Farmers must take the road of empowering and helping the poor. Abstract: At present, the problem of farmers' poverty is still caused by objective conditions such as social development strategy, social policy and rural infrastructure capacity in China. These objective conditions eventually suppressed or deprived farmers of their rights. Therefore, farmers must be given more power of self-development and self-management. China's poverty alleviation model with empowerment as the core in some areas is a new way to solve the problem of farmers' poverty, but we should pay attention to institutionalization and real decentralization when exploring this model. From the perspective of average index, China has entered a well-off society, but rural poverty is seriously threatening the development of a well-off society, and poverty is still one of the most important social problems facing China. Although the country's poverty alleviation efforts have been increasing, the marginal benefit of poverty alleviation investment still shows an obvious downward trend, and even there is a phenomenon of returning to poverty. How to get rid of this situation? In recent years, China's participatory poverty alleviation model with the concept of empowerment as the core has provided a new way out. 1. The long-standing causes of farmers' poverty In terms of poverty causes, Gong Zhen believes that poverty causes mainly include six aspects: ideological poverty, organizational poverty, capital poverty, industrial poverty, talent poverty and policy poverty. However, judging from the influence of social transformation and system transition in China in recent years, the problem of farmers' poverty can be further discussed from three aspects: development strategy, social policy and rural infrastructure capacity. First of all, China has long implemented dual management between urban and rural areas. This management system has led to two roads and two economic policies for urban and rural development. At the beginning of the founding of New China, the goal of national development was to complete the accumulation of funds for industrialization. At that time, China's industrial base was quite backward, and it was very difficult to develop rapidly on its own. The lack of capital and raw materials makes it impossible for industrial development to obtain from more backward agriculture, so we must obtain resources from the countryside in the form of "scissors difference" to meet industrial needs. However, the development of industrialization has not brought much benefit to the countryside. On the contrary, the result of industrialization is urbanization. The life of migrant workers in the city is not satisfactory. They have become a "vulnerable group" in the city, rejected by society and become a "new poor group". Secondly, China's social policy has always focused on cities. Under the planned economy system, China implements the system of unit guarantee for cities. As long as you have an urban hukou, a person enjoys comprehensive national welfare protection from birth to death. In rural areas, there is basically only one form of "rural cooperative medical care", with barefoot doctors as the main medical service in each brigade, although the "Articles of Association of Advanced Agricultural Production Cooperatives" promulgated by 1956 stipulates that agricultural production cooperatives should give certain arrangements and care to the old, weak, lonely, widowed and disabled members who lack or completely lose their labor force and have no dependence on their livelihood, so as to ensure that they can have a baby. This is just a good wish for rural areas with extremely low productivity. At most, a "five guarantees" system will appear in rural areas. The social security coverage in rural areas is too low and the treatment is too little. Thirdly, due to various reasons, the rural areas lack the basic construction capacity for production and self-development. Many people think that this is related to the poor natural conditions in rural areas, the low quality of farmers and the fact that the speed of agricultural development cannot keep up with the speed of industrial development. It seems that the poverty of farmers is caused by their own reasons, but generally speaking, the reason why farmers are still poor is an objective social condition. Farmers have a strong desire to get rid of poverty. From the fact that many farmers have to leave the countryside to seek survival opportunities in cities that discriminate against farmers, we can see that farmers not only have the will to change their current living conditions, but also have the ability to change the face of the countryside. It's just that there are too many social restrictions on rural development, which leads to their inability to play. Second, the significance of empowerment in solving the problem of farmers' poverty. In the field of anti-poverty, people think that in order to improve the living conditions of the poor and help them get rid of poverty completely, the development strategy must ensure the sustainability of the environment and society, make the economic behavior take into account the rational development of ecology and environment, be consistent with the original local social values and organizational structure, and closely link sustainable development with participatory development methods. Only with the extensive participation of the public can development be sustainable. The word "empowerment" comes from Amartya Sen's Poverty and Famine, and is also translated as "empowerment" and "empowerment". Empowerment theory holds that the survival and development of families must rely on three forces: society, politics and psychology. Families get the information, knowledge and technology they need through social forces, as well as the channels to participate in social organizations and obtain credit support. When a family's social strength rises, its expectation and ability will also rise. This is a sign that the family is getting rich. Due to the needs of national industrialization, farmers in China have been in the stage of being forced to support, and their rights have been quite suppressed. Judging from the above eight levels of participation, farmers' participation is only manifested in low-level manipulation and handling, communication, consultation and appeasement. Moreover, due to the uncoordinated development of rural areas in China, the level of farmers' participation is uneven, and the situation of farmers' participation varies from place to place. The most practical and feasible way to solve the problem of farmers' poverty by empowerment theory is to put forward a "participatory development" poverty alleviation model. Participatory poverty alleviation takes empowerment as the core, uses the resources injected by the government, and with the assistance of social organizations, allows the poor to fully participate in the decision-making and implementation of poverty alleviation activities and the whole process of poverty alleviation and development. Third, the practice of empowering poverty alleviation in China —— Taking the pilot project of "community-led development" as an example, CDD(Community Driven Development), also known as the poverty alleviation mechanism introduced from abroad by China, is a new anti-poverty governance model. Its core lies in empowerment, which can achieve the