There are many factors that affect the construction of college students' subjective personality in higher education. Here, I only talk about some thoughts on the construction of students' subjective personality in honesty education.
Honesty means honesty and trustworthiness. Honesty is an act, and its motivation lies in conveying true information; The definition of "keeping promise" in Ci Hai is "keeping promise and keeping promise in order to gain others' trust in him". The former refers to the cultivation of people's inner moral quality, while the latter focuses on interpersonal ethical care. Honesty publicizes human nature and moral care, which is not only a childlike commercial spirit, but also a moral artistic conception, because it pays attention to how to be a man and how to improve the realm of life, and shows the humanistic care between people who regard each other as an end rather than a means. In essence, this moral pursuit contained in honesty is completely in line with the subjective spirit of college students in the new era, because the overall goal of higher education is to cultivate creative socialist "four haves" new people, and in the moral sense, it is also seeking and cultivating more sound personality and more perfect humanity. In this respect, honesty is a new moral entry point to construct the subject personality.
First, integrity education and the establishment of subjective consciousness
The awakening of subject consciousness is the basis and premise of establishing subject personality.
The so-called subjective consciousness refers to people's conscious awareness of their subjective status, subjective ability and subjective value as the main body of cognitive and practical activities, and it is the conceptual expression of subjective autonomy, initiative and creativity. It includes subjective self-consciousness (mainly in the relationship between people and themselves, realizing that "everyone has the indisputable right to develop their own talents") and objective consciousness (mainly in the relationship between people and the outside world, realizing that people can turn the outside world into something beneficial to their own development). In this regard, the real meaning of subjective consciousness is the spirit of honesty, which not only includes respect for others, but also shows recognition and persistence in one's own obligations and responsibilities. Therefore, honesty education has an important influence on cultivating students' subjective consciousness.
First of all, honesty education helps to build students' self-awareness. Honesty is the moral basis of subject consciousness. "Honesty is the way to get along with people. Without a certain degree of honesty, an individual can't stand up, and no one will believe you when he speaks. Even you will feel suspicious and desperate, and you will become a fragmented person with different words and deeds, not a complete person, not to mention the harm that lying and breaking promises will bring to society and his moral evil. [1] "Honesty itself is the unity of truth, goodness and beauty, and it is really the foundation of honesty. "Zeng Yun Qing Yun" pointed out: "Honesty, no emptiness, truth and reality". Through honesty education, students' ability to pursue truth, goodness and beauty, especially truth, is cultivated. This ability enables students not only to know their intuitive environment, but also to transcend it and see a wider world. I am more aware that the individual is the most real and fundamental subject, and the growing and changing needs of the individual make people full of desire and passion for busyness and inspire people to pursue it constantly. All these make students have a series of essential characteristics of the subject: consciousness, initiative, purpose, selectivity and transcendence, and make their activities have inherent enthusiasm and creativity, so that students' subjective consciousness can be truly established.
Secondly, honesty education helps to establish students' object consciousness. "The essence of man is not an abstract thing inherent in a single person. In reality, it is the sum of all social relations. [2] "People have formed various social relations in their activities. Human social relations are not only the result of human activities, but also the conditions of human activities. For an individual, it is first and foremost a condition that precedes the individual.
In this way, before any of his activities, everyone must first face the problem of how to deal with various social relations, which is essentially the process of establishing the subject's object consciousness. The principle of good faith plays a leading role in regulating the relationship between individuals and society. The principle of good faith requires individuals to fully understand the rights that everyone, including themselves, should enjoy, so as to realize their obligations to others, the collective and society. Only on the basis of fully understanding everyone's rights and obligations can individuals adopt a moral attitude towards others, the collective and society, that is, respecting people's rights and fulfilling their obligations to the collective and society as their own code of conduct. Everyone has the right to fully develop himself, but his self-development must be consistent with the development of society. When pursuing one's own goals, one can't ignore one's obligations to others, collectives and society and the possible influence of one's activities on others, collectives and society. Everyone has the right and should maintain their independence and autonomy, but everyone needs to have the necessary spirit of cooperation, so that the exertion of personal independence and autonomy will not become an uncoordinated factor that destroys the state of social life. The principle of good faith does not blindly require individual self-restraint or self-sacrifice, it only requires that individual self-realization goals do not violate the principle of consistency of obligations and rights, and encourages people to formulate more noble self-realization goals.
Second, honesty education and the cultivation of subjective ability.
