Problem description:

Is there a difference in garden decoration and design style between Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty? If so, what is the most obvious difference? Thank you ~ ~ ~

Analysis:

From the mid-Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, with the development of capitalist factors and the rise of civil rights, the dikes of etiquette and law in the past were burst, resulting in the proliferation of romantic literature and art. Private gardens in the north and south of the Yangtze River flourished, and famous gardens replaced the earth, which was the golden age of gardens in the south of China. The imperial palace in the north not only gave full play to the material advantages of the royal family, but also absorbed the milk of private garden art in the south of the Yangtze River and began to rise as a royal gardener.

Painting is the mother of gardening. Private gardens in this period were directly influenced by literati paintings, and paid more attention to poetic and artistic conception, which was implicit and elegant, and the aesthetic trend was fresh and elegant. The representative works of gardens in this period can be summarized as Wuxi Jichang Garden, Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden and Yangzhou Cinema, and their aesthetic characteristics are "being close to nature". The main body of the landscape is natural scenery, with scattered pavilions as a foil. Here, the garden owner's thoughts of indifference, world-weariness and transcendence are entrusted, and a rich spiritual world is hidden in the material environment. Desolation, simplicity and simplicity are its beautiful characteristics.

This kind of broad-minded and detached garden aesthetics lasted from the middle of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty. When it flourished, great changes took place in garden aesthetics. As a result of Daxing Literary Prison in the early Qing Dynasty, literati were obsessed with stereotyped writing according to official cultural standards. Thus, the romantic literary thought of the Ming Dynasty was stifled, and a set of rigorous technical schemes was formed in the creation of garden art. Especially in the creation of royal garden art, it shows a unified style and a certain aesthetic tendency, such as: there is an imperial palace inside, an imperial palace outside and an imperial palace outside. The private garden art in the south of the Yangtze River also has the same artistic tendency: paying attention to formal beauty and skillful technology, developing from conforming to nature to beautifying nature, emphasizing people's transformation of the natural environment and pursuing external material creation. As a representative of Yangzhou gardens, it is embodied in Slender West Lake, which can be called the confluence of private gardens.

Qianlong period in Qing Dynasty was the last prosperous period of China feudal society in economy, politics and culture, which was called "Qianlong Prosperity". During this period, a large number of excellent royal gardens and private gardens in the south of the Yangtze River were built, which became the peak in the history of garden development in China and could be regarded as the summary of garden creation in the whole feudal society. They fully embody the aesthetic thoughts of traditional gardens, become the crystallization of China's traditional culture and national aesthetic psychology, and are one of the most fascinating roles in the world garden stage since ancient times.