effect of poverty alleviation and improve the anti-poverty ability of poor people, thus forming sustainable development. The pilot projects carried out by CDD in some poor areas in the world have achieved great success, which not only improved the local development environment, improved the efficiency of the use of construction funds, but also promoted the ability of target groups. In 2006, the World Bank cooperated with the Foreign Investment Project Management Center of the Poverty Alleviation Office in the State Council, China with the Japanese Social Development Fund grant. In China, four representative poverty-stricken areas were selected as the pilot of community-led development projects (the four representative poverty-stricken areas in CDD project were Jingxi County of Guangxi with typical karst landform, Jialing District of Sichuan with typical hilly landform, Baishui County of Shaanxi with typical loess plateau landform, and Wengniute Banner of Inner Mongolia, which represented the poverty type in China agricultural and pastoral areas). By endowing the community subject with the decision-making power and the right to use funds, the self-development ability of the community subject can be improved, and the mechanism of sustainable development can be established, so as to finally achieve the purpose of improving the construction of small infrastructure and the community environment and establishing the community development fund. The construction fund of this project is * * * 443 1.36 million yuan, of which the World Bank grants 1.34 million yuan, accounting for about 30%; The domestic matching fund is 30,873,600 yuan, accounting for about 70%. From the concept of CDD, CDD is a developing process. Through this process, the community can control and use the resources that affect its survival and development, and enjoy the decision-making power to control and decide the utilization and management of these resources. Judging from the poverty alleviation effect of CDD in China at present, it is mainly reflected in: 1. The production and living conditions of the community have been improved. CDD project solves the problem of aiming at difficulties in the previous poverty alleviation mechanism, goes deep into poverty-stricken areas, empowers the poor subjects with deep experience to make their own decisions, chooses urgently needed projects to give priority to development, and realizes the integration of decision-makers and beneficiaries, thus solving the most needed and realistic problems of the poor population, improving the production and living conditions of communities and improving the production conditions and living standards of the people. 2. Promote the integration of rural social capacity. Community-led development projects, different from previous poverty alleviation models, are characterized by empowerment. Farmers in the project area are completely given the right to use resources and the right to make decisions. They decide what projects to implement and how to implement them. Through empowerment, farmers' sense of ownership of the project is enhanced, farmers' enthusiasm and initiative to participate in community development management are mobilized, and farmers' important concepts are changed. Integrate resources in the community through self-organization and self-management. Improve the ability of self-management of community affairs, form the dominant * * * common interests through frequent interaction, realize that the common interests of * * * can only be realized by organizational unity, and learn to realize the common interests of * * * with the collective strength of the organization. 3. It promotes the development of rural economic cooperation organizations. The rural economic cooperation organization is produced to change this situation and meet the needs of the development of agricultural market economy. It is an effective form for farmers to develop their economy and increase their income. It has played an active role in improving the degree of organization of farmers entering the market, guiding farmers to participate in competition, improving the quality and safety of agricultural products, and building a harmonious society in rural areas. With its unique advantages of being private, cooperative and professional, rural economic cooperation organizations have infiltrated services into every link from production to circulation, solving many problems that farmers can't do alone. 4. Women's right to development is guaranteed. CDD emphasizes empowerment, which includes the whole beneficiary group, while giving the community the leading power. In rural areas, women rarely participate in the decision-making of public interest distribution, but CDD projects are different. Women in CDD project area also actively participated in the discussion, decision-making and implementation of the project area, raised their awareness of self-development, and began to form organized anti-poverty activities according to their own abilities, and explored the way to develop rural economic cooperation organizations. Fourth, there are two problems to be solved in the process of empowering the poor. First, institutionalization. Institutionalization should have a "good development model", which includes: maximizing economic growth; The fairest distribution of existing and potential wealth; Minimize the damage to the natural environment. The means to realize this model is a process of democratic participation, which enables the poor and vulnerable groups to get all-round development opportunities through empowerment and requires development from the community. Then, in the process of empowering development, the policy environment of development is mainly emphasized. The quality and stability of the policy environment is the prerequisite for the institutionalization of a good poverty alleviation mechanism. China's previous poverty alleviation model was that poor villages were completely passive, villagers' wishes could not be expressed, and village committees became elected organizations without power. Participatory development can be institutionalized in democracy, while ensuring the right of the community to express its will, which can reach organizations that can really solve problems. Second, real decentralization. Empowering development focuses on farmers' full participation, giving poor farmers the right to know, choose, participate and supervise, making farmers truly the main beneficiaries of poverty alleviation, and confiscating and mobilizing their enthusiasm and subjective initiative. The concept of empowerment is to believe in the poor, rely on the poor and emphasize empowerment. The emphasis on empowerment requires the government to truly decentralize or cede power. Decentralization is to gradually delegate the power originally concentrated in a social role or a social group to various developing groups. Empowerment requires the government to give way to the original power of farmers and let farmers have the will to power they deserve. These powers generally include the right to participate, the right to develop, the right to manage and the right to choose partners. Of course, decentralization and centralization cannot be completely separated, but the degree of the two is different. In reality, it is impossible to find an absolute centralized management model and an absolute decentralized management model.