Another basic aspect of the formation of college students' subjective personality is the formation of their subjective ability. Subjective ability is an objective motive force lurking in the subject, formed in social practice and manifested in the objective relationship between subject and object. The subject's ability is the synthesis of various regulations, including not only the subject's practical ability, but also irrational factors with emotion and will as the main components, because irrational factors are the performance of the subject's initiative, the dynamic factor in the subject's ability structure, and the important source for the subject to eliminate external interference, overcome various difficulties and strive to achieve goals.
First of all, in modern society, if the subject wants to obtain all kinds of material and spiritual conditions needed for the development of ability, he must have integrity, otherwise he will not be able to stand on the society. Man is the existence of society, and the development of society depends entirely on society and others. Whether it can be recognized and praised by society and others is the most basic interest of all human interests. Because under the condition of market economy, people's communication is more and more common and complicated, and the scope of communication is expanding day by day. The relationship between people is not mainly based on moral feelings, but on rationality. People no longer rely on their own intuition, no longer because they are acquaintances, but based on empirical evidence, mainly because of mutual integrity. Although an acquaintance, if he has no honest character and no ability to pay, he should not have a credit relationship with him; Even strangers should be given credit support if they have good reputation and repayment ability. The key to gaining recognition and recognition from society and others lies in whether a person has virtue. People with high morality will be praised by society and others, while people with bad morality will be condemned by society and others. Honesty education is an important way to cultivate people's moral quality and virtue, and it is an objective need for the development of college students' subjective ability.
Secondly, in terms of people's psychological quality, honest personality is also of great benefit to the growth of people's intellectual factors and irrational factors. Because a person with integrity is loyal to himself and does what he really wants to do outside, he won't want to go astray or pursue something persistently, he will do one thing wholeheartedly, he will carry forward the spirit of hard struggle and challenge backwardness, instead of trying to find shortcuts. They realized their historical mission and social responsibility with profound thinking and high-level ideal pursuit, thus achieving a career. Therefore, an honest man will be very heavy and powerful.
Third, the integrity of education and the realization of its main value
When college students establish their subjective consciousness and develop their subjective ability, they begin to seek subjective value. What is value? Marx said: "The universal concept of' value' comes from the relationship between people and external things that meet their needs" [3]. The external things referred to here are things other than the subject, including nature, people and their relationships as objects, as well as some ideologies as objects. In this sense, the satisfaction of the subject to the needs of others or society is the subject value. Contemporary college students not only live in the economic system of market economy, but also in the political system construction of "ruling the country by law" and "ruling the country by virtue", and in the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, and they are also the reserve forces for socialist economic, political and cultural construction. Their value display is inseparable from these objective environments, and these objective realities are the stage for their value display and the result of practice. This objective fact determines that college students' pursuit of subjective value cannot be separated from the support of the spirit of honesty.
First of all, people are both natural people and social people. Without the light of society, people can't give full play to their own values. College students exchange material, energy and information with society by interacting with others, and realize their own life value. Honesty is the capital to ensure the smooth development of these practical activities. Confucius believed that one can't be dishonest. In his view, "loyalty and respect are quite a country." Words without faith, deeds without respect, although it is difficult to walk in the state "[4]. In the long run, you must be honest to be truly trusted. Li Kaifu, former president of Microsoft China Research Institute, wrote an open letter before returning to China. During his tenure as president of China Research Institute, he met many China students and had many feelings. The first point he said in his letter is that in order to succeed in his career, he needs to abide by some principles, which are the most lacking among the students he met in China. The first principle is honesty and integrity. For society, a person is honest and trustworthy first, and then talented. If he is talented but not trustworthy, he will do more harm to society than a person with poor ability. College students' lack of honesty will make them encounter more dangers in society and lose many chances of success. Because everyone is afraid of dishonest people. Once you do something dishonest, you will leave a mark on your resume, and you will lose many opportunities to succeed in society in the future, which will not reflect your main value. Secondly, from the social point of view, market economy itself is contract economy and honesty economy, and honesty is the moral basis for the effective operation of socialist market economy. Engels pointed out after inspecting the capitalist market economy: "The more developed production is, the less trivial means such as seduction and deception can be used, which is the characteristic of its early stage. ..... These cunning tricks are money in time, and it is no longer cost-effective for business ethics to develop to a certain extent in the big market. [5] "Especially under the framework of WTO, participating in international trade competition requires broader and higher integrity. There is a German student from China who was rejected to apply for jobs in various companies after graduating with excellent results. The reason is that there are three bus evasion records on his personal credit card. As Kant said, "because of telling a lie, a person gives up, or even completely destroys, his dignity as a person." . [6] "In addition, at present, China implements the policy of combining" ruling the country according to law "and" ruling the country by virtue "in political construction and spiritual civilization construction. This construction policy itself contains integrity, and they also put forward the requirements of integrity for the implementation subject. It can be seen that honesty is not only the fundamental moral standard of human beings, but also the basic requirement of being human beings, and it is also the basis for contemporary college students to realize their life value as the main body of future national political and legal construction and spiritual civilization construction.
