic development of countries and regions needs a lot of capital investment. The role of developing domestic tourism in attracting foreign investment, developing economy, realizing currency withdrawal and accumulating funds can not be underestimated, and it can be used as a guide to develop international tourism, accumulate funds for the development of international tourism, and gradually lay a good social infrastructure and tourism facilities.

5. It can balance the domestic and international tourism markets and improve the utilization rate of tourism facilities. The number of tourists in the international tourism market will fluctuate due to political, economic and seasonal changes. By developing domestic tourism, we can make up for, alleviate or adjust the use of beds, solve the problem of idle and saturated transport capacity, prevent the uneven development of domestic and international markets, and prevent the tourism economy from relying entirely on the international market without room for manoeuvre.

6. Expand employment opportunities and maintain social stability. Because of the extensiveness and diversity of tourism activities, tourism is a labor-intensive industry. Some western scholars believe that tourism in developing countries seems to be more conducive to employment than in developed countries, because the economic activities and employment scope in developing countries are smaller. Vigorously developing domestic tourism can expand employment opportunities and alleviate the pressure of "difficult employment" brought about by economic transition.

The important role and potential function of developing domestic tourism are more and more recognized by all parties concerned, and the competent departments at all levels should be guided by policies and change the original practice of free development. Lay a good foundation for economic growth in the next century.

At the beginning of this year, Qian Qichen, Vice Premier of the State Council, pointed out at the National Tourism Work Conference: "The tourism management department should have a systematic plan for the development of China's tourism industry, define the development direction and long-term goals, and realize that with the improvement of people's material living standards, the domestic tourism market will become a new growth point for China's tourism development. In the next five years, China's tourism industry has broad prospects. " According to the statistics of the World Tourism Organization, domestic tourism revenue accounts for about 965,438+0% of the total world tourism revenue. Even in some economically developed countries, domestic tourism accounts for a large proportion. We should fully understand the development law of tourism, accelerate the development of domestic tourism, conform to this new situation, formulate corresponding policies and measures, play a guiding and coordinating role in the whole society, and make tourism increasingly prosperous.

1. Incorporate domestic tourism into the national economic and social development plan. Governments at all levels should make corresponding plans for domestic tourism, incorporate them into the national economic accounting system, set up a series of indicators, establish a fixed-point and sampling statistical system, fundamentally establish the industrial status of tourism, and give strong support in human, financial and material aspects.

2. Actively cultivate the domestic tourism market, combine the export and reception of the tourist source market, develop together, publicize extensively, attract domestic tourist sources in an organized way, actively run domestic tourism fairs and regional and thematic tourism fairs, and improve the popularity of national tourism.

3. Build and improve tourism service facilities and improve service quality. With the development of domestic tourism, the requirements of domestic tourists for the quality of tourism services are gradually improving. The construction of tourism service facilities should pay attention to hierarchy and coordination, not only to meet the needs of high-level consumption, but also to pay attention to the public requirements of most tourists with low consumption level at present, change the dirty, chaotic and poor facilities that used to receive domestic tourists, and constantly adjust the product structure to meet the needs of domestic tourists.

4. Strengthen macro-control and actively and steadily develop domestic tourism. At present, many departments, enterprises, institutions and individual economies have high interest and enthusiasm in running tourism. On the other hand, the construction of tourism service facilities lags behind, especially the traffic congestion, and some hot spots are crowded in the tourist season, which impacts and affects international tourism. This state of relative disjointed subjective and objective conditions urgently requires relevant departments to strengthen macro-control and use price means and time dislocation to limit and divert. According to the inherent development law, needs and possible conditions of tourism, timely provide guidance and control opinions and measures.

5. Formulate tourism laws and regulations, improve the supervision mechanism, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of domestic tourists. In the past two years, with the vigorous development of domestic tourism, the three types of travel agencies in many tourist reception areas have exploded and developed rapidly, with more than 4,000 in China. However, some of these travel agencies have some problems, and some even belong to "leather bag agencies", with only one telephone and one fax machine, and the quality of their employees is uneven. Some don't know anything about business, and tour guides have not received professional training, which affects the image of domestic tourism. Tourism authorities at all levels should strengthen the software construction of tourism professionals' quality, tourism management level and tourism service quality, gradually formulate relevant domestic tourism regulations and comprehensive service quality standards, establish fixed-point service, management supervision and complaint system, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of domestic tourists.

6. Develop colorful tourism products according to the needs of domestic tourists. Judging from the analysis and forecast of the current domestic tourism market, the following types of tourism products should be vigorously developed in the future. First, sightseeing products will remain the leading products of domestic tourism for a long time to come, and the content of products should be continuously increased and enriched, and knowledge, culture and participation should be integrated to meet the new needs of tourists. The second is to develop short-distance leisure tourism products. With the implementation of weekend, weekend travel has sprung up in China. Due to the time factor, the travel distance should not be too long. Attractive short-distance leisure products should be developed according to the distribution of local and surrounding tourism resources, which has broad market potential. The third is to develop characteristic tourism products. Holding some tourism festivals and some themed tourism projects, such as "San'guo City", "Folk Culture Village" and "Window of the World", will be favored by domestic tourists.

The rise of domestic tourism is an inevitable phenomenon of social and economic development in China. The development of domestic tourism can drive and promote the coordinated development of national economy-related industries, and bring extensive social and economic benefits. We should seize the favorable opportunity of domestic tourism development and plan and accelerate the healthy development of domestic tourism from a strategic perspective.