1979- 1989 was in the early days of the establishment of diplomatic relations. China and the United States began negotiations on economic, trade and cultural exchanges. Take cultural exchange as an example. After 1979, thousands of China students went to study in the United States, which greatly increased China's understanding of the United States. At the same time, the issue of human rights and the issue of Taiwan Province Province have gradually evolved into two major sticking points of the Sino-US conflict.
1989-2009 This period is the process of the disappearance and reconstruction of the foundation of Sino-US diplomatic relations. 199 1 year, the Soviet Union disintegrated, and the most important foundation and common interests for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States disappeared, and the relationship between the two sides was in jeopardy. The third Taiwan Strait crisis, the US bombing of China's embassy in Yugoslavia, and the long-term tug-of-war between China and the United States on human rights and MFN treatment have had a great impact on Sino-US relations. At this stage, the two sides began to rethink what the future Sino-US relations will be based on.
2009-20 18 is a period of all-round competition between China and the United States. Since the Obama administration, China has gradually grown into a big country and started to challenge the status of the United States. With the increasingly fierce competition in various fields, Sino-US relations are characterized by more competition than cooperation.
The financial crisis in 2008 led to an increase in the unemployment rate in the United States and a decrease in the consumer confidence index, which had a great impact on the American economy. At this time, China has a strong economic development momentum, and its comprehensive national strength, international competitiveness and international influence have been significantly improved.
At the same time, China still holds high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, abides by the foreign policy purpose of safeguarding world peace and promoting development, unswervingly develops friendly cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peace, and promotes the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation.
Extended data:
Sino-US relations have entered a "new stage"
Compared with the early 1990s, this major adjustment of Sino-US relations has completely different significance. The former is just after the cold war, and American self-confidence is bursting; China has just been open for ten years, and its national strength is weak. The United States is confident that it can control the direction of Sino-US relations. But this time, the United States is in an anxious period caused by the crisis, and China is far from China 30 years ago. Great changes in the balance of power mean anxiety and behavior caused by desire but helplessness, which may make Americans' behavior even more unexpected.
As far as China is concerned, we have more capabilities and tools to meet new challenges. What is most needed at this time is rationality and patience, and we must have the strategic determination of "changing with constancy". At the same time, we should get used to some "new things". In the past few decades, Sino-US relations have been mainly based on cooperation. In the future, you may have to get used to the new relationship of "confrontation instead of cooperation" and fight without breaking.
Even so, we must realize that the uncertainty of Sino-US relations brought by "new things" will greatly increase in the future for quite some time until a stable "new stage" is formed.
At this new stage, the United States does not need to abandon its engagement policy in many fields, but the elements of "strategic containment" will increase, such as the "poison pill clause" against China in the recently reached US-Mexico-Canada trade agreement. It is predicted that similar "containment" design will not be a case, and there will be more investment projects in China that are prohibited by the so-called Investment Safety Review Board of the United States.
Even though the United States regarded China as a "competitor" and began to "contain" China, the change of American elite's attitude did not change the American people's view of China. According to the data of the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations 20 18, 1994-2002, the proportion of Americans who regarded China as a threat was as high as 57%, and then it began to fall back, 20 12-.
It can be seen that although public opinion can be mobilized and undergo major changes, the current public opinion base in the United States does not support the policy of treating China as an "enemy". However, it is an indisputable fact that the attitude of American elites towards China has changed, which has led to a policy shift.
Light. Com-40 Years of Sino-US Relations: History, Present Situation and Trend
People's Daily Online-Yang Guangbin: Sino-US relations have entered a "new stage"