Fourth, some thoughts on the practice of honesty education
To cultivate college students' subjective personality, we should further strengthen the honesty education and establish and improve the honesty education mechanism for college students, focusing on the following aspects:
1. The educational concept should be people-oriented.
Ideologically, honesty education must focus on people-oriented. It is necessary to establish a great education concept and break the empty preaching education concept that it is difficult to achieve practical results by education and morality. Suhomlinski said: "Without self-education, there is no real education". College students are the main body of honesty education, and whether honesty education can be effective depends on the "self" function of the educational object in the final analysis. Therefore, in honesty education, we should respect students' subjective status and personality, guide college students to carry out "self-education", stimulate students' enthusiasm and subjectivity, and cultivate students' conscious awareness and emotion of honesty and morality. "Education encourages students to gradually reach moral maturity through their own rational activities and practices" [7], which enables college students to consciously and actively practice honesty and realize the transformation from heteronomy to self-discipline. We should shift the educational viewpoint from the original focus on moral norms to the focus on the content of "all-round development of human beings", pay attention to the growth of talents, take "people have no faith and do not know what they can do" as the starting point and destination, inject humanistic spirit, and make the talents cultivated by them adapt to social and economic development and keep pace with the development of the times.
2. Educational content should keep pace with the times.
Honesty education should keep pace with the times in content and constantly broaden the educational connotation. The development of economic globalization and internationalization of education requires us to inject the spirit of the times into the content of college students' honesty education, so that the traditional localized honesty education will gradually move towards modernization and internationalization. Special attention should be paid to two combinations: first, the awareness of integrity should be combined with the awareness of rules. Modern honesty is not only a "private virtue" to deal with the relationship between individuals, but also a "public morality" to deal with the relationship between individuals and society. China's entry into WTO has greatly improved people's morality, that is, it has strengthened the awareness of rules. Rules and integrity are closely linked, and the awareness of rules is weak, and the awareness of integrity is bound to be lost. The problem of college students' honesty is closely related to their weak awareness of social rules, and some of them have penetrated into schools. It is necessary to combine honesty education with rule education so that students can understand that rules are made according to rules from an early age; Rules must be observed and not violated; Everyone is equal before the rules. Second, the sense of honesty should be combined with the sense of innovation. The concept of good faith focuses on seeking truth from facts and keeping promises, but in the era of rapid social development, it is even more necessary to innovate and break through the routine. The relationship between honesty and innovation is also the relationship between emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts: "Only by emancipating the mind can we truly seek truth from facts; Only by seeking truth from facts can we truly emancipate our minds. " Honesty needs to actively transform the society, including making the social environment more conducive to the return of honesty, which requires innovation and new ideas. The combination of honesty and innovation is based on social responsibility. Facing the new situation, we must re-examine the content of college students' honesty education and further deepen, expand and innovate the connotation and extension of the theory, so as to make the tree of college students' honesty evergreen and move towards modernization and internationalization.
3. Establish and improve the education management system.
In the management of honesty education, we must standardize the system and establish a complete credit system and reward and punishment system. The formation of honesty and morality must be guaranteed by a perfect credit system and backed by the corresponding reward and punishment system, and can not only stay at the level of moral understanding. The key to the institutionalization of college students' honesty education is to establish a benign interaction mechanism between people and institutions, so that everyone can achieve their goals through institutional channels on the basis of self-discipline. If integrity is not guaranteed by interests and fraud is not punished properly, integrity will be trampled on, even if it is moral, just and noble. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a credit system among college students, standardize their credit performance at school, and establish corresponding restraint and punishment mechanisms. Establish a credit file for each student, and record personal basic information, character description, academic performance, credit records and rewards and punishments in detail, and regard personal files as an important indicator for students to win awards, join the party for postgraduate entrance examination, enter a higher school for employment, and issue student loans. Students who lack honesty should be punished. Those who can't participate in the evaluation first can't be student cadres, and if the circumstances are serious, they should be given disciplinary sanctions. Schools should also improve various rules and regulations, such as dealing with cheating in exams, violating graduation agreements, and not repaying loans. And bring these systems into the whole credit restraint and punishment mechanism, so that hard system and soft education can be closely combined and play a